Table Of ContentThe material was previously published in Handbook of Lubrication and Tribology: Volume I Application and Mainte-
nance, Second Edition © Taylor and Francis 2006.
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Lubrication and maintenance of industrial machinery : best practices and reliability / Robert M.
Gresham, George E. Totten.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-4200-8935-6 (alk. paper)
1. Machinery--Maintenance and repair. 2. Industrial equipment--Maintenance and repair. 3.
Lubrication and lubricants. I. Gresham, Robert M. II. Totten, George E. III. Title.
TJ153.L845 2008
621.8’16--dc22 2008033439
Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at
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Preface
In years past, most industrial operations had a lubrication engineer on staff who, although somewhat
ofajack-of-all-trades,wasresponsibleforthelubricationmaintenanceofindustrialequipment.Hisor
herskillsextendedwellbeyondchangingtheoilandgreasingtheequipment.Rather,heperformed,at
arudimentarylevel,manyofthepracticesthathavenowbecomethebasisfortoday’sproactivemain-
tenanceprograms.Modernmanufacturingoperationsmusthavereliableequipmenttomaintainstable
deliveryschedulesandoperatewiththegreatestoverallefficiency.Thisreliabilityisakeyelementofoverall
globalcompetitiveness.Togetmaximumbenefitoftheadvancedmaintenancereliability-basedoperational
strategies,anexcellentunderstandingofequipmentlubricationisaprerequisite.Thegoalofthisbookis
todemonstratethekeyroleofeffectiveequipmentlubricationpracticesinaproactivereliability-based
maintenanceprogramandthebestpracticesforachievingthecostreductionandtheinherentresultant
increaseinoperationalreliability.
ThebookbeginswithachapterwrittenbyMarkCastle,acertifiedmaintenancereliabilityprofessional,
on“FullCircleReliability,”whichsetsthestagefortherestofthebookbydemonstratingthecriticalrole
ofeffectivelubricationincompetitiveoperations.Subsequentchaptersexplorehowlubricantsdegradein
serviceandthemethodsfordetectingandmeasuringtheextentofthisdegradation.Therearechapters
onlubricantcleanliness(contaminationcontrol),environmentalimplicationsoflubricants,centralized
lubricationsystems—theoryandpractice,conservationoflubricantsandenergy,storageandhandling,
andusedoilrecycling.Thebookalsocoverscriticalelementsofthereliabilitypuzzle,lubricationprogram
development and scheduling. Thus, this book covers from A to Z the key role of effective equipment
lubrication practices in a proactive reliability-based maintenance program and the best practices for
achievingmaximumcostreductionandtheinherentincreaseinreliability.
This volume was written by a peer-recognized team of expert contributors from a wide variety of
industrysegments.Eachchapterwaswrittenbyanexpertbothknowledgeableandactiveinthesubject
area.Thanksgototheseindividuals;withouttheirexpertiseandhardworkthisbookcouldnotbepossible.
Thanksmustalsogototheiremployersfortheirsupportofthiseffortandtheircontributiontoindustry.
Becauseofitsemphasisonthepracticeoflubricationengineering,thisbookisanexcellentreferencefor
thosepreparingforSTLE’sCertifiedLubricationSpecialist®certificationexamination.Assuch,ithasbeen
recommendedforthebodyofknowledgeforSTLE’sCertifiedLubricationSpecialistCertification.This
volumebelongsinthereferencelibraryofallmaintenancereliabilityprofessionalsandotherpractitioners
inthefield.
v
The Editors
RobertM.Gresham,PhD,isthedirectorofprofessionaldevelopmentoftheSocietyofTribologistsand
LubricationEngineers.Histechnicalconcentrationsincludemolecularphotochemistry,emulsionpoly-
merization,sizereduction,andsolidsclassificationaswellasthefieldoflubrication.Dr.Greshamgained
12yearsofpracticalexperiencewiththeDupontCompanyinabroadrangeoffunctionsincludingman-
ufacturing,customerservice,andpolymeranddyeresearch.Hehas17yearsexperienceinthefieldof
lubricationasvicepresidentoftechnologywithE/MCorporation,amanufacturerandapplicatorofsolid
filmlubricants.Hewasresponsiblefornewproductdevelopment,qualitycontrol,pilotplantproduction,
and grease and oil manufacturing. Dr. Gresham has been a member of STLE for more than 20 years,
serving as chairman of the Solid Lubricants Technical Committee, chairman of the Aerospace Indus-
tryCouncil,IndustryCouncilcoordinator,theHandbookCommittee,theboardofdirectors,treasurer,
andsecretaryofthesociety.HehasalsoservedonseveralASTMandSAEcommitteesconcernedwith
standardsandspecificationdevelopment.Dr.GreshamiscurrentlyresponsibleforSTLE’seducationand
certificationprograms.HereceivedhisPhDdegreeinorganicchemistryin1969fromEmoryUniversity
inAtlanta.
GeorgeE.Totten,PhD,isthepresidentofG.E.Totten&Associates,LLCinSeattle,Washington,anda
visitingprofessorofmaterialsscienceatPortlandStateUniversity.Dr.Tottenisco-editorofanumberof
booksincludingSteelHeatTreatmentHandbook,HandbookofAluminum,HandbookofHydraulicFluid
Technology,MechanicalTribology,andSurfaceModificationandMechanisms(alltitlesofCRCPress),aswell
astheauthororco-authorofover400technicalpapers,patents,andbooksonlubrication,hydraulics,and
thermalprocessing.Dr.TottenisaFellowofASMInternational,SAEInternational,andtheInternational
FederationforHeatTreatmentandSurfaceEngineering(IFHTSE),andamemberofotherprofessional
organizationsincludingACS,ASME,andASTM.Dr.TottenformerlyservedaspresidentofIFHTSE.He
receivedBachelor’sandMaster’sdegreesfromFairleighDickinsonUniversityinTeaneck,NewJersey,and
aPhDdegreefromNewYorkUniversity.
vii
Contributors
MarkBarnes JamesC.Fitch BarbaraJ.Parry
NoriaReliabilitySolutions NoriaCorporation NewaltaCorporation
NoriaCorporation Tulsa,OK NorthVancouver,Canada
Tulsa,OK
MalcolmF.Fox
JacekStecki
IETSI
SubseaEngineeringResearch
UniversityofLeeds
DennisW.Brinkman Group
Leeds,UK
IndianaWesleyanUniversity DepartmentofMechanical
Marion,IN Engineering
AyzikGrach MonashUniversity
LincolnIndustrial Melbourne,Australia
St.Louis,MO
MarkCastle
ChryslerCorporation MikeJohnson AllisonM.Toms
Kokomo,Indiana AdvancedMachineReliability GasTOPSInc.
Resources(AMRRI) Pensacola,FL
Franklin,TN
PaulConley RobertL.Johnson LarryA.Toms
LincolnIndustrial NoriaCorporation Consultant
St.Louis,MO Tulsa,OK Pensacola,FL
ix
