LSAT PrepTest 56

29 Pages·0.509 MB·English

by  LSAC

LSAT*
December 2009 - PrepTest 56
Better Scores. Better Schools.
*LSAT is the registered trademark of the Law School Admission Council, Inc.
Copyright © 2008 by Princeton Review, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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SECTIONI
Time—35minutes
23Questions
Directions: Each group of questions in this section is based on a set of conditions. In answering some of the questions, it may be
useful to draw a rough diagram. Choose the response that most accurately and completely answers each question and blacken
the corresponding space on your answer sheet.
Questions1–6 3. The earliest King’s audition could be scheduled to
begin is
Individualhour-longauditionswillbescheduledforeachof
sixsaxophonists—Fujimura,Gabrieli,Herman,Jackson, (A) 5 P.M.
King,andLauder.Theauditionswillalltakeplaceonthe (B) 4 P.M.
sameday.Eachauditionwillbeginonthehour,withthefirst (C) 3 P.M.
beginningat1P.M.andthelastat6P.M.Thescheduleof (D) 2 P.M.
auditionsmustconformtothefollowingconditions: (E) 1 P.M.
JacksonauditionsearlierthanHermandoes.
4. The order in which the saxophonists are scheduled to
GabrieliauditionsearlierthanKingdoes.
audition is completely determined if which one of the
Gabrieliauditionseitherimmediatelybeforeor
following is true?
immediatelyafterLauderdoes.
ExactlyoneauditionseparatestheauditionsofJackson (A) Herman’saudition isscheduled to begin at 4P.M.
andLauder. (B) Jackson’saudition isscheduled to begin at 1P.M.
(C) Jackson’saudition isscheduled to begin at 5 P.M.
1. Whichoneofthefollowingisanacceptableschedulefor (D) Lauder’s audition is scheduled to begin at 1 P.M.
theauditions,listedinorderfrom1P.M.through6P.M.? (E) Lauder’s audition is scheduled to begin at 2 P.M.
(A) Fujimura, Gabrieli, King, Jackson, Herman,
5. IfFujimura’sauditionisnotscheduledtobeginat1P.M.,
Lauder
which one of the following could be true?
(B) Fujimura, King, Lauder, Gabrieli, Jackson,
Herman (A) Herman’saudition isscheduled to begin at 6P.M.
(C) Fujimura, Lauder, Gabrieli, King, Jackson, (B) Gabrieli’saudition isscheduled to begin at 5 P.M.
Herman (C) Herman’saudition isscheduled to begin at 3P.M.
(D) Herman, Jackson, Gabrieli, Lauder, King, (D) Jackson’saudition isscheduled to begin at 2P.M.
Fujimura (E) Jackson’saudition isscheduled to begin at 5P.M.
(E) Jackson, Gabrieli, Lauder, Herman, King,
Fujimura 6. Which one of the following must be true?
(A) Gabrieli’s audition is scheduled to begin before
2. Which one of the following must be true?
5 P.M.
(A) Lauder is scheduled to audition earlier than (B) Herman’s audition is scheduled to begin after
Herman. 2 P.M.
(B) Lauder isscheduled to audition earlier than King. (C) Herman’s audition is scheduled to begin before
(C) Jackson’saudition isscheduled to begin at either 6 P.M.
1 P.M. or 5 P.M. (D) King’s audition is scheduled to begin before
(D) Fujimura and Jackson are not scheduled to 6 P.M.
audition in consecutive hours. (E) Lauder’s audition is scheduled to begin before
(E) GabrieliandKingarenotscheduledtoauditionin 5 P.M.
consecutivehours.
GOONTOTHENEXTPAGE.
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Questions7–11 9. If Heather helps move each of the pieces of furniture,
then which one of the following could be true?
Fourpeople—Grace,Heather,Josh,andMaria—willhelp
(A) Grace helps move the recliner.
eachothermoveexactlythreepiecesoffurniture—arecliner,
(B) Maria helps move the recliner.
asofa,andatable.Eachpieceoffurniturewillbemovedby
(C) Josh helps move the sofa.
exactlytwoofthepeople,andeachpersonwillhelpmoveat
(D) Maria helps move the sofa.
leastoneofthepiecesoffurniture,subjecttothefollowing
(E) Grace helps move the table.
constraints:
Gracehelpsmovethesofaif,butonlyif,Heatherhelps
10. Which one of the following could be a pair of people
movetherecliner.
who help each other move both the recliner and the
IfJoshhelpsmovethetable,thenMariahelpsmovethe
table?
recliner.
NopieceoffurnitureismovedbyGraceandJosh (A) Grace and Josh
together. (B) Grace and Maria
(C) Heather and Josh
7. Which one of the following could be an accurate (D) Heather and Maria
matching of each piece of furniture to the two people (E) Josh and Maria
who help each other move it?
11. If Josh and Maria help each other move the sofa, then
(A) recliner: Grace and Maria; sofa: Heather and
which one of the following could be true?
Josh; table: Grace and Heather
(B) recliner: Grace and Maria; sofa: Heather and (A) Heather and Josh help each other move the
Maria; table: Grace and Josh recliner.
(C) recliner: Heather and Josh; sofa: Grace and (B) Heather and Maria help each other move the
Heather; table: Josh and Maria recliner.
(D) recliner: Heather and Josh; sofa: Heather and (C) Grace and Josh help each other move the table.
Maria; table: Grace and Maria (D) Graceand Mariahelp each other movethetable.
(E) recliner: Josh and Maria; sofa: Grace and (E) HeatherandMariahelpeachothermovethe
Heather; table: Grace and Maria table.
8. IfJoshandMariahelpeachothermovetherecliner,then
whichoneofthefollowingmustbetrue?
(A) Heather helps move the sofa.
(B) Josh helps move the sofa. GOONTOTHENEXTPAGE.
(C) Maria helps move the sofa.
(D) Grace helps move the table.
(E) Heather helps move the table.
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Questions12–16 14. If both parks are planted with sycamores, which one of
the following could be true?
Atownhasexactlytwopublicparks—GraystoneParkand
(A) The number of the parks planted with maples is
LandingPark—whicharetobeplantedwithNorthAmerican
equal to the number of the parks planted with
trees.Thereareexactlyfourvarietiesoftreesavailable—
oaks.
maples,oaks,sycamores,andtamaracks.Theplantingofthe
(B) The number of the parks planted with maples is
treesmustbeinaccordwiththefollowing:
greater than the number of the parks planted
Eachoftheparksisplantedwithexactlythreeofthe
with sycamores.
varieties.
(C) The number of the parks planted with oaks is
Atleastoneoftheparksisplantedwithbothmaplesand
equal to the number of the parks planted with
sycamores.
sycamores.
Anyparkthatisplantedwithoakswillalsobeplanted
(D) Graystone Park is planted with both maples and
withtamaracks.
oaks.
GraystoneParkisplantedwithmaples.
(E) Landing Park is planted with both maples and
12. Which one of the following could be a complete and oaks.
accurate list of the varieties of trees planted in each of
15. Which one of the following must be false?
the parks?
(A) Both parks are planted with oaks.
(A) Graystone Park: maples, oaks, sycamores
(B) Both parks are planted with sycamores.
Landing Park: maples, oaks, sycamores
(C) Both parks are planted with tamaracks.
(B) Graystone Park: maples, oaks, tamaracks
(D) Exactly one of the parks is planted with maples.
Landing Park: maples, oaks, tamaracks
(E) Exactly one of the parks is planted with
(C) Graystone Park: maples, sycamores, tamaracks
sycamores.
Landing Park: maples, oaks, sycamores
(D) Graystone Park: maples, sycamores, tamaracks
16. Which one of the following could be true?
Landing Park: maples, oaks, tamaracks
(E) Graystone Park: oaks, sycamores, tamaracks (A) The number of the parks planted with oaks is
Landing Park: maples, sycamores, tamaracks equal to the number of the parks planted with
tamaracks.
13. Which one of the following must be true? (B) The number of the parks planted with oaks is
greater than the number of the parks planted
(A) Graystone Park is planted with sycamores.
with sycamores.
(B) Landing Park is planted with maples.
(C) Exactly one of the parks is planted with
(C) Landing Park is planted with tamaracks.
tamaracks.
(D) The number of the parks planted with maples is
(D) Neither park is planted with tamaracks.
equal to the number of the parks planted with
(E) Both parks contain exactly the same three
sycamores.
varieties of trees as each other.
(E) The number of the parks planted with maples is
greater than the number of the parks planted
with sycamores.
GOONTOTHENEXTPAGE.
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Questions17–23 19. If one of the site visits includes both Quinn and
Sasada, which one of the following could be true?
Fiveexecutives—Quinn,Rodriguez,Sasada,Taylor,and
(A) The Farmington visit is the first of the three site
Vandercar—arebeingscheduledtomakesitevisitstothree
visits.
oftheircompany’smanufacturingplants—Farmington,
(B) TheHomesteadvisitisthesecondofthethree
Homestead,andMorningside.Eachsitewillbevisitedbyat
sitevisits.
leastoneoftheexecutivesandeachexecutivewillvisitjust
(C) One of the site visits includes only Vandercar.
onesite.Eachofthethreesitevisitswilltakeplaceona
(D) ThesecondofthethreesitevisitsincludesSasada.
differentday.Thescheduleofsitevisitsmustconformtothe
(E) The second of the three site visits includes
followingrequirements:
exactly two of the executives.
TheFarmingtonvisitmusttakeplacebeforethe
Homesteadvisit.
20. The executives who visit Homestead CANNOTbe
TheFarmingtonvisitwillincludeonlyoneofthe
executives. (A) Quinn and Vandercar only
ThesitevisitthatincludesQuinnmusttakeplacebefore (B) Rodriguez and Taylor only
anysitevisitthatincludeseitherRodriguezorTaylor. (C) Sasada and Taylor only
ThesitevisitthatincludesSasadacannottakeplaceafter (D) Quinn, Sasada, and Vandercar
anysitevisitthatincludesVandercar. (E) Rodriguez, Sasada, and Taylor
17. Which one of the following could be the executives 21. If the Morningside visit includes both Quinn and
included in each of the site visits, with the sites listed Vandercar, which one of the following could be true?
in the order in which they are visited?
(A) One of the site visits includes both Rodriguez
(A) Farmington: Quinn and Sasada.
Homestead: Rodriguez, Sasada (B) The second of the three site visits includes
Morningside: Taylor, Vandercar exactly three of the executives.
(B) Farmington: Quinn (C) The last of the three site visits includes exactly
Homestead: Rodriguez, Vandercar three of the executives.
Morningside: Sasada, Taylor (D) The Homestead visit takes place earlier than the
(C) Farmington: Rodriguez Morningside visit.
Morningside: Quinn, Taylor (E) The Morningside visit takes place earlier than
Homestead: Sasada, Vandercar the Farmington visit.
(D) Homestead: Sasada
Farmington: Quinn 22. Which one of the following must be true?
Morningside: Rodriguez, Taylor, Vandercar
(A) The Farmington visit takes place earlier than the
(E) Morningside: Quinn
Morningside visit.
Farmington: Rodriguez, Sasada
(B) The site visit that includes Vandercar takes
Homestead: Taylor, Vandercar
place earlier than the site visit that includes
Rodriguez.
18. IfthesecondofthethreesitevisitsincludesbothRodriguez
(C) One of the first two site visits includes Sasada.
andTaylor,whichoneofthefollowingmustbetrue?
(D) The second of the three site visits includes at
(A) The Farmington visit includes Quinn. least two of the executives.
(B) The Homestead visit includes Vandercar. (E) At least one of the first two site visits includes
(C) The Morningside visit includes Sasada. only one of the executives.
(D) ThesecondofthethreesitevisitsincludesSasada.
(E) The second of the three site visits includes 23. If the Farmington visit includes Sasada, which one of
exactly three of the executives. the following must be true?
(A) One of the site visits includes exactly three of
the executives.
(B) The last of the three site visits includes
Rodriguez.
(C) The Homestead visit includes Quinn.
(D) The Morningside visit includes Taylor.
(E) The site visit that includes Vandercar also
includes Quinn.
S T O P
IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, YOU MAY CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS SECTION ONLY.
DO NOT WORK ON ANY OTHER SECTION IN THE TEST.
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SECTIONII
Time—35minutes
25Questions
Directions: The questions in this section are based on the reasoning contained in brief statements or passages. For some
questions, more than one of the choices could conceivably answer the question. However, you are to choose the best answer; that
is, the response that most accurately and completely answers the question. You should not make assumptions that are by
commonsense standards implausible, superfluous, or incompatible with the passage. After you have chosen the best answer,
blacken the corresponding space on your answer sheet.
1. This region’s swimmers generally swimduring the day 3. Acme Corporation offers unskilled workers excellent
because they are too afraid of sharks to swimafter dark opportunities for advancement. As evidence, consider
but feel safe swimming during daylight hours. Yet all the fact that the president of the company, Ms. Garon,
recent shark attacks on swimmers in the area have worked as an assembly line worker, an entry-level
occurred during the day, indicating that, contrary to position requiring no special skills, when she first
popular opinion, it is not more dangerous to swimhere started at Acme.
at night than during the day.
Which one of the following statements, if true, most
The reasoning in the argument is most vulnerable to weakens the reasoning above?
criticismon the grounds that it
(A) Acme’s vice president of operations also
(A) overlooks the possibility that some sharks are worked as an assembly line worker when he
primarily nocturnal hunters first started at Acme.
(B) bases its conclusion on evidence from an (B) Acme regularly hires top graduates of business
unreliable source schools and employs them briefly in each of a
(C) overlooks the possibility that swimmersmight succession of entry-level positions before
feel anxiety caused by not being able to see promoting them to management.
one’s surroundings in the dark (C) Acme promotes its own employees to senior
(D) presumes, without providing justification, that managementpositions much more frequently
swimmerscannot be the most knowledgeable than it hires senior managers from other
about which times of day are safest for companies.
swimming (D) Ms. Garon worked at Acme for more than
(E) fails to take into account the possibility that the 20 years before she was promoted to president.
number of shark attacks at night would (E) Acme pays entry-level employees slightly
increase dramatically if more people swam at higher wages than most other businesses in the
night same industry.
2. Denise:Crimewillbereducedonlywhenpunishmentis
certainandissufficientlyseveretogiveanyone
consideringcommittingacrimereasontodecide
againstdoingso.
GOONTOTHENEXTPAGE.
Reshmi:No,crimewillbemosteffectivelyreducedif
educationalopportunitiesaremadereadily
availabletoeveryone,sothatthosewhoonce
viewedcriminalactivityastheonlymeansof
securingacomfortablelifestylewillchoosea
differentpath.
Their dialogue provides the most support for the claim
that Denise and Reshmi agree that
(A) people are capable of choosing whether or not
to commitcrimes
(B) crime is the most important issue facing modern
society
(C) reducing crime requires fair and consistent
responses to criminal behavior
(D) crimes are committedin response to economic
need
(E) reducing crime requires focusing on assured
punishments
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4. The song of the yellow warbler signals to other yellow 6. Dietitian:Highconsumptionofsodiumincreasessome
warblers that a particular area has been appropriated by people’schancesofdevelopingheartdisease.To
the singer as its own feeding territory. Although the maintaincardiachealthwithoutloweringsodium
singing deters other yellow warblers fromtaking over consumption,therefore,thesepeopleshouldeat
the feeding territory of the singer, other yellow warblers fresh,ratherthancannedorfrozen,fruitand
may range for food within a portion of the singer’s vegetables,sincethepotassiuminplantfoods
territory. However, a warbler sings a special song when helpstopreventsodium’smaligneffects.
it molts (sheds its feathers). Other yellow warblers will
Which one of the following is an assumption required
not enter the smaller core territory of a yellow warbler
by the dietitian’s argument?
singing its molting song. Therefore yellow warblers,
which can only fly short distances during molting, have (A) Fresh fruits and vegetables contain more
no competition for the food supply within the range of potassium than sodium.
their restricted flying. (B) Food processing businesses often add sodium to
foods being canned or frozen.
The argument makes which one of the following
(C) Potassium is the only mineral that helps to
assumptions?
prevent sodium’s malign effects.
(A) The core areas contain just enough food to (D) Potassium in fruits and vegetables has few
sustain one yellow warbler while it molts. negative side effects.
(B) Warblers are the only molting birds that lay (E) Fresh fruits and vegetables contain more
claim to core areas of feeding territories by potassium than do canned or frozen ones.
singing.
(C) There are no birds other than yellow warblers 7. Dana intentionally watered the plant every other day.
that compete with yellow warblers for food. But since the plant was a succulent, and needed dry soil,
(D) Warblers often share their feeding areas with the frequent watering killed the plant. Therefore Dana
other kinds of birds, which often do not eat the intentionally killed the plant.
same insects or seeds as warblers do.
Which one of the following arguments exhibits a flawed
(E) The core areas of each feeding territory are the
pattern of reasoning most similar to the flawed pattern
same size for each molting warbler.
of reasoning exhibited in the argument above?
5. Chinh:Televisionproducersshouldnotpayattentionto (A) Jack stole $10 from Kelly and bet it on a race.
thepreferencesoftheviewingpublicwhen The bet returned $100 to Jack. Therefore Jack
makingcreativedecisions.Greatpaintersdonot really stole $100 from Kelly.
considerwhatthemuseum-goingpublicwantsto (B) Celeste knows that coffee is grown in the
see. mountains in Peru and that Peru is in South
Lana:Buttelevisionisexpresslyfortheviewingpublic. America. Therefore Celeste should know that
SoaproducerismorelikeaCEOthanlikean coffee is grown in South America.
artist.Justasacompanywouldbefoolhardynot (C) The restaurant owner decided to take an item
toconsiderconsumers’tasteswhendeveloping off her restaurant’s menu. This decision
products,theTVproducermustconsiderviewers’ disappointed Jerry because that item was his
preferences. favorite dish. Therefore the restaurant owner
decided to disappoint Jerry.
According to Lana, Chinh’s argument is flawed in that it
(D) The heavy rain caused the dam to break, and
(A) is circular the breaking of the dam caused the fields
(B) relies on a sample of consumers that is downstream to be flooded. Therefore the heavy
unrepresentative of consumers in general rain caused the flooding of the fields.
(C) infers from the effect produced by an action (E) The power plant raised the water temperature,
that the action is intended to produce that and whatever raised the water temperature is
effect responsible for the decrease in fish. Therefore
(D) fails to consider the possibility that painters the power plant is responsible for the decrease
may in fact try to please the museum-going in fish.
public
(E) offers a faulty analogy
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8. This boulder is volcanic in origin and yet the rest of the 10. Critic:Theidealizedworldportrayedinromance
rock in this area is sedimentary. Since this area was literatureisdiametricallyopposedtothedebased
covered by southward-moving glaciers during the last worldportrayedinsatiricalliterature.
ice age, this boulder was probably deposited here, Nevertheless,themajorcharactersinbothtypes
hundreds of miles fromits geological birthplace, by a ofworkshavemoralqualitiesthatreflectthe
glacier. worldsinwhichtheyarepresented.Comedyand
tragedy,meanwhile,requirethatthemoral
Which one of the following, if true, most seriously
qualitiesofmajorcharacterschangeduringthe
undermines the conclusion drawn in the argument
courseoftheaction.Therefore,neithertragedy
above?
norcomedycanbeclassifiedassatiricalliterature
(A) Most boulders that have been moved by glaciers orromanceliterature.
have not been moved more than 100 miles.
The critic’s conclusion follows logically if which one of
(B) The closest geological source of volcanic rock
the following is assumed?
is 50 miles south of this boulder.
(C) The closest geological source of volcanic rock (A) Some characters in comedies and tragedies are
is 50 miles north of this boulder. neither debased nor idealized.
(D) There are no geological sources of volcanic (B) The visions of the world portrayed in works of
rock north of this boulder. tragedy and works of comedy change during
(E) No other boulders of volcanic origin exist the course of the action.
within 50 miles of this boulder. (C) If a character in a tragedy is idealized at the
beginning of the action depicted in the tragedy,
9. Rifka:Wedonotneedtostopandaskfordirections.We he or she must be debased at the end.
wouldnotneedtodothatunless,ofcourse,we (D) In romance literature and satirical literature,
werelost. characters’moral qualities do not change
Craig:Thefactthatwearelostispreciselywhywe during the course of the action.
needtostop. (E) Both comedy and tragedy require that the moral
qualities of minor characters change during the
In the exchange above, the function of Craig’s comment
course of the action.
is to
(A) contradict the conclusion of Rifka’s argument 11. Lance:Ifexperienceteachesusnothingelse,itteaches
without offering any reason to reject any of usthateverygeneralrulehasatleastone
Rifka’s implicit premises exception.
(B) deny one of Rifka’s implicit premises and Frank:Whatyouconcludeisitselfageneralrule.Ifwe
thereby arrive at a different conclusion assumethatitistrue,thenthereisatleastone
(C) imply that Rifka’s argument is invalid by generalrulethathasnoexceptions.Therefore,
accepting the truth of its premises while youmustwithdrawyourconclusion.
rejecting its conclusion
Frank’s argument is an attempt to counter Lance’s
(D) provide a counterexample to Rifka’s
conclusion by
generalization
(E) affirm the truth of the stated premise of Rifka’s (A) demonstrating that Lance assumesthe very
argument while remaining noncommittalabout thing he sets out to prove
its conclusion (B) showing that Lance’s conclusion involves him
in a contradiction
(C) showing that no general rule can have
exceptions
(D) establishing that experience teaches us the
opposite of what Lance concludes
(E) showing that it has no implications for any real
cases
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12. Throughout a certain nation, electricity has actually 14. Psychologist:Weasked100entrepreneursand
become increasingly available to people in urban areas 100businessmanagerstoanswervariousquestions
while energy production has been subsidized to help andratehowconfidenttheywerethattheir
residents of rural areas gain access to electricity. responseswerecorrect.Whilemembersofeach
However, even with the subsidy, many of the most groupwereoverconfident,ingeneralthe
isolated rural populations still have no access to entrepreneursweremuchmoresothanthe
electricity. Thus, the energy subsidy has failed to businessmanagers.Thisindicatesthatpeople
achieve its intended purpose. whoareespeciallyoverconfidentaremorelikely
toattempttostartabusinessinspiteofthe
The reasoning in the argument is most vulnerable to
enormousoddsagainstsuccessthanpeoplewho
criticismon the grounds that the argument
arelessconfident.
(A) takes for granted that the subsidy’s intended
Which one of the following, if true, lends the most
purpose could have been achieved if the
support to the psychologist’s conclusion?
subsidy had not existed
(B) takes for granted that if a subsidy has any (A) The questions asked of the entrepreneurs and
benefit for those whom it was not intended to business managers included personal, political,
benefit, then that subsidy has failed to achieve and business questions.
its intended purpose (B) At least some of the entrepreneurs surveyed had
(C) presumes, without providing justification, that accurately determined before attempting to
the intended purpose of the subsidy was to start their businesses what the odds were
benefit not only rural populations in the nation against their attempts being successful.
who have no electricity, but other people in the (C) Another survey showed that degree of
nation as well confidence was highly correlated with success
(D) overlooks the possibility that even many of the in business.
people in the nation who live in urban areas (D) The business managers who were most
would have difficulty gaining access to overconfident were found to have attempted to
electricity without the subsidy start businesses in the past.
(E) fails to take into account that the subsidy could (E) How confident each person surveyed was that
have helped many of the rural residents in the his or her answers to the questions asked were
nation gain access to electricity even if many correct corresponded closely to that person’s
other rural residents in the nation were not confidence in his or her business acumen.
helped in this way
13. Heart attacks are most likely to occur on Mondays. The
accepted explanation is that because Monday is the first
day of the workweek, people feel more stress on
GOONTOTHENEXTPAGE.
Mondays than on other days. However, research shows
that even unemployed retired people are more likely to
have heart attacks on Mondays than on other days.
Which one of the following, if true, most helps to
explain the increased likelihood that an unemployed
retiree will have a heart attack on a Monday?
(A) Because they associate Monday with work,
retired people are more likely to begin large
projects on Mondays.
(B) Many retired people take up part-time jobs after
they retire from their careers.
(C) People seldom change their dietary and other
health habits after retirement.
(D) Stress is the major factor influencing the risk of
heart attack.
(E) Unemployed retired people are even more likely
to have heart attacks than are people who have
jobs.
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15. If Agnes’s research proposal is approved, the 17. Glen:Anemphasisonlaw’spurelyproceduralside
fourth-floor lab must be cleaned out for her use. producesaconcernwithpersonalrightsthatleads
Immanuel’s proposal, on the other hand, requires less totheindividual’sindifferencetosociety’s
space. So if his proposal is approved, he will continue welfare.Law’sprimaryroleshouldbetocreate
to work in the second-floor lab. Only those proposals virtuouscitizens.
the director supports will be approved. So since the Sara:Butsucharolewouldencouragegovernmentto
director will support both proposals, the fourth-floor lab decidewhichmodesoflifearetrulyvirtuous;that
must be cleaned out. wouldbemoredangerousthangovernment’s
The argument’s reasoning is flawed because the beingoverprotectiveofindividuals’rights.
argument The dialogue provides the most support for the claim
(A) presumes, without providing justification, that that Glen and Sara disagree about whether
the fourth-floor lab is bigger than the (A) citizens can be assumed to be capable of
second-floor lab making good choices without governmental
(B) fails to consider the possibility that a proposal interference
will be rejected even with the director’s (B) virtuousness on the part of citizens is more
support important than the protection of citizens’rights
(C) presumes, without providing justification, that (C) there is an inherent danger in allowing
the director will support both proposals with government to decide what constitutes virtuous
equal enthusiasm behavior among citizens
(D) fails to consider the possibility that Immanuel (D) an emphasis on law’s purely procedural side
will want to move to a bigger lab once his results in government’s being overprotective of
proposal is approved citizens’rights
(E) presumes, without providing justification, that (E) the cultivation of virtue among citizens should
no lab other than the fourth-floor lab would be be the primary role of law
adequate for Agnes’s research
16. In order to expand its mailing lists for e-mail
advertising, the Outdoor Sports Company has been
offering its customers financial incentives if they
provide the e-mail addresses of their friends. However, GOONTOTHENEXTPAGE.
offering such incentives is an unethical business
practice, because it encourages people to exploit their
personal relationships for profit, which risks damaging
the integrity of those relationships.
Which one of the following principles, if valid, most
helps to justify the reasoning in the argument?
(A) It is unethical for people to exploit their
personal relationships for profit if in doing so
they risk damaging the integrity of those
relationships.
(B) If it would be unethical to use information that
was gathered in a particular way, then it is
unethical to gather that information in the first
place.
(C) It is an unethical business practice for a
company to deliberately damage the integrity
of its customers’personal relationships in any
way.
(D) It is unethical to encourage people to engage in
behavior that could damage the integrity of
their personal relationships.
(E) Providing a friend’s personal information to a
company in exchange for a financial reward
will almost certainly damage the integrity of
one’s personal relationship with that friend.