Lovell and Winter’s Pediatric Orthopaedics, Level 1 and 2

1964 Pages·2013·76.93 MB·English

by  Stuart L. Weinstein

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L O V E L L A N D W I N T E R ’ S
Pediatric
Orthopaedics
S E V E N T H E D I T I O N
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L O V E L L A N D W I N T E R ’ S
Pediatric
Orthopaedics
S E V E N T H E D I T I O N
VOLUME 1
EDITORS
Stuart L. Weinstein, MD
Ignacio V. Ponseti Chair and Professor
of Orthopaedic Surgery
Professor of Pediatrics
University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics
Iowa City, Iowa
John M. (Jack) Flynn, MD
Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery
University of Pennsylvania
Associate Chief of Orthopaedic Surgery
The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Lovell and Winter’s pediatric orthopaedics. — 7th ed. / editors, Stuart L. Weinstein, John M. Flynn.
p. ; cm.
Pediatric orthopaedics
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-60547-814-2 (hardback)
I. Lovell, Wood W., 1915- II. Weinstein, Stuart L. III. Flynn, John M.. IV. Title: Pediatric orthopaedics.
[DNLM: 1. Orthopedics. 2. Adolescent. 3. Child. 4. Infant. WS 270]
616.70083—dc23
2012017197
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10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
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C O N T R I B U T O R S
Michael C. Ain, MD Michael T. Busch, MD
Associate Professor Chief Executive Officer, Children’s Orthopaedics of Atlanta
Department of Orthopaedic and Neurosurgery Orthopaedic Surgery Fellowship Director, Children’s
Johns Hopkins Hospital Healthcare of Atlanta
Baltimore, Maryland Surgical Director of Sports Medicine, Children’s Healthcare
of Atlanta
Benjamin A. Alman, MD, FRCSC Atlanta, Georgia
Distinguished James R. Urbaniak Professor
Chair, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Haemish Crawford, FRACS
Duke University Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgeon
Durham, North Carolina Department of Orthopaedics
Starship Children’s Hospital
Alexandre Arkader, MD Auckland, New Zealand
Assistant Professor of Clinical Orthopaedic Surgery
University of Southern California Keck School Luciano Dias, MD
of Medicine Professor
Director, Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Program Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
Children’s Orthopaedic Center Feinberg School of Medicine
Children’s Hospital Los Angeles Northwestern University
Los Angeles, California Attending Physician
Department of Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery
David D. Aronsson, MD Medical Director
Professor Motion Analysis Center
Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation and Children’s Memorial Hospital
Department of Pediatrics Chicago, Illinois
University of Vermont College of Medicine
Burlington, Vermont Matthew B. Dobbs, MD
Professor
Donald S. Bae, MD Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
Associate Professor Washington University School of Medicine
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery St. Louis Children’s Hospital and Shriners Hospital
Harvard Medical School for Children – St. Louis
Associate in Orthopaedic Surgery St. Louis, Missouri
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
Boston Children’s Hospital John P. Dormans, MD
Boston, Massachusetts The Richard M. Armstrong Jr. Endowed Chair in Pediatric
Orthopaedic Surgery
Frank R. Berenson, MD Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery at the University of
Pediatric and Adolescent NeuroDevelopmental Pennsylvania School of Medicine
Associates and Atlanta Headache Specialists Chief of Orthopaedic Surgery
Atlanta, Georgia The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
Division of Orthopaedic Surgery
Richard E. Bowen, MD Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Clinical Professor
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Amy L. Dunn, MD
Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Associate Professor of Pediatrics
Orthopaedic Institute for Children Emory University/Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta
Los Angeles, California Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Service
Atlanta, Georgia
v
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vi CONTRIBUTORS
Georges Y. El-Khoury, MD H. Kerr Graham, MD, FRCS(Ed), FRACS
Professor Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery
Department of Radiology and Orthopaedics The University of Melbourne
University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon/Director of Hugh
Director, Musculoskeletal Section Williamson Gait Analysis Laboratory
Department of Radiology and Orthopaedics The Royal Children’s Hospital
University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics Murdoch Childrens Research Institute
Iowa City, Iowa Parkville, Victoria, Australia
John M. Flynn, MD
Matthew A. Halanski, MD
Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery
Associate Professor, Pediatric Orthopedics
University of Pennsylvania
Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation
Associate Chief of Orthopaedic Surgery
University of Wisconsin
The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
Madison, Wisconsin
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Martin J. Herman, MD
Steven Frick, MD
Associate Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery and Pediatrics
Professor
Drexel University College of Medicine
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
St. Christopher’s Hospital for Children
University of Florida College of Medicine
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
Chair
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
Nemours Children’s Hospital Andrew W. Howard, MD, MSc, FRCSC
Orlando, Florida Director, Office of International Surgery
Medical Director, Trauma Program
Theodore J. Ganley, MD Associate Professor
Director of Sports Medicine Departments of Surgery and Health Policy,
The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia Management, and Evaluation
Associate Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Toronto
The University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine The Hospital for Sick Children
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Mark C. Gebhardt, MD
Robert M. Kay, MD
Frederick W. and Jane M. Ilfeld Professor of Orthopaedics
Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery
Departmeny of Orthopaedic Surgery
Keck University of Southern California School of Medicine
Harvard Medical School
Vice Chief
Orthopaedic Surgeon-in-Chief
Children’s Orthopaedic Center
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
Children’s Hospital – Los Angeles
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Los Angeles, California
Boston, Massachusetts
Geetika Khanna, MD
Michael J. Goldberg, MD
Associate Professor, Radiology
Director, Skeletal Health Program
St. Louis Children’s Hospital
Chief
Mallinckrodt Institute for Radiology
Skeletal Dysplasia Clinics
Washington University School of Medicine
Orthopaedic Surgeon
St. Louis, Missouri
Department of Orthopaedics
Seattle Children’s Hospital
Young-Jo Kim, MD, PhD
Seattle, Washington
Associate Professor
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
J. Eric Gordon, MD
Harvard Medical School
Professor
Director
Department of Orthopaedics
Child and Adult Hip Program
Washington University in St. Louis
Boston Children’s Hospital
School of Medicine
Boston, Massachusetts
St. Louis, Missouri
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CONTRIBUTORS vii
Mininder S. Kocher, MD, MPH Yusuf Menda, MD
Professor Associate Professor
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Clinical Director, PET Center
Harvard Medical School Department of Radiology
Associate Director University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics
Division of Sports Medicine Iowa City, Iowa
Children’s Hospital – Boston
Boston, Massachusetts José A. Morcuende, MD, PhD
Professor
Lawrence G. Lenke, MD Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and
Jerome J. Gilden Distinguished Professor of Rehabilitation and Department of Pediatrics
Orthopaedic Surgery University of Iowa
Professor of Neurosurgery Iowa City, Iowa
Chief of Spinal Surgery
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Vincent S. Mosca, MD
Washington University Professor of Orthopaedics
St. Louis, Missouri Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine
University of Washington School of Medicine
Jennifer W. Lisle, MD Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgeon
Assistant Professor Director, Pediatric Orthopaedic Fellowship
Department of Orthopaedics and Seattle Children’s Hospital
Rehabilitation Seattle, Washington
The University of Vermont College of
Medicine Peter O. Newton, MD
Chief, Pediatric Orthopaedics Clinical Professor
Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Health Care Service Department of Orthopaedics
Fletcher Allen Health Care University of California at San Diego
Burlington, Vermont Chief of Orthopedics, Medical Practice
Foundation
Randall T. Loder, MD Rady Children’s Hospital
George J. Garceau Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery San Diego, California
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
Indiana University Kenneth J. Noonan, MD
Director of Pediatric Orthopaedics Chief, Pediatric Orthopaedics
James Whitcomb Riley Children’s Hospital University of Wisconsin
Indianapolis, Indiana Madison, Wisconsin
Scott J. Luhmann, MD Tom F. Novacheck, MD
Associate Professor Adjunct Associate Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery
Department of Orthopaedics University of Minnesota
Washington University School of Director, Jarmes R Gage Center for Gait and Motion
Medicine Analysis
Chief of Spine Surgery Gillette Children’s Specialty Healthcare
Department of Orthopaedics St. Paul, Minnesota
Shriner’s Hospital for Children – St. Louis
St. Louis, Missouri Norman Y. Otsuka, MD
Joseph E. Milgram Professor
James J. McCarthy, MD Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
Associate Professor New York University
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Director, Center for Children
Cincinnati Children’s Hospital NYU Langone Hospital for Joint Diseases
Director New York, New York
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
Cincinnati, Ohio
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viii CONTRIBUTORS
Alexander K. Powers, MD Kit Song, MD, MHA
Assistant Professor Clinical Professor
Department of Neurosurgery, Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery
and Pediatrics UCLA School of Medicine
Wake Forest University School of Medicine Chief of Staff
Winston-Salem, North Carolina Shriners Hospitals for Children – Los Angeles
Los Angeles, California
Margaret M. Rich, MD
Orthopaedic Surgeon David L. Skaggs, MD, MMM
Shriners Hospital for Children – St. Louis Professor and Chief of Orthopaedic Surgery
St. Louis, Missouri Children’s Hospital Los Angeles
University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine
James O. Sanders, MD
Children’s Hospital Chair of Pediatric Spinal Disorders
Professor of Orthopaedics and Pediatrics
Los Angeles, California
Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation
University of Rochester
Paul D. Sponseller, MD, MBA
Chief, Division of Pediatrics
Sponseller Professor and Head, Pediatric Orthopaedics
Golisano Children’s Hospital at Strong
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Children’s Center
Rochester, New York
Baltimore, Maryland
Jeffrey R. Sawyer, MD
Associate Professor Anthony A. Stans, MD
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Consultant
University of Tennessee Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
Campbell Clinic Mayo Clinic
Le Bonheur Children’s Hospital Rochester, Minnesota
Memphis, Tennessee
Vineeta T. Swaroop, MD
Perry L. Schoenecker, MD Instructor of Orthopaedic Surgery
Professor Northwestern University
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Feinberg School of Medicine
Chief Children’s Memorial Hospital
Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics Chicago, Illinois
Shriners Hospital for Children – St. Louis
St. Louis, Missouri
Pam Thomason, BPhty, M Physio
Senior Physiotherapist and Manager
Suken A. Shah, MD
Hugh Williamson Gait Analysis Laboratory
Division Chief, Spine and Scoliosis Service
The Royal Children’s Hospital – Melbourne
Clinical Fellowship Director
Parkville, Victoria, Australia
Attending Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgeon
Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children
George H. Thompson, MD
Wilmington, Delaware
Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery and Pediatrics
Associate Professor
Case Western Reserve University
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
Director, Pediatric Orthopaedics
Jefferson Medical College of Thomas
Rainbow Babies & Children’s Hospital
Jefferson University
Vice-Chairman, Department of Orthopaedics
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
University Hospitals Case Medical Center
Ernest L. Sink, MD Cleveland, Ohio
Associate Professor
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery William C. Warner Jr, MD
Weil Cornell Medical School Professor of Orthopaedics
Hospital for Special surgery Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
New York, New York University of Tennessee
Campbell Clinic
Le Bonheur Children’s Hospital
Memphis, Tennessee
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