Looking Ahead

320 Pages·2010·8.36 MB·English

BIBLIOGRABIHBICIO DGAAAPTTIA CSSHHEEETTP N-AAJ-753 I. CONTROL NUMBER 2.SAUABJSE0C-r0 C0L0A0S-S0IF0I0C ATION (695)
(240)
3. TITLE AND SUBTTLE
Annual report, t979/80

4. PERSONAL AUTHORS (100)
5. CORPORATE AUTHORS (101)
Int. Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics

6.DOCUMENTDATE ( 10) 17.NUMBER OF PAGES (120) 8. ARC NUMBER (170)
1981 | 318p.
633..I61d 1979/80

9.REFERENCEORGANIZATION (130)

ICRISAT

10.SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES(500)

11. ABSTRACT(950)

12.DESCRIPTORS (920)
13.PROJECT NUMBER(150)

Agricultural research Sorghum
931097200

Agricultural economics Pearl millet
1097200

Semiarid land Chick peas
14.CONTRACT(NO.(140) 15.CONTRA

Tropics Pigeon peas
AID/ta-G-1499

eausFarming systemsAI/a-49
Peanuts
16.TYPE OF DOCUMENT (160)
52
AID 590-7 (10-79)
ICRISAT

ANNUAL REPORT 1979/80

International Crops Research Institu-*. for the Semi-Arid Tropics

ICRISAT Patancheru P.O., Andhra Pradesh 502 324, India
ICRISAT

ANNUAL REPORT 1979/80

International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics

ICRISAT Patancheru P.O.

Andhra Pradesh 502 324, India
Published by

International Crops Research Institute

for the Semi-Arid Tropics

ICRISAT Patancheru P.O.

Andhra Pradesh 502324, India

The International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) is
a nonprofit scientific educational institute receiving support from a variety of donors,
governments, and foundations. All responsibility for the information in this publica­
tion rests with ICRISAT. Where trade names are used this does not constitute
endorsement of or discrimination against any product by the Institute.
The correct citation for this report is ICRISAT (international Crops Research
Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics). 1981. Annual Report 1979 /80. Patancheru, A.P.
India: ICRISAT.
ICRISAT's Objectives

To serve as a world center to improve the yield and nutritional
quality of sorghum, pearl millet, pigeonpea, chickpea, and ground­
nut.
To develop farming systems which will help to increase and stabilize
agricultural production through better use of natural and human
resources in the seasonally dry semi-arid tropics.
To identify socioeconomic and other constraints to agricultural
development in the semi-arid tropics and to evaluate alternative
means of alleviating them through technological and institutional
changes.
To assist national and regional research programs through co­
operation and support and to contribute further by sponsoring con­
ferences, operating international training programs, and assisting
extension activities.
About This Report
This seventh Annual Report covers research by ICRISAT for the crop
year beginning 1 June 1979 and ending 31 May 1980. It includes work
done at ICRISAT Center near Hyderabad, India, at substations on
the campuses of agricultural universities in four different climatic
regions of India, and at national and international research facilities
in the nine countries of Africa, Latin America, and the Middle East
where ICRISAT scientists are posted.
Detailed reporting of the extensive activities of ICRISAT's many
research support units is beyond the scope of this volume, but a
comprehensive coverage of ICRISAT's core research programs is
included. For easier management of material, the year's activities
are, in general, reported unit by unit under individual research
programs; however, it should be borne in mind that most research
at ICRISAT is highly interdisciplinary and the scientists work in
teams. Their work is reported in more detail in individual program
publications, which usually are available from the particular re­
search program. Individual program offprints of this Annual Report
are also available.
Contents

ICRISAT Governing Board vii Microbiology 91
Looking Ahead 94
ICRISAT Senior Staff viii Publications 94
Acronyms and Abbreviations xii Pigeonpea 99
ICRISAT's Five Crops xiii International Trials 99
Breeding 99
Introduction 1 Biochemistry 103
Physiology 106
ICRISAT Center's Research Entomology 108
Environment 5 Pathology 114
Microbiology 117
Sorghum 11 Looking Ahead 122
Publications 122
International Yield Testing 11
Breeding 15 Groundnut 127
Biochemistry 26
Physiology 28 Breeding 127
Entomology 33 Cytogenetics 133
Pathology 36 Entomology 1411
Microbiology 40 Pathology 147
Looking Ahead 41 Microbiology 156
Publications 43 Looking Ahead 160
Publications 160
Pearl Millet 47
Farming Systems 165
International Trials 47
Breeding 47 Agroclimatology 165
Biochemistry 52 Environmental Physics 172
Physiology 53 Soil Fertility and Chemistry 178
Entomology 57 Land and Water Management 185
Pathology 58 Farm Pcwer and Equipment 192
Microbiology 65 Cropping Systems 199
Looking Ahead 67 Agronomy and Weed Science 218
Publications 68 On-Farm Watershed Research 223
Collaborative Studies 225
Chickpea 71 Looking Ahead 226
Publications 229
international Collaborative Research 71
Breeding 73 Economics 233
Biochemistry 78
Physiology 79 Village-Level Studies (VLS) 233
Entomology 84 Fertilizer Use in Semi-Arid
Pathology 88 Tropical India 235
v
Tenancy, Labor, and Builock Publications 259
Power 241
Human Nature and the Design of Inkernational Cooperation 263
Agricultural Technology 242
Markets for Hired Labor in VLS Introduction 263
Villages 244 Sorghum Cooperative Program 263
Villagers' Preferences for Pearl Millet Cooperative Program 275
Sorghum Qualities 245 Progress in Farming Systems 285
Market Efficiency for Crops in Economics Research 285
SAT India 247 Cooperation with Other Countries
Workshop on Yield Gap Analysis 247 in Africa 285
Looking Ahead 247 Asian Cooperative Programs 285
Publications 248 Cooperation with CIMMYT 286
Cooperation with ICARDA 286
Genetic Resources Unit 253 Fellowships and Training 288
Workshops, Conferences, and
Sorghum Germplasm 253 Seminars 293
Pearl Millet Germplasm 255 Visitors' Services 295
Pigeonpea Germplasm 256
Chickpea Germplasm 257 Support Services
Groundnut Germplasm 257
Minor Millets Germplasm 258 Plant Quarantine 296
Germplasm Distribution 258 Computer Serv-ces 302
Looking Ahead 25J Library and Documentation Services 304
vi
ICRISAT D-6236 Eschborn 1

1 Dag-Hammarskjold-weg

Governing Board
Postfach 5180

Federal Republic of Germany
Dr. C. F. Bentley (Chairman)
Mr. A. R. Melville

13103 - 66 Avenue
Spearpoint Cottage

Edmonton, Alberta
Kennington

Canada T6H 1Y6
Ashford, Kent

Uiaited Kingdom TN24 9QP
Dr. J. L. Dillon (as of Mar 1980)
Pro Vice Chancellor
Dr. J. H. Monyo
The University of New England
Chief, Research Development Centre
Armidale, NSW 2351
Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN
Australia
Via Delle Terme di Caracalla
00100 Rome
Dr. 0. P. Gautam (Vice Chairman, from Italy
Mar 1980)
Director General, ICAR and Mr. S. R. Ramamurthy, IAS

Secretary to the Government of India Chief Secretary

Department of Agricultural Research and Government of Andhra Pradesh

Education
Secretariat

Krishi Bhavan
Hyderabad 500 022

New Delhi 110 001
India

India
Dr. Djibril Sene (until Mar 1980)

Dr. Arne tHagberg Minister of Rural Development

The Swedish Seed Association Government of Senegal

S-26800 Svalov Dakar

Sweden Senegal

Dr. F.E. Hutchinson Dr. M.S. Swaminathan

Vice President for Research and Public Member, Planning Commission

Service Government of India

University of Maine Yojana Bhavan

21 Coburn Hall New Delhi 110 001

Orono, Maine 04469 India

USA

Dr. L. D. Swindale (Ex-officio member)

Dr. Iwao Kobori Director General, ICRISAT

Department of Geography ICRISAT Patancheru P. 0.

University of Tokyo Andhra Pradesh 502 324

Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku India

Tokyo
Japan Dr. Guy J. Vallaeys

Deputy Director General, IRAT

Dr. Klaus Lampe (until Mar 1980) 110 rue de l'Universit6

Deutsche Gesellschaft ftir Technische Paris 7

Zusammenarbeit GmbH France

vii
ICRISAT Senior Staff- L. K.Mughogho, Pr;ncipal Plant Pathologist
(from Oct 1979)
31 May 1980 J.M. Peacock, Principal Plant Physiologist
(from Nov 1979)
C.M. Pattanayak, Sorghum Breeder and
Administration Team Leader, Upper Volta
K. V. Ramaiah, StrigaPhysiologist,
L.D. Swindale, Director General Upper Volta
J. S. Kanwar, Director of Research W.A. Stoop, Agronomist, Upper Volta
R.C. McGinnis, Director FCr J.A. Frowd, Cereal Pathologist, Upper
International Cooperation (until Aug 1979) Volta
J. C. Davies, Director for K. F. Nwanze, Cereal Entomologist,
International Cooperation (from Aug 1979) Upper Volta (from Aug 1979)
Claide Charreau, Project Leader - J. F. Scheuring, Sorghum/Millet Breeder,
West Africa, Senegal Mali
B. F. Dittia, Principal Administrator Gbisa Ejeta, Sorghum Breeder, Sudan
V. Balasubramanian, Executive Assistant Vartan Guiragossian, Sorghum Breeder,
to the Director General Mexico
B. K. Johri, Personnel Manager (as of S. Z. Muku.u, Sorghum Breeder, Tanzania
Aug 1979) Bholanath Verma, Plant Breeder
N. S. L. Kumar, Personnel Manager (acting) D.S. Murty, Plant Breeder
(until Aug 1979) B. L. Agrawal, Plant Breeder
O.P.Shori, Fiscal Manager B.V.S. Reddy, Plant Breeder
A. Banerji, Assistant Manager (Fiscal) M.J. Vasudeva Rao, Plant Breeder
R. Vaidyanathan, Purchase and Stores (as of June 1979)
Manager N. Seetharama, Plant Physiologist
R. Seshadri, Assistant Manager R. K. Maiti, Plant Physiologist
(Purchase and Stores) K. N. Rao, Plant Pathologist
R. G. Rao, Records Manager S. R. S. Dange, Plant Pathologist
S. K. Dasgupta, Scientific Liaison Officer K.V. Seshu Reddy, Entomologist
(Visitors Services) H. C. Sharma, Entomologist (as of Dec 1979)
A. Lakshminarayana, Junior Scientific S. P. Jaya Kumar, Administrative Assistant
Liaison Officer (Visitors Services) (as of Mar 1980)
N. Suryaprakash Rao, Resident Medical
Officer (as of July 1979) Pearl Millet
S. Krishnan, Executive Assistant
(International Cooperation) D.J. Andrews, Principal Plant Breeder
S. B. C. M. Rao, Travel Officer and Leader (on sabbatic leave)
Col. P.W. Curtis, Security Officer R.J. Williams, Principal Plant Pathologist
R. Narsing Reddy, Transport Officer and Acting Leader (from Sept 1979)
N. Rajamani, Liaison Officer, New Delhi Aran Patanothai, Principal Plant Breeder
Office F.R. Bidinger, Principal Plant Physiologist
A. Lambert, Millet Breeder, Senegal
Research Programs (until May 1980)
R. T. Gahukar, Cereal Entomologist, Senegal
Sorghum P. K. Lawrence, Millet Breeder, Upper Volta
(until May 1980)
L. R. House, Principal Plant Breeder S. N. Lohani, Millet Breeder, Upper Volta
and Leader (from Sept 1979) (from May 1980)
viii