Table Of ContentLOGIC AND SCIENTIFIC METHODS
SYNTHESE LIBRARY
STUDIES IN EPISTEMOLOGY,
LOGIC, METHODOLOGY, AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE
Managing Editor:
JAAKKO HINTIKKA, Boston University
Editors:
DIRK V AN DALEN, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands
DONALD DAVIDSON, University of California, Berkeley
THEO A.F. KUIPERS, University ofGroningen, The Netherlands
PATRICK SUPPES, Stanford University, California
JAN WOLEr~"sKI, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
VOLUME 259
LOGIC AND
SCIENTIFIC METHODS
Volume One o/the Tenth International Congress
o/Logic, Methodology and Philosophy o/Science,
Florence, August 1995
Edited by
MARIA LUISA DALLA CHIARA
University of Florence
KEESDOETS
University ofA msterdam
DANIELE MUNDICI
University ofM ilan
and
JOHAN VAN BENTHEM
University ofA msterdam
and Stanford University
Springer-Science+Business Media, B.Y.
AC.I.P.Cataloguerecord forthisbookisavailablefrom theLibrary ofCongress
ISBN978-90-481-4786-1 ISBN978-94-017-0487-8(eBook)
DOI10.1007/978-94-017-0487-8
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© 1997SpringerScience+BusinessMediaDordrecht
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Editorial vii
Sections, plenary lectures, symposia ix
President's address 1
Section 1 Proof theory and categorical logic 5
A. CANTINI Proof-theoretical aspects of self-referential truth 7
A. JOYAL Free lattices, communication and money games .. 29
J. KRAJicEK On methods for proving lower bounds in propo-
sitional logic. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
V.Yu. SAZONOV On bounded set theory. . . . . . . . . . 85
Section 2 Model theory, set theory and formal systems 105
PH.G. KOLAITIS Infinitary logic in finite model theory. . 107
P.D. LINCOLN, A. SCEDROV, N. SHANKAR Decision problems
for second-order linear logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
S. TODORCEVIC Comparing the continuum with the first two
uncountable cardinals ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 145
Section 3 Recursion theory and constructivism 157
K.T. KELLY, O. SCHULTE Church's thesis and Hume's problem159
Y.N. MOSCHOVAKIS The logic of functional recursion ..... 179
H. SCHWICHTENBERG, K. STROETMAN From higher or~er terms
to circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
R. SOARE Computability and enumerability ........... 221
G. TAMBURRINI Mechanistic theories in cognitive science: the
import of Turing's thesis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 239
Section 5 Philosophical logic 259
E. CASARI Conjoining and disjoining on different levels 261
K. DOSEN Logical consequence: a turn in style . . . . . 289
S.O. HANSSON, D. MAKINSON Applying normative rules with
restraint ............................... 313
v
VI
Section 10 Philosophy of logic, mathematics and computer
science 333
CH.D. PARSONS What can we do "in principle"? 335
J. PEARL Causation, action, and counterfactuals . 355
Symposium 1 Logic and philosophy of science: current inter-
faces 377
T.A.F. KUIPERS Logic and philosophy of science: current in-
terfaces ............................... 379
K.T. KELLY, O. SCHULTE, V. HENDRICKS Reliable belief re-
VISIon ................................ 383
V. RANTALA Explanatory translation: beyond functionalism
and reductionism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399
P. THAGARD, C. SHELLEY Abductive reasoning: logic, visual
thinking, and coherence ...................... 413
P. WEINGARTNER Can the laws of nature (physics) be complete?429
Symposium 4 Logic in Central and Eastern Europe 447
P. HAJEK Logic in Central and Eastern Europe . . . . 449
L. BUKOVSKY Logic in Czechoslovakia and Hungary . . 451
V.A. USPENSKY Mathematical logic in the former Soviet Union:
brief history and current trends .................. 457
D. VAKARELOV Logic in Central and Eastern Europe: Balkan
region . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 485
R. WOJCICKI The postwar panorama of logic in Poland . 497
Closing address 509
B.C. VAN FRAASSEN Structure and perspective: philosophical
perplexity and paradox ....................... 511
Table of contents Vol. II 531
EDITORIAL
These volumes continue a long tradition. They document part of the scien
tific program of the 10th International Congress of Logic, Methodology and
Philosophy of Science, held at Florence, August 1995. The founding fathers
of the Congress, including Alfred Tarski, Evert Beth, and Abraham Robin
son, left us a legacy of cooperation between logicians and philosophers of
science, on an international scale which is still unique. At the time, this al
liance seemed natural. Philosophers and mathematicians in the fifties still re
membered the heighdays of logical positivism, and their interests were broad.
Not accidentally, Tarski's best-known textbook is a joint introduction to logic
and methodology of the exact sciences. In the meantime, many things have
changed. Logicians have developed new contacts with computer science and
linguistics, philosophers of science also look toward history and sociology.
Nevertheless, our Congress is still there, like a Grand Hotel, with perhaps a
somewhat faded splendour, but with a distinctive style, elegance and comfort.
And it serves an important purpose.
The invited lectures published here demonstrate much of what goes on in
the fields of the Congress. Through an extensive selection process, General
and Sectional Program Committees have chosen speakers whose excellence in
research deserves recognition. How much this honour is appreciated is shown
by a remarkably high acceptance rate. The sectional organisation covers the
traditional subdisciplines of mathematical logic, philosophical logic, as well as
their interfaces with computer science, linguistics, philosophy. Philosophy of
science is broadly represented, too, including both general issues of method
ology and ethics, and specific foundational issues of natural sciences, social
sciences and humanities. In addition to this planned part, the Congress also
serves as the meeting place for an international community from allover the
world. There have been a host of interesting contributed talks, often leading
to osmosis through the sectional barriers of the program. Selections of these
papers will appear in a number of satellite volumes, edited by the Florence
local organizers.
The program of the Congress has further special features. Traditionally,
the opening and closing lectures are given by eminent scholars and scientists,
who give us a broad perspective on the intellectual environment that we are
working in. We are pleased to include the lectures by professors Beltrametti
and van Fraassen, who did just that. Also, the general Program Committee
has organized a number of special Symposia, to high-light some topics of cur
rent interest, and to enhance the connectivity of our field. In Florence, these
Vll
Vlll
were "Semantics and Semiotics", "Logic and Philosophy of Science", "Logic in
Eastern Europe" and "Logic in the Far East" . These symposia are represented
here, too. Not included are the so-called Affiliated Meetings on "Model Theo
ry" (organized jointly by the Kurt G6del Society and the Italian Association
of Logic and its Applications, AILA) and "Proof Theory for Natural Lan
guage" (European Association for Logic, Language and Information), whose
materials will be published elsewhere by the responsible organizers.
There remains the pleasant task of expressing thanks where these are due.
We have been assisted very generously by Mrs. Annie Kuipers (Kluwer Aca
demic Publishers). Most of the editorial logistics have been taken care of by
Kees Doets at the University of Amsterdam, assisted by Jeroen Haak and
Joeri van Ruth. The four editors themselves see this Volume as the visible
finished product of several years of effective and pleasant collaboration in a
joint Dutch-Italian team. Readers with even the slightest knowledge of con
temporary Europe will know that this is indeed a winning combination ...
Maria Luisa Dalla Chiara (Firenze)
Kees Doets (Amsterdam)
Daniele Mundici (Milano)
Johan van Benthem (Amsterdam and Stanford)
SECTIONS, PLENARY LECTURES AND SPECIAL
SYMPOSIA
LOGIC
Section 1. Proof Theory and Categorical Logic
Section Program Committee:
G.E. MINTS, Stanford (chair)
V. OREVKOV, St. Petersburg
J. LAMBEK, Montreal
Invited speakers:
A. CANTINI, Proof-theoretic aspects of self-referential truth
Universita degli Studi di Firenze
A. JOYAL, Free lattices, communication and money games
a
Universite du Quebec Montreal
J. KRAJICEK, On methods for proving lower bounds in propositional logic
Mathematical Institute of Science, Prague
V.Yu. SAZONOV, On bounded set theory
Russian Academy of Sciences, Pereslavl-Zalessky
Section 2. Model Theory, Set Theory and Formal Systems
Section Program Committee:
W.A. HODGES, London (chair)
X. CAICEDO, Bogota
C.A. DI PRISCO, Caracas
Invited speakers:
PH.G. KOLAITIS, Infinitary logic in finite model theory
University of California, Santa Cruz
A. SCEDROV, Decision problems for second-order linear logic
(with P.D. LINCOLN and N. SHANKAR)
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
and
SRI International
IX
