Table Of ContentLibroafrC yo ngreCsast aloging-in-DPautboaln fii lcea.ti on
J.
VicPer esidaenndtE ditorDiiarle ctEoCrS,:M arciaH orton
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MarketiMnagn ageTri:m G alligan
I
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Alteraan dF le1x0 Ka ret rademarokfAs l terCao rporatAidovna.n ceMdi crDoe viceAsM,D ,A thlon,
and3 DNow!a ret rademarokfA sd vanceMdi crDoe viceIsn,cV .e riliosag r egistetrreadd emaorfk
CadencDee sigSny stems,F rIenecs.c aanldeA ltivaercet rademarokfFs r eescSaelmei conducItBoMr .
andP owerPaCr et rademarokfIs B M CorporatIinotne.l , CIonrteae,nl d M MX aret rademarokfI sn tel
CorporatGioAnL. a ndP AL aret rademarokfLs a ttiSceem iconducCtoorrp oratMieonnt.o Grr aphics,
ModelTe chnoloagnyd,M odelSiamr et rademarokfMs e ntoGrr aphiCcosr poratPioowne.Pr o inits
registetrreadd emaorftk h eM icrosoCfotr poratRiAoMnB.U S andR D RAM arer egistetrreadd emarks
ofR AMBUS,I ncC.e lSlo,n ya ndP laystaatrieot nr ademarokfSs o nyC orporatTioosnh.i ibsaa
trademaorfTk o shibCao rporatXiiolni.an nxd S partaarne r egistetrreadd emarokfXs i linIxn,c .
Thea uthoarn dp ublisohfet rh ibso okh aveu sedt heibre setf foritnps r eparitnhgib so okT.h eseef forts
inclutdheed evelopmernets,e aracnhd,t estionftg h et heoriaensdp rogratmosd etermitnhee ir
effectivTehneea sust.h oarn dp ublismhaekre n ow arranotfya nyk inde,x pressoerid m pliweidt,h
regartdot hesper ograomrst hed ocumentatcioonnt ainientd h ibso okTh.e authoarn dp ublisshhearl l
notb el iabilnea nye venfotr incidenotrca oln sequendtaimaalg eisnc onnectwiiotnho ,ra risionugto f,
thef urnishpienrgf,o rmanocrue s,eo ft hesper ograms.
Printiendt heU niteSdt atoefsA merica
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j
The obectivoeft hitse xits t os ervaes a cornerstfoonrte h el earnionfgl ogic
desigdni,g itsayls tedme sigann,dc omputdeers igbnya broaadu dienocfer eaders.
Thisf ourtehd itimoanr kst hed ecadpeo initn t hee volutiooftn h et excto ntents.
Beginniansag n a daptatoifoa n p reviobuoso kb yt hefi rsatu thoirn1 997i,tc ontin
uest oo ffera uniquceo mbinatoifol no gidce sigann dc omputedre sigpnr inciples
witha stronhga rdwareem phasiOsv.e rt hey eartsh,e t exhta sf ollowiendd ustry
trendbsy a ddinnge wm aterisaulc ha sh ardwardee scripltainognu agreesm,o ving
ord e-emphasimzaitnegr ioafdl e cliniimnpgo rtanacnedr, e vismiantge ritaotl r ack
changiensc omputteerc hnolaongdyc omputer-adiedseidg n.
Int hef ourtehd itiroenv,i sions apdeddraegsosg iccoanls ideraatsiw oenlsal s
industrtiraeln dSsi.x t"yr eawlo rld" examapnldep sr oblemmso,s td rawnf rom
design profobrl permosd ucetnsc ounterecdo nitne mpordaaryy- to-ldiafyme o,t i
vatei ntereasntdp rovidper actiicnes olutifoonr mulatCihoann.g eisn c hapter
organizapteiromnii tn structtoom rosr ee asitlayi ltohred egreoeft echnolcoogvy
eragaec,c ommodatbiontghe lectraincdac lo mputeenrg ineerainndcg o mputsecri
encea udiences.
The organizatcihoannagleb se giwni tthh ec ombinionfgt hei ntroducttoi on
desigfrno m Chapte3ra ndt hef unctiobnlaolcm ka terifarlo mC hapte4r i ntao n ew
Chapte3r.T he desigsnc ienccoen tefnrto mt heo ldC hapte3r i sn owd istributed
ovemru ltipclhea pteornsa n" asn eededb"a siasn di sa ccompanibeyid l lustrations.
Hardwardee scripltainognu acgoev erafgoerc ombinaticoinraclu hiatsbs e enc om
bineidn Chap4t weirt thh afto ra rithmectiircc utiotb sa lancchea ptseirz Mea.t e
riaoln technolfroogmy theo ldC hapte3r,i ncludtiinmgi nagn dp rogrammable
logiacp,p eairnsa newC hapte6r a ndc anb es electicvoevleyr eandd s chedulbeyd
thei nstrucasta oprp roprifaotrte h ec ourse sylThlea pbluasc.e meonftt h imsa terial
in Chap6t peerr mietasr liceorv eraogfes equentciiarlc ufiotrts h oswei thl esser
technology-rneeleadtasen ddp rovidtehsem oree xtensbiavcek grounnede defdo r
someo ft het opiccosv ereFdu.r ther, tecthonpoilficotsgb ye ttweirt hidni gitsayls
temd esigrna thetrh anw ithibna silco gidce sigmna teriparle senteeadr liientr h e
texCth.a pte6r a lscoo ntainneswi nformatoinoC nM OS circuaintdsa synchronous
interaction sbyesttweeimensnc luding synchroofin nipzuaattnsid om ne tastability.
Chapte8r h asb eene liminaatleodn wgi tht he algoristthamtmieac c hine
( )
ASM tos treamltihneet reatmeonfdt e sigonfc omplesxe quentciiarlc uaintds
contruonli tCso.n cepfrtosm Chapte8r a res plbiett weeCnh apte5r (S equential
Circu)ia tnsdC hapte7r (R egistaenrdsR egistTerra nsf).e rsAn ews tatmea chine
D xiii
diagnroatma rteipolnta hcAeeS sM Th.e stamtaec hdiinaeg irsma omd elaefdt er
thter adisttiaodtnieaa lga rnagdmr aphriecparlelmsyue cnohtft s h meo delflienxg
ibiliinthye rienhn atr dwdaersec rilpatnigounFa ugretshi.en Cr h,a ptetrh e
7,
desipgrno cefdoudrro ei cnogm bidnaetda paantcdho nturnoidlte siigfsno rmal
izeadni dl lustrated.
Offeirnitnegg rateodfb octodhvi egraiantcgdaoe lm pudteesrit ghenid,si tion
of feataus rterseo mnpgh aosnfi usn da
Logiacn dC omputeDre sigFnu ndamentals
mentuanldse rlcyoinntge mpdoersaiUrgnynd .e rstoafnt dhimena gt eirsis aulp
portbeycd l eeaxrp lanaantadip ornosg redsesvievleo opfme exnatm prlaensg ing
froms impcloem binaatpipolniactlao at iCoInaSsrC c hitbeuciutlputora neR ISC
corAe t.h orocuogvhe roaftg rea dittoipoiincscao slm biwnietadht tenttoci oomn
puter-daeisdipegrdno ,b floermm ulsaotliuovtnei,ro infi caanttdih boeun i,l odfi ng
problem-soFllveixnigib psisr lkoiivtlifyldo ssere.d l ectiveo flc oogdvieecsr iaggne,
digistyasltd eems iagnncd,o mpudteesrit gonp iacnsfod,r c overoafhg aer dware
descrilpatnigou(naon gneeVs,H DLo,rV eril.Ao sgi®frd)oem t hoer ganizational
ancdo ntcehnatn dgeessc trhiufbsaeo r t,h ueprd aitnte hsFe o urEtdhi tiinocnl ude:
(1a)b riienft rodtuoec mtbieodnsd yesdt (e2mi)sl ,l usotfrp artaiccotonim cpault er
aidleodg oipct imimzeatthioaodsnus s eidnE spre(s3sr)oe ,p lacoefam C eRnTt
dispelxaaym pwlietah nL CDs creeexna mpalne(d,4 a )n u pdaAtrecdh itectural
Innovasteicotininsoc nl umduilntgCi PpUlm ei croprocessors.
Witthh erseev iscihoanps1t, et rhsr ouogfht hbeo otkr elaotgd iecs ign,
5
chapttehrrso udgehaw li tdhi gistyasltd eemssia gnncd h apttehrrso 1u3g h
6 8 9
focounsc ompudteesriTh ginsa. r rangpermoevnistdo eldsii dg istyasltd eems ign
fundamewnhtiaallcesc omplaig srhaidnbugoa tlt,o dm-euvpe lopomffe unntd a
mentfaolurss ient op-dcoowmnp udteesrii gnln a tcehra ptSeurmsm.a roifte hse
topciocvse irnee adc chh apter follow.
Thisc hapitnetrr oduces digital
Chapte1r- DigitaSly stemasn dI nformation
computeemrbse,ds dyesdt aenmdis n,f ormraetpiroens einntcaltuidoinn g number
systaermist,h amnecdto idce,s .
Thicsh apdteearwl ist h cgiarte
Chapte2r- CombinatioLnoagli Cci rcuits
cuiatnsdt hetiyrp aensd basifco trhi eddieeras sia gnnd coopstti mization.
ConceipntcslB uodoel eaalng eablrgae,b arnaKdia cr namuagpoh ptimization,
thEes preaslsgoo raisat p hrma gmCaAtDio cp timitzoaotalin,omd n u ltilevel
optimoin.z ati
Thisc hapbteegriw nista hno ver
Chapte3-r- CombinatioLnoagli Dce sign
vieowfa c ontemploorgaircy p dreoscTiehgsdense .t aoifsl tseo pfts h dee sipgrno
cesisn clupdrionbglf eomr mullaotgioiopcnt ,i miztaetcihonnom,la opgpyit nog
NANDa ndN ORg ataensd,v erificaartceio ovne forrec do mbinaltoigoinca l
desiegxna mpIlnae dsd.i ttihcoehn a,p ctoevret rhfseu nctainobdnu si lbdlioncgk s
ofc ombinadteisoiingnancl l uednianbgla inndig n put-dfiexciondegin,nc go,d ing,
codceo nversseiloenca,tn iddni gs,t riabnutdth ieinimgrp, l ementations.
Thisc hapdteearwl ista hr ith
Chapte4-r- ArithmeFtuincc tioannsdH DLs
metfiucn ctainodtn hse iimrp lemenBteaytoinnoudnm sb.re erp resefnotra tion
arithmaedtdiicts,iu obnt,r aacntdii nocnr,e mednetcirnegm,efi nltliiennxggt,,e n
sioanns dh ifatridene gs crainbidem dp lemeSnytnetdha.en shdia sr dwdaersec rip
tiolna ngu(aHgDeLsas r)ie n trodaunVcdee rdi alnoVdgH DLa rper esefnotre d
xiv D Preface
describoifnc go mbinatiloongailfrc o m Chapte3r a nda rithmeltoigcifr co m this
chapter.
Chapte5r- SequentCiiarlc uThiitssc haptceorv ersse quentciiarlc uainta lysis
andd esigLna.t chemsa,s ter-sflliapv-efl oapnsd e dge-triggfleirpe-dfl oaprse c ov
( T),
erewdi tehm phasoinst heD typeO.t hetry peosffl ip-floSp-sR J,- Ka nd which
areu sedl esfrse quentilnmy o derdne siganrse,c overebdr ieflEym.p hasiissp laced
ons tatmea chindei agraamn ds tattea blfoer mulatiAo nc.o mpledtees igpnr ocess
fors equentciiarlc uiintcsl udisnpge cification, fosrtmautalesa stiigonnm,e flnitp,
flopi npuatn do utpuetq uatidoent erminatoipotni,m izattieocnh,n olmoagpyp ing,
andv erificaitsid oenv elopAe gdr.a phisctaaltm ea chindei agrammo delt harte pre
sentsse quential tcoiorc coumiptlset xom odelw itah c onventisotnaatdlei agraims
presentaenddi llustrbaytt ewdor eawlo rledx amplThees .c hapter conwciltuhd es
VHDL andV erildoegs criptoifao nflsi p-flaonpd a sequentciiarlc uit.
Chapte6-r-- SelectDeeds igTno picThsi sc haptperre senttosp ifcosc usionng
various asopfue ncdtesr lytiencgh noliongcyl udtihneMg OS transiasntdoC rM OS
circudietlsa,ay n dt iminfgo rg atecso,m binatiaonndas le quentciiarlc uaistysn,
chronoiunst eractbieotnwse ecni rcuaintdsp ,r ogrammablloegi tce chnoloThgei es.
asynchronionutse ractsieocntsi on includeso fsc yonvcehrraognei zoafta isoynn
chronoiunsp uatnsd m etastabiPlriotgyr.a mmablloeg icco verrse ad-omnelmyo ries,
programmalbolgei acr raaynsd p rogrammaabrlrea lyo gic.
Chapte7r- Registerasn dR egistTerra nsfTheirss chaptecro verrse gisters
andt heiarp plicatSihoinfrste. g isatnedrc ountdeers iganr eb aseodn t hec ombina
tioonf fl ip-flowpist fhu nctiaonndsi mplementatiinotnrso duicnet dh eC hapte3rs
and4 .O nlyt her ippcloeu nteirsi ntroduacsea d t otalnleyw concepRte.g ister
transfaerrecs o nsidefroerbd o thp aralalnedls eridaels igannsd t ime-sptarcaed e
offsa red iscusAs esde.c tifoonc usoensr egiscteelrdl e sigfno rm ulti-funrcetgiiosn
tertsh apte rformimnugl tipolpee ratiAo npsr.o cefsosr t hei ntegradteesdi gonf
datapatahnsdc ontruonli tuss inrge gister tsrtaantsefmeeran ntdss tatmea chine
diagraimssi ntroduacneddi llustrbayt tewdo r eawlo rledx ampleVse.r ilaongd
VHDL descriptoifso enlse ctreedg isttyepre asr ei ntroduced.
Chapte8-r- MemoryB asicThsi s chapteirn troduscteast riacn doma ccess
( ) ( )
memoryS RAM andd ynamirca ndoamc cemsesm oryD RAM ,a ndb asimce m
orys ystemIsta. l sdoe scribbreise flvya rioduiss titnycpte osf S RAMs.
Chapte9r- ComputeDre sigBna sicThsi sc haptceorv errse gisfitleerfs u,n c
tiounn itdsa,t apatahnsd,t wos implceo mputear ss:i ngle-ccyocmlpeu tearn da
multiple-ccoymcpluet eThre. f ocuisso nd atapaatnhd c ontruonli dte sigfno rmula
tiocno ncepatpsp liteodi mplementsipnegc ifiiends tructainodin nss trucsteitoisnn
single-cayncdml uel tiple-dceyscilgen s.
Chapte1r0 -InstrucSteitAo rnc hitecitnutrreo dumcaensy f aceotfsi nstruc
tiosne ta rchitecIttud reea.lw si tahd drecsosu natd,d ressmiondge sa,r chitectures,
andt het ypeosf i nstructainodnp sr esenfltosa ting-pnouimnbte rr epresentation
ando peratioPnrso.g racmo ntraorlc hitecitsup rree sentiendc ludipnrgo cedure
calalnsd i nterrupts.
Chapte1r1 -RISCa ndC ISCP rocessThoirssc haptceorv ehrisg h-performance
procescsoonrc epitnsc ludai pnigp eliRnIeSdC proceasnsdoa r C,I SCp rocessThoer .
Prefac[]e
xv
CISCp rocessboyur s,i ng microcoded hardtwoaa mroed iafidcdaetdoi fot nh eR ISC
processpoerr,m ietxse cutoifotn h eC ISCi nstrucsteituo sni ntgh eR ISCp ipelianne ,
approacuhs edi nc ontemporCaIrSyC p rocessAolrsso.s, e ctiodness crihbieg h
performaCnPcUe concepatnsda rchitecitnunroev atiionncsl udtiwnoge xamploefs
multipClPeU microprocessors.
Chapte1r2 -Input-OuatnpduC to mmunicatThiiosnc haptdeera lwsi tdha ta
transfbeert weetnh eC PU andm emoryi,n put-outipnutte rfaacnedsp eripheral
devicDeiss.c ussioofan sk eyboarad L,i quiCdr ystDails pla(yL CD) scraenedna ,
hardd rivaes p eripheraarleis n cludaendd,a keyboaridn terfiasci el lustrated.
Othetro pircasn gfreo m sericaolm municatiinocnl,u dtihnegU niversSaelr iBauls
(USB)t,oi nterrsuypstt eimm plementation.
Chapte1r3 -MemoryS ystemhsa sa particufloacruo sn m emoryh ierarchies.
The conceopftl ocaloiftr ye ferenicsei ntroduacneddi llustrbaytc eodn sideration
oft hec ache/mamienm orya ndm ainm emory/hadrrdi vree lationsAhni opvse.r
viewo fc achdee sigpna rameteirsps r ovidTheed .t reatmeonfmt e morym anage
mentfo cuseso n paginagn da translatloiookna sibduef fesru pportvinigr tual
memory.
Ina ddititootn h et exitt seal Cfo,m panioWne bsitaen da nI nstructMoarn's
uala rep rovideCdo.m panioWne bsit(eht tp://www.prenhall.ccoonmt/emnatn o)
1)
includtehsef ollowinrge:a disnugp plemeinntcsl udnienwgm ateriaanldm aterial
2) 3)
deletfreodm prioerd itionVsH,D L andV erilsoogu rcfiel efso ra lelx amples,
4)
linktso c omputer-adiedseidg tno olfso rF PGA desigann dH DL simulation,
5) 6)
solutifoonrsa bouotn e-thiorfad l tl exCth apteprr oblems,e rrata,P ower
1 9, 7)
Points®l idfeosrC haptertsh rough projectoiroing infaolrcs o mplefixg ures
8)
andt ablefrso m thet exta,n d sitnee wss ectiofnosrs tudenatnsd i nstructors
pointionugtn ewm ateriuapld,a teasn,dc orrectiIonnsst.r ucatroeer nsc ouragteod
periodiccahlelctykh ei nstrucstiotrne'e sw ss ot hatth eayr ea waroef s itceh anges.
InstructMoarn'usac lo nteinntc ludseusg gestifoonrus s eo ft heb ooka nda lplr ob
lems olutioOnns-.l inaec cestso t himsa nuails a vailafrbolme PrentiHcael lt o
instrucattao crasd emiincs tituwthiooa ndso ptth eb ookf orc lassrouosmeTh .e sug
gestiofnosru sep roviidmep ortadnett ailiendf ormatfioornn a vigattihnetg e xtto
fitw itvha riocuosu rssey llabi.
Becausoefi tbsr oacdo veraogfeb oth loagnidcc o mputedre sign,b otohki s
servseesv erdailff ereonbtj ectiivnse osp homotrher oujguhn iloerv eclo ursCehsa.p
1 10
terst hroughw itshe lectseedc tioonmsi ttepdr,o viadneo vervioefwh ardware
forc omputesrc ienccoem,p uteern gineereilnegc,t reincgailn eeroirne gn gineering
1 5
studenitngs e nerianla singsleem estceoru rsCeh.a ptertsh roughp ossibwliyt h
6 8
selectpeadr tosf throughg ivae b asiicn troducttoil oong idce sigwnh,i ccha nb e
completienad s ingqluea rtfeorre lectraincdac lo mputer engineerinCgo vstudents.
1 8
eragoef C haptertsh roughi na semestperro,v idae sst rongmeorr,ec ontempo
rarlyo gidce sigtnr eatmeThnet e.n tibroeo kc,o vereidnt woq uarteprrso,v idtehse
basiocfsl ogiacn dc omputdeers igfno rc omputeenrg ineerainndsg c ienscteu dents.
Coveraogfet hee ntibroeo kw itahp proprisautpep lementmaartye rioaral labora
toryc omponencta nfi lla two-semessteeqru enicnel ogidce sigann dc omputer
architecDtuuert eo.i tmso derateplayc etdr eatmeonfat w ider angoef t opictsh,e
booki si deaflo rs elf-sbtyue dnyg ineaenrdsc omputsecri entFiisntas,l.a l lyolf t hese
xvi D Preface
various objceacnat lisvboee sn efifrto m useo fr eading supplementosn t phreo vided
CompanioWne bsite.
Durintgh ep reparatoifot nh ef ourtehd itiwoen h,a ves oughotu tt hev iews
ofm anyi nstrucutsoirnsg perdiiotri oonfts h itse xOtv.e r5 0i nstrucctoomrpsl eted
ane xtenssiuvrev eoyn t het hiredd iticoonn teanntd t heiurs eosf i tI.n a ddition,
ProfessBohra raBth uvaV,a nderbUinlitv ersaintdyP ,r ofessDoorn alHdu ng,S an
JoseS tatUen iverspirtoyv,i duesde fufle edbatchkr ougwhr ittreenv iewosft he
thiredd itiWoen .a rev ergyr atetfoua ll olf t hesien strucftoortr hse ipra rticipation
andt heitrh oughtifnuplu itng uiditnhge p reparatoifto hne f ourtehd itiPoanr.t ic
ulatrh ankgso est oP rofessKoartsh eriCnoem ptonM,i kkoL ipasKteiw,a lS aluja,
andL eonS hoheta,n dF aculAtsys ociaMtiec haeMlo rrow,E CE,U niversoift y
Wisconsin-MadViisao fno.c useddi scussiwointsht hes econadu thotrh,e yp ro
videedx tensciovmem entasn ds uggestitohnagstr eatilnyfl uenctehdef ourtehd i
tiocno ntenWte. a pprecicaotrer ectitoont sh et hiredd itiporno vidbeyd both
instrucatnodrs st udenmtoss,tn otabltyh,o sfreo m ProfessDooru glas BDoee ro f
DordtC ollegAe .s pecitahla nkgso est oD ivay Jhalanfrio m theU niversoift y
Wisconsin-Madfiosroh ne rp reparatoifos no lutitoonn se w problemisn t he
InstructMoarn'usa aln do nt hew ebsitOeu.r a ppreciagtoieostn o a lolf t hosaet
PrentiHcael la nde lsewhefroert heierf forotns t hiesd itiNoont.a blaer eE ditor
MikeM cDonalfdo rh isg uidanceen,c ouragemaenndts upporPtr,o ductiEodni
torDsa n Sandiann dI rvwiZnu ckefro rt heierf ficienacnydh elpfulnweiststh e xt
productiaonndB, o bL entfzo rh ism aticulcooupsy -ediFtiinnagl.al vye,r syp ecial
thanktsoV alK imef orh ere nduripnagt ienacned u nderstantdhirnogu ghotuhte
developmeonft th ef ourtehd ition.
M.M ORRIMSA NO
CHARLERS. K IME
PrefaceD xvii
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LOGIC
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HardD rive
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