Table Of ContentStudies in European Culture and History
edited by
Eric D. Weitz and Jack Zipes
University of Minnesota
Since the fall of the Berlin Wall and the collapse of communism, the very meaning of
Europe has opened up and is in the process of being redefined. European states and societies
are wrestling with the expansion of NATO and the European Union and with new streams
of immigration, while a renewed and reinvigorated cultural engagement has emerged
between East and West. But the fast-paced transformations of the last fifteen years also have
deeper historical roots. The reconfiguring of contemporary Europe is entwined with the
cataclysmic events of the twentieth century, two world wars and the Holocaust, and with
the processes of modernity that, since the eighteenth century, have shaped Europe and its
engagement with the rest of the world.
Studies in European Culture and History is dedicated to publishing books that explore
major issues in Europe’s past and present from a wide variety of disciplinary perspectives.
The works in the series are interdisciplinary; they focus on culture and society and deal with
significant developments in Western and Eastern Europe from the eighteenth century to
the present within a social historical context. With its broad span of topics, geography, and
chronology, the series aims to publish the most interesting and innovative work on modern
Europe.
Published by Palgrave Macmillan:
Fascism and Neofascism: Critical Writings on the Radical Right in Europe
by Eric Weitz
Fictive Theories: Towards a Deconstructive and Utopian Political Imagination
by Susan McManus
German-Jewish Literature in the Wake of the Holocaust: Grete Weil, Ruth Klüger,
and the Politics of Address
by Pascale Bos
Turkish Turn in Contemporary German Literature: Toward a New Critical Grammar of
Migration
by Leslie Adelson
Terror and the Sublime in Art and Critical Theory: From Auschwitz to Hiroshima to
September 11
by Gene Ray
Transformations of the New Germany
edited by Ruth Starkman
Caught by Politics: Hitler Exiles and American Visual Culture
edited by Sabine Eckmann and Lutz Koepnick
Legacies of Modernism: Art and Politics in Northern Europe, 1890–1950
edited by Patrizia C. McBride, Richard W. McCormick, and Monika Zagar
Police Forces: A Cultural History of an Institution
edited by Klaus Mladek
Richard Wagner for the New Millennium: Essays in Music and Culture
edited by Matthew Bribitzer-Stull, Alex Lubet, and Gottfried Wagner
Representing Masculinity: Male Citizenship in Modern Western Culture
edited by Stefan Dudink, Anna Clark, and Karen Hagemann
Remembering the Occupation in French Film: National Identity in Postwar Europe
by Leah D. Hewitt
“Gypsies” in European Literature and Culture
edited by Valentina Glajar and Domnica Radulescu
Choreographing the Global in European Cinema and Theater
by Katrin Sieg
Converting a Nation: A Modern Inquisition and the Unification of Italy
by Ariella Lang
German Postwar Films: Life and Love in the Ruins
edited by Wilfried Wilms and William Rasch
Germans, Poland, and Colonial Expansion to the East
edited by Robert L. Nelson
Cinema after Fascism: The Shattered Screen
by Siobhan S. Craig
Weimar Culture Revisited
edited by John Alexander Williams
Local History, Transnational Memory in the Romanian Holocaust
edited by Valentina Glajar and Jeanine Teodorescu
Local History, Transnational Memory
in the Romanian Holocaust
Edited by
Valentina Glajar
and
Jeanine Teodorescu
LOCAL HISTORY, TRANSNATIONAL MEMORY IN THE ROMANIAN HOLOCAUST
Copyright © Valentina Glajar and Jeanine Teodorescu, 2011.
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2011 978-0-230-11254-4
All rights reserved.
First published in 2011 by
PALGRAVE MACMILLAN®
in the United States—a division of St. Martin’s Press LLC,
175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010.
Where this book is distributed in the UK, Europe and the rest of the world,
this is by Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited,
registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills,
Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS.
Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies
and has companies and representatives throughout the world.
Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States,
the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries.
ISBN 978-1-349-29451-0 ISBN 978-0-230-11841-6 (eBook)
DOI 10.1057/9780230118416
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Local history, transnational memory in the Romanian Holocaust /
e d ited by Valentina Glajar and Jeanine Teodorescu.
p. cm.—(Studies in European culture and history)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
1. Holocaust, Jewish (1939–1945)—Romania—Influence.
2. Holocaust, Jewish (1939–1945)—Romania—Historiography.
3. Jews—Romania—History—20th century. 4. Jews—Romania—
History—21st century. 5. Holocaust, Jewish (1939–1945), in literature.
6. Holocaust, Jewish (1939–1945), in motion pictures. 7. Romania—
Ethnic relations. I. Glajar, Valentina. II. Teodorescu, Jeanine, 1958–
DS135.R7L63 2011
940.53(cid:2)1809498—dc22 2010035728
A catalogue record of the book is available from the British Library.
Design by Newgen Imaging Systems (P) Ltd., Chennai, India.
First edition: March 2011
For Irineu and Sergio (VG)
To my dear friends Francisca,
Eliav, and Saul; my parents, Venera and Basile;
Anca and my husband, William (JT)
Contents
List of Illustrations ix
Acknowledgments xi
Introduction 1
Valentina Glajar
Part I Local History, Bearing Witness
One The Perception of the Holocaust in Historiography
and in the Romanian Media 19
Alexandru Florian
Two The Iai Pogrom in Curzio Malaparte’s Kaputt:
Between History and Fiction 47
Mihai Dinu Gheorghiu
Three The Cernăuţi Ghetto, the Deportations,
and the Decent Mayor 57
Marianne Hirsch and Leo Spitzer
Four “Bottles in the Sea”: Letters of Deported Jews in
Moghilev (Transnistria), November–December 1941 77
Florence Heymann
Five Survival and Memory: Arnold Daghani’s Verbal and
Visual Diaries 91
Deborah Schultz
Six Mihail Sebastian and Mircea Eliade:
Chronicle of a Broken Friendship 119
Andrei Oişteanu
Part II Transnational Memory in Literature and Film
Seven Paul Celan’s Aesthetics of Transnational Remembrance 137
Iulia-K arin Patrut
viii / contents
Eight Homescapes of Childhood: Aharon Appelfeld’s
Life Stories of Czernowitz 157
Emily Miller Budick
Nine Norman Manea: “I am not a Writer of the Holocaust” 175
Jeanine Teodorescu
Ten Elie Wiesel’s Night: The Death of Hope and
Romania’s Problematic Moral Stand in Relation
to the Holocaust 195
Domnica Radulescu
Eleven “The People of Israel Lives!” Performing the
Shoah on Post- War Bucharest’s Yiddish Stages 209
Corina L. Petrescu
Twelve Framing the Silence: The Romanian Jewish and
Romani Holocaust in Filmic Representations 225
Valentina Glajar
Selected Bibliography 251
List of Contributors 259
Index 263
Illustrations
3.1 Temple Burned by the Nazis, 1941 59
3.2 Map of 1941 Cernăuţi Ghetto 63
3.3 Traian Popovici 65
5.1 Arnold Daghani, On the way to work on the road (1974)
in 1942 1943 And Thereafter (Sproadic records till 1977)
(1942–1977) 93
5.2 Arnold Daghani, New Year flowers for Nanino (1943) in
1942 1943 And Thereafter (Sporadic records till 1977)
(1942–1977) 95
5.3 Arnold Daghani, Untitled (woman with baskets and
diary entry) (1963) in What a Nice World (1943–1977) 103
5.4 Arnold Daghani, What a Nice World (1943–1977) 104
5.5 Arnold Daghani, Camp interior (1943) in 1942 1943
And Thereafter (Sporadic records till 1977) (1942–1977) 109
5.6 Arnold Daghani, Sunday morning (1972) in 1942 1943
And Thereafter (Sporadic records till 1977) (1942–1977) 110
5.7 Arnold Daghani, Nanino at the window (1942) in
1942 1943 And Thereafter (Sporadic records till 1977)
(1942–1977) 111
5.8 Arnold Daghani, Images after the encounter with a
world of phantoms keep rushing on . . . (1973)
in What a Nice World (1943–1977) 115
6.1 Mihail Sebastian, Mircea Eliade, and their group
of friends during a summer vacation in the
Bucegi Mountains (July 1932) 120
6.2 Mihail Sebastian and Mircea Eliade 121
Acknowledgments
We would like to express our appreciation to the following for their con-
tribution: Radu Ioanid (U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum) and Raphael
Vago (Tel Aviv University) for their invaluable comments and excellent sug-
gestions; William Ford (University of Illinois at Chicago) for his detailed
editorial assistance and Elizabeth Welch (Texas State University—San
Marcos) for her meticulous proofreading; Randolph Braham, Alexandru
Florian, Robert Fischer, Marianne Hirsch, Leo Spitzer, and Carmen Marino
for their support and enthusiasm; Brigitte Shull for believing in this project;
our families and friends for their unlimited patience and love.
Earlier versions of chapters 2, 5, and 6 have been previously pub-
lished and we would like to thank Routledge (Taylor and Francis Books),
Polirom Iai, and the journal Studia Hebraica for allowing the authors to
revise and reprint their work. We would also like to thank the University of
Sussex and the Arnold Daghani Trust for allowing us to reproduce several
of Daghani’s drawings; and the National Museum of Romanian Literature
for the permission to reproduce two photographs of Mircea Eliade and
Mihail Sebastian.
.
