Table Of ContentAdvances
in COMPUTERS
VOLUME 54
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Advances in
COMPUT RS
Trends in Software Engineering
EDI T E D B Y
M A R V I N V. ZELKOWITZ
Department of Computer Science
and Institute for Advanced Computer Studies
University of Maryland
College Park, Maryland
VOLUME 54
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Contents
CONTRIBUTORS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix
PREFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii
An Overview of Components and Component-Based Development
Alan W. Brown
1. I n t r o d u c t i o n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2. Th e G o a l s o f C o m p o n e n t A p p r o a c h e s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
3. W h y C o m p o n e n t - B a s e d D e v e l o p m e n t ? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
4. W h a t is a C o m p o n e n t ? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
5. W h a t is the E x e c u t i o n E n v i r o n m e n t for C o m p o n e n t s ? . . . . . . . . . 13
6. H o w are A p p l i c a t i o n s A s s e m b l e d us ing C B D ? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
7. W h a t is the C u r r e n t Prac t ice in C B D T o d a y ? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
8. S u m m a r y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Re fe rences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Working with UML: A Software Design Process Based on
Inspections for the Unified Modeling Language
Guilherme H. Travassos, Forrest Shull, and Jeffrey Carver
1. I n t r o d u c t i o n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
2. T h e Uni f i ed M o d e l i n g L a n g u a g e ( U M L ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
3. S o f t w a r e P rocess Act iv i t ies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
4. T he E x a m p l e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
5. M a i n t e n a n c e or E v o l u t i o n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
6. T h e R o a d A h e a d . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Re fe rences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Enterprise JavaBeans and Microsoft Transaction Server:
Frameworks for Distributed Enterprise Components
Avraham Left, John Prokopek, James T. Rayfield, and Ignacio Silva-Lepe
1. I n t r o d u c t i o n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
2. C o m p o n e n t E v o l u t i o n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
3. Ob jec t T r a n s a c t i o n M o n i t o r s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
4. E n t e r p r i s e J a v a B e a n s and M i c r o s o f t T r a n s a c t i o n Server . . . . . . . 120
5. Pa ra l l e l E v o l u t i o n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
6. S a m p l e A p p l i c a t i o n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
V
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7. C o n t i n u e d E v o l u t i o n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
8. C o n c l u s i o n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Re fe r ences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Maintenance Process and Product Evaluation Using Reliability, Risk,
and Test Metrics
Norman F. Schneidewind
1. I n t r o d u c t i o n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
2. R e l a t e d R e s e a r c h a n d Pro jec t s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
3. C o n c e p t o f S tab i l i ty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
4. M e t r i c s for L o n g - T e r m A n a l y s i s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
5. Me t r i c s for L o n g - T e r m a n d S h o r t - T e r m Ana lys i s . . . . . . . . . . . 160
6. D a t a a n d E x a m p l e A p p l i c a t i o n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
7. R e l a t i o n s h i p s a m o n g M a i n t e n a n c e , Rel iab i l i ty , a n d Tes t Ef fo r t . 163
8. Shu t t l e O p e r a t i o n a l I n c r e m e n t F u n c t i o n a l i t y a n d Process
I m p r o v e m e n t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
9. U n i t e d S ta tes Ai r F o r c e G l o b a l A w a r e n e s s ( G A ) P r o g r a m
A p p l i c a t i o n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
10. C o n c l u s i o n s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
A c k n o w l e d g m e n t s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
Re fe rences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
Computer Technology Changes and Purchasing Strategies
Gerald V. Post
1. I n t r o d u c t i o n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
2. M o o r e ' s Law: T h e B e g i n n i n g . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
3. M a i n f r a m e s to P e r s o n a l C o m p u t e r s : P r i c e / P e r f o r m a n c e . . . . . . . 187
4. P e r s o n a l C o m p u t e r s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
5. L a p t o p s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
6. C e n t r a l i z a t i o n , D e c e n t r a l i z a t i o n , a n d T C O . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
7. D e m a n d . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
8. T h e F u t u r e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
9. C o n c l u s i o n s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
R e f e r e n c e s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
Secure Outsourcing of Scientific Computations
Mikhail J. Atallah, K.N. Pantazopoulos, John R. Rice, and Eugene Spafford
1. I n t r o d u c t i o n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
2. G e n e r a l F r a m e w o r k . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
3. A p p l i c a t i o n s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
4. Secur i ty A n a l y s i s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
CONTENTS vii
5. C o s t A n a l y s i s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
6. C o n c l u s i o n s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268
R e f e r e n c e s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270
A U T H O R INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273
SUBJECT INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279
CONTENTS OF VOLUMES IN THIS SERIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287
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Contributors
Mikhail J. Atallah received a BE degree in electrical engineering from the
American University, Beirut, Lebanon, in 1975, and MS and PhD degrees in
electrical engineering and computer science from Johns Hopkins University,
Baltimore, Maryland, in 1980 and 1982, respectively. In 1982, Dr. Atallah
joined the Purdue University faculty in West Lafayette, Indiana, where he is
currently a professor in the computer science department. In 1985, he
received an NSF Presidential Young Investigator Award from the US
National Science Foundation. His research interests are information
security and algorithms (in particular for geometric and parallel computa-
tion). Dr. Atallah is a fellow of the IEEE, and serves or has served on the
editorial boards of SIAM Journal o17 Computing, Journal of Parallel and
Distributed Computing, hzformation Processing Letters, Computational
Geometry: Theory Applications, hTternational Journal of Computational
Geometry Applications, Parallel Processing Letters, Methods of Logic in
Computer Science. He was Guest Editor for a Special Issue of Algorithmica
on Computational Geometry, has served as Editor of the Handbook of
Parallel and Distributed Computing (McGraw-Hill), as Editorial Advisor for
the Handbook of Computer Science and Engineering (CRC Press), and as
Editor for the Handbook of Algorithms and Theory of Computation (CRC
Press).
Alan W. Brown, PhD is a Senior Technical evangelist at Catapulse, Inc., a
Silicon Valley start-up company leveraging the Internet to create a new
generation of software development services and tools. Previously Alan was
vice president of R&D for Computer Associates' Application Development
products where he was responsible for advanced technology activities across
the organization. Alan joined Computer Associates on their acquisition of
Sterling Software in April 2000. Prior to joining Sterling Software, he was
director of software research for Texas Instruments Software (TIS), which
was acquired by Sterling Software in 1997. Alan also led the Object
Technology Branch for Texas Instruments, Inc.'s corporate software
research labs in its investigation of advanced research and development
products. Previously Alan spent five years at the Software Engineering
Institute (SEI) at Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
There he led the CASE environments project advising on a variety of US
government agencies and contractors on the application and integration of
CASE technologies.
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