Living Histories: Native Americans and Southwestern Archaeology

213 Pages·2010·12.7 MB·English

by  Chip Colwell-Chanthaphonh

Living Histories
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Issues in Southwest Archaeology
Edited by John Kantner
Issues in Southwest Archaeology features volumes that critically evalu-
ate current archaeological research in the U.S. Southwest and Northwest
Mexico. Titles investigate pervasive themes both in the archaeology of the
region but also in contemporary anthropological inquiry, such as ethnicity,
gender, migration, and violence. Authors discuss not only what archae-
ologists already know about the prehistory of the Southwest, but they also
consider issues that impact the practice of archaeology today, including the
roles of cultural resource management, oral history, and cultural property
rights. Each contribution to the series is ultimately synthetic, comparative,
and fully engaged in broader anthropological interests.
Editor John Kantner may be contacted at the following address:
Vice President for Academic and Institutional Advancement
School for Advanced Research
P.O. Box 2188
Santa Fe, NM 87504-2188
Books in the series:
Living Histories: Native Americans and Southwestern Archaeology, by Chip
Colwell-Chanthaphonh (2010)
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Living Histories
Native Americans and
Southwestern Archaeology
Chip Colwell-Chanthaphonh
A division of
ROWMAN & LITTLEFIELD PUBLISHERS, INC.
Lanham (cid:129) New York (cid:129) Toronto (cid:129) Plymouth, UK
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Published by AltaMira Press
A division of Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc.
A wholly owned subsidiary of The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, Inc.
4501 Forbes Boulevard, Suite 200, Lanham, Maryland 20706
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Copyright © 2010 by AltaMira Press
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored
in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission
of the publisher.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Information Available
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Colwell-Chanthaphonh, Chip (John Stephen), 1975–
Living histories : Native Americans and Southwestern archaeology / Chip
Colwell-Chanthaphonh.
p. cm. — (Issues in Southwest archaeology)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-7591-1195-0 (cloth : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-0-7591-1196-7 (paper
: alk. paper) — ISBN 978-0-7591-1997-0 (electronic)
1. Indians of North America—Southwest, New—Antiquities. 2. Indians of
North America—Southwest, New—Social life and customs. 3. Indians of North
America—Southwest, New—Social conditions. 4. Archaeology—Southwest, New—
History. 5. Archaeology—Social aspects—Southwest, New. 6. Archaeology—
Political aspects—Southwest, New. 7. Archaeology—Moral and ethical aspects—
Southwest, New. 8. Southwest, New—Antiquities. 9. Southwest, New—Ethnic
relations. I. Title.
E78.S7C625 2010
979'.01—dc22 2010022043
™
The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of
American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper
for Printed Library Materials, ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992.
Printed in the United States of America
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The starting point of critical evaluation is the consciousness of what one
really is, and is “knowing thyself” as a product of historical processes to
date, which has deposited in you an infinity of traces, without leaving an
inventory. It is imperative therefore to make an inventory.
—Antonio Gramsci, The Prison Notebooks
What good does it do to dig there? . . . If it were on some other mesa,
where no one was living, we might feel differently. But we are still alive.
Our civilization is not dead. They are digging up our ancestors and they
are touching things we have said shall not be touched.
—Byron P. Adams, in Remembering Awatovi
All histories have a history, and one is incomplete without the other.
—Paul Chaat Smith, Everything You Know about Indians Is Wrong
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Contents
Tables and Figures ix
1 Introduction 1
2 Histories and Traditions 13
3 Explorations and Contestations 45
4 Laws and Ethics 83
5 Communities and Collaborations 109
6 Conclusion 133
Notes 139
References Cited 153
Figure Credits 189
Index 191
About the Author 201
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Tables and Figures
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1.1. C asa Grande, depicted in 1859, shortly after the site
became part of the United States. 3
Figure 1.2. F ederally recognized tribes in the U.S. Southwest
and tribes in the Mexico Northwest. 7
Figure 1.3. M ajor archaeological sites in the
American Southwest. 10
Figure 2.1. T he first Folsom point scientifically recovered
from within the ribs of Bison antiquus. 16
Figure 2.2. T ohono O’odham women are portrayed collecting
saguaro fruit in the 1850s. 19
Figure 2.3. Paquimé today. 21
Figure 2.4. A Mimbres bowl from southwestern New Mexico,
about 18 (cid:2) 7 cm. 23
Figure 2.5. Chaco Canyon in the midst of excavation. 25
Figure 2.6. A Fremont pictograph in east-central Utah. 28
Figure 2.7. A Navajo home, characterized by mobile
and ephemeral technology, ca. 1900. 29
Figure 2.8. A Hopi man climbs a ladder at the First Mesa
village of Walpi, ca. 1902. 32
Figure 2.9. Navajos depicted in the mid-1800s. 39
Figure 2.10. Competing models of ethnogenesis. 42
Figure 3.1. Ptolemy’s world map of 1548. 46
Figure 3.2. Yuma Indians, portrayed in the 1850s. 49
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