Table Of ContentV Jean-Nicolas Vauthey
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Liver Metastases
Jean-Nicolas Vauthey Paulo M. G. Hoff
(cid:2) (cid:2)
Riccardo A. Audisio Graeme J. Poston
(cid:2)
Editors
Liver Metastases
1 3
Editors
Jean-NicolasVauthey,MD,FACS PauloM.G.Hoff,MD,FACP
DepartmentofSurgicalOncology CentrodeOncologia
TheUniversityofTexasM.D.Anderson HospitalSirioLibanes
CancerCenter SaoPaulo,Brazil
Houston,TX,USA
RiccardoA.Audisio,MD,FRCS GraemeJ.Poston,MBMSFRCS
DepartmentofGeneralSurgery DigestiveDiseases,CriticalCareandAnaesthesia
WhistonHospital CentreforDigestiveDiseases
UniversityofLiverpool UniversityHospitalAintree
Prescot,Merseyside,UK Liverpool,UK
ISBN978-1-84628-946-0 e-ISBN978-1-84628-947-7
DOI10.1007/978-1-84628-947-7
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Preface
TheconceptforLiverMetastasesarosefromtheneedforanauthoritativetreatyinthis
importantsubject.Contrastingwiththeusualparadigm,inwhichthetreatmentofliver
metastasesisjustachapterinabroadersurgicalormedicaloncologytextbook,ourwork
extensively addresses the contemporary multidisciplinary management of liver metas-
tases. Throughout the text, experiences from the paradigms of colorectal cancer metas-
tases treatment strategies are used to point to the new directions in the management of
livermetastases.Thegoalistopresenttheinformationinalogicalandinformativeway,
includingthenaturalhistory,diagnosis,staging,prognosis,andtreatmentoflivermetas-
tases,withemphasisinthecollaborative,multidisciplinaryapproach.
The treatment of livermetastasesisone ofthemost excitingareas in medicine inthe
earlytwenty-firstcenturythankstothediligentworkofinnovativeinvestigators.Overthe
last few decades, the imaging techniques have been refined, surgical indications and
techniques have been perfected, and a large number of effective systemic treatments
havebeendeveloped.Patientswhoweredeemedincurablejustafewyearsagocannow
be offered the hope for a normal life. One of the prime examples is in the treatment of
colorectal cancer metastatic to the liver, where institutions are now reporting 5-year
survivalratesapproaching60%inresectabledisease.
Wehavegatheredcontributionsfromsomeofthemostimportantinvestigatorsinthe
field,andbelievethatwehaveachievedourgoal.Ouraimistoproduceatextbookthatis
easytoreadandthatcanbeusedasareferencebyallhealthcareprovidersinvolvedinthe
treatmentofpatientswithlivermetastases.Wehopeyouagreewithus.
Texas,USA Jean-NicolasVauthey
SaoPaulo,Brazil PauloM.G.Hoff
Prescot,UK RiccardoA.Audisio
Liverpool,UK GraemeJ.Poston
v
Contents
1 RadiologicalImagingofLiverMetastases .......................................................... 1
CarlosValls,LauraMartı´nez,SandraRuiz,andEstherAlba
2 BiologyofColorectalCancerLiverMetastases................................................. 15
CurtisJ.Wray,AmiN.Shah,RussellS.Berman,andSyedA.Ahmad
3 SurgeryforColorectalMetastases..................................................................... 25
DarioRibero,YunShinChun,andJean-NicolasVauthey
4 DestructiveTherapiesforColorectalCancerMetastases.................................. 39
DanG.BlazerIII,DanielA.Anaya,andEddieK.Abdalla
5 SystemicTherapyforNon-operableColorectalCancerMetastases.................. 51
PauloM.G.HoffandScottKopetz
6 LocoregionalChemotherapyforHepaticMetastasis
ofColorectalCancer ......................................................................................... 59
SimonH.Telian,ByronE.Wright,andAntonJ.Bilchik
7 OncosurgicalStrategiesforUnresectableLiverMetastases............................... 69
RobbertJ. deHaas,DennisA.Wicherts,andRene´Adam
8 AdjuvantChemotherapy................................................................................... 83
ChristophePennaandBernardNordlinger
9 BiologicalsforColorectalCancerMetastases ................................................... 91
GunnarFolprecht
10 InternalRadiationfortheTreatmentofLiverMetastases................................ 99
DouglasM.ColdwellandAndrewS.Kennedy
11 SurgicalTreatmentofColorectalLiverMetastasesinElderlyPatients........... 111
BarbaraL.vanLeeuwen,N.deLiguoriCarino,G.J.Poston,
andR.A.Audisio
vii
viii Contents
12 Health-RelatedQualityofLifeandPalliativeCareinColorectal
LiverMetastases.............................................................................................. 117
ClareByrneandMariLloyd-Williams
13 CarcinoidLiverMetastases:TheCarcinoidSyndrome................................... 129
JohnBendelow,LouiseJones,andGraemeJ.Poston
14 GastrointestinalStromalTumors.................................................................... 137
DanByrdandCharlesBlanke
15 SurgeryforBreastCancerLiverMetastases.................................................... 149
GeorgesVlastosandDariaZorzi
16 Liver-DirectedTherapyforMetastaticMelanomatotheLiver...................... 155
DebashishBoseandTimothyM.Pawlik
17 Non-colorectalGastrointestinalLiverMetastases .......................................... 169
ThomasA.Aloia
Index....................................................................................................................... 179
Contributors
Eddie K. Abdalla, MD, Associate Professor Department of Surgical Oncology, The
UniversityofTexasM.D.AndersonCancerCenter,Houston,TX,USA
Rene´ Adam,MD,PhD,Professor CentreHe´pato-Biliaire,AP-HPHoˆpitalPaulBrousse,
Villejuif,France
SyedA.Ahmad,MD,AssistantProfessorofSurgery DepartmentofSurgery,University
ofCincinnati,Cincinnati,OH,USA
EstherAlba, DepartmentofRadiology,BellvitgeUniversityHospital,Barcelona,Spain
Thomas A. Aloia, MD, Assistant Professor of Surgery Department of Surgery, Weill-
CornellMedicalCollege,TheMethodistHospital,Houston,TX,USA
Daniel A. Anaya, MD, Fellow Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of
TexasM.D.AndersonCancerCenter,Houston,TX,USA
Riccardo A. Audisio, MD, FRCS Department of General Surgery, Whiston Hospital,
UniversityofLiverpool,Prescot,Merseyside,UK
JohnBendelow,MB,ChB,ResidentinSurgery CentreforDigestiveDiseases,University
HospitalAintree,Liverpool,UK
Russell S. Berman, MD, Assistant Professor Department of Surgical Oncology, New
YorkUniversitySchoolofMedicine,NewYork,NY,USA
AntonJ.Bilchik,MD,PhD,FACS,ProfessorofClinicalMedicineandMedical
Director CaliforniaOncologyResearchInstitute,UniversityofCaliforniaLosAngeles,
SantaMonica,CA,USA
CharlesBlanke,MD,FACP,ProfessorofMedicine DepartmentofMedicine,Divisionof
Medical Oncology, University of British Columbia and the British Columbia Cancer
Agency,Vancouver,BC,Canada
Dan G. Blazer III, MD, Fellow Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of
TexasM.D.AndersonCancerCenter,Houston,TX,USA
DebashishBose,MD,PhD,Fellow DepartmentofSurgicalOncology,TheUniversityof
TexasM.D.AndersonCancerCenter,Houston,TX,USA
Dan Byrd, MD Department of Medicine, OHSU Cancer Institute, Vancouver, BC,
Canada
ix
x Contributors
Clare Byrne, MSC RN, Advanced Nurse Practitioner Liverpool Supra-Regional Hepa-
tobiliaryUnit,UniversityHospitalAintree,Liverpool,UK
NicoladeLiguoriCarino,MD Supra-RegionalHepatobiliaryUnit,UniversityHospital
Aintree,Liverpool,UK
YunShinChun,MD,Fellow DepartmentofSurgicalOncology,TheUniversityofTexas
M.D.AndersonCancerCenter,Houston,TX,USA
DouglasM.Coldwell,PhD,MD InterventionalRadiologist,DepartmentofRadiology,
JanePhillipsMedicalCenter,Bartlesville,OK,USA
RobbertJ.deHaas,MD CentreHe´pato-Biliaire,AP-HPHoˆpitalPaulBrousse,Villejuif,
France
GunnarFolprecht,MD,Professor MedicalDepartmentI,UniversityHospitalCarlGus-
tavCarus,Dresden,Germany
PauloM.G.Hoff,MD,FACP,ExecutiveDirector CentrodeOncologia,HospitalSirio
Libanes,SaoPaulo,Brazil
LouiseJones,MSc,AdvancedNursePractitioner CentreforDigestiveDiseases,Univer-
sityHospitalAintree,Liverpool,UK
Andrew S. Kennedy, MD, FACRO, Co-Medical Director Wake Radiology Oncology,
Cary,NC,USA
ScottKopetz,MD,AssistantProfessor DepartmentofGastrointestinalMedicalOncol-
ogy,TheUniversityofTexasM.D.AndersonCancerCenter,Houston,TX,USA
Mari Lloyd-Williams, MD, FRCGP, FRCP, MMedSci, Professor Academic Palliative
andSupportiveCareStudiesGroup,SchoolofPopulation,CommunityandBehavioural
Sciences,UniversityofLiverpool,Liverpool,UK
Laura Martı´nez, Department of Radiology, Bellvitge University Hospital, Barcelona,
Spain
BernardNordlinger,MD,Professor HoˆpitalAmbroisePare´,Boulogne,France
TimothyM.Pawlik,MD,MPH,AssistantProfessorofSurgery DepartmentofSurgery,
Division of Surgical Oncology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Johns Hopkins University
SchoolofMedicine,Baltimore,MD,USA
Christophe Penna, MD, Professor of Surgery Department of Digestive Surgery and
Oncology,AmbroisePareHospital,Boulogne,France
GraemeJ.Poston,MB,BS,MS,FRCS(Eng),FRCS(Ed),Director DivisionofSurgery,
Digestive Diseases, Critical Care and Anaesthesia, Centre for Digestive Diseases, Uni-
versityHospitalAintree,Liverpool,UK
Dario Ribero, MD Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic and Digestive Surgery,
MaurizianoHospitalUmbertoI,Torino,Italy
SandraRuiz, DepartmentofRadiology,BellvitgeUniversityHospital,Barcelona,Spain
Ami N. Shah, MD, Resident Department of Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago,
Chicago,IL,USA
Simon H. Telian, MD, Surgical Oncology Fellow John Wayne Cancer Institute, Santa
Monica,CA,USA
CarlosValls,MD,PhD DepartmentofRadiology,BellvitgeUniversityHospital,Barce-
lona,Spain
Contributors xi
BarbaraL.vanLeeuwen,MD,PhD DepartmentofSurgery,UniversityMedicalCenter
Groningen,Gronigen,TheNetherlands
Jean-NicolasVauthey,MD,ProfessorofSurgery DepartmentofSurgicalOncology,The
UniversityofTexasM.D.AndersonCancerCenter,Houston,TX,USA
Georges Vlastos, MD, Associate Attending Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics,
Division of Gynecology, Senology and Surgical Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Geneva
UniversityHospitals,Geneva,Switzerland
DennisA.Wicherts,MD CentreHe´pato-Biliaire,AP-HPHoˆpitalPaulBrousse,Villejuif,
France
CurtisJ.Wray,MD,Fellow DepartmentofSurgicalOncology,TheUniversityofTexas
M.D.AndersonCancerCenter,Houston,TX,USA
ByronE.Wright,MD,FACS SeniorSurgicalOncologyFellow,DepartmentofSurgical
Oncology,JohnWayneCancerInstitute,SantaMonica,CA,USA
Daria Zorzi, MD, Fellow Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas
M.D.AndersonCancerCenter,Houston,TX,USA
