Table Of ContentASTRONOMY
AND ASTROPHYSICS
ABSTRACTS
A Publication of the Astronomisches Rechen-Institut Heidelberg
Member of the Abstracting Board of the International
Council of Scientific Unions
Volume 18
Literature 1976, Part 2
Edited by
S. B6hme U. Esser W. Fricke U. Giintzel-Lingner
1. Heinrich D. Krahn 1. D. Schmadel G. Zech
Published for
Astronomisches Rechen-Institut
by
SpringerVerlag Berlin Heidelberg GmbH 1977
Astronomisches Rechen-Institut
Heidelberg
Director: Professor Dr. Walter Fricke
Astronomy and Astrophysics Abstracts
Editors-in-Chief: Ute Esser, Dr. Lutz D. Schmadel
Astronomy and Astrophysics Abstracts
is prepared under the auspices
of the International Astronomical Union
ISBN 978-3-662-12309-6 ISBN 978-3-662-12307-2 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-3-662-12307-2
© 1977 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
Originally published by Astronomisches Rechen-Institut Heidelberg in 1977
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1977
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 72-104650.
2153/3130-543210
Preface
Astronomy and Astrophysics Abstracts, which has appeared in semi-annual volumes since 1969, is de
voted to the recording, summarizing and indexing of astronomical publications throughout the world.
It is prepared under the auspices of the International Astronomical Union (according to a resolution
adopted at the 14th General Assembly in 1970).
Astronomy and Astrophysics Abstracts aims to present a comprehensive documentation of literature
in all fields of astronomy and astrophysics. Every effort will be made to ensure that the average time
interval between the date of receipt of the original literature and publication of the abstracts will not
exceed eight months. This time interval is near to that achieved by monthly abstracting journals, com
pared to which our system of accumulating abstracts for about six months offers the advantage of
greater convenience for the user.
Volume 18 contains literature published in 1976 and received before March 1, 1977; some older liter
ature which was received late and which is not recorded in earlier volumes is also included.
We acknowledge with thanks contributions to this volume by Dr. J. Bouska, Prague, who surveyed
journals and publications in Czech and supplied us with abstracts in English, and by Prof. P. Brosche,
Bonn, who supplied us with literature concerning some border fields of astronomy. We want to ac
knowledge valuable contributions by the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organi
zation (C.S.I.R.O.), Sydney, for providing titles and abstracts of papers on radio astronomy, and by
Zentralstelle fUr Atomkernenergie-Dokumentation, Leopoldshafen, which supported our abstracting
service by sending us retrospective literature retrieval.
It is a pleasure to express our warmest thanks again to Ms. Helga BaUmann, Ms. Monika Betz, Ms.
Lore Kiefert, and Ms. Ingrid Wolf, who typed the text of this volume on IBM 72 Composers and
compiled the pages from abstract slips in a perfect form for offset reproduction. We are indebted to
Ms. Elisabeth Feigenbutz for punching material for the author index and for the subject index which
finally were printed with a TN chain on a 1403 IBM high-speed printer. Finally we have to thank
some scientific and technical staff members of the Astronomisches Rechen-Institut, who supported
our task by careful proofreading and punching cards for the indexes, respectively.
Heidelberg, April 1977 Siegfried B6hme Inge Heinrich
Ute Esser Dietlinde Krahn
Walter Fricke Lutz D. Schmadel
Ulrich Giintzel-Lingner Gert Zech
v
Contents
Preface
Introduction
Abbreviations 3
Periodicals, Proceedings, Books, Activities
001 Periodicals. . . . . . . . 7
002 Bibliographical Publications. . 25
003 Books 26
004 History of Astronomy, Chronology 34
005 Biography. . 39
006 Personal Notes. . . . 40
007 Obituaries. . . . . . 42
008 Observatories, Institutes 43
009 Notes on Observatories, Planetaria, and Exhibitions. 55
010 Societies, Associations, Organizations. . . . . . . 56
011 Reports on Colloquia, Congresses, Meetings, Symposia, and Expeditions 60
012 Proceedings of Colloquia, Congresses, Meetings, and Symposia . . 62
013 Reports on Astronomy in Various Countries and Particular Fields,
International Cooperation 68
014 Teaching in Astronomy 69
015 Miscellanea 71
Applied Mathematics, Physics
021 Mathematics, Computing. . . . .. ..... . 73
022 Physical Papers Related to Astronomy and Astrophysics 75
Astronomical Instruments and Techniques
031 Astronomical Optics. . . . . 83
Methods of Observation and Reduction. 86
Data Processing, Automation 93
032 Astronomical Instruments 95
Space Instrumentation. . . 98
033 Radio Telescopes and Equipment 104
034 Astronomical Accessories (Spectrometers, Photometers, etc.) 107
035 Clocks and Frequency Standards 112
036 Photographic Auxiliaries . . . . . . . 112
VII
Positional Astronomy, Celestial Mechanics
041 Positional Astronomy, Astrometry, Star Catalogues and Atlases. 113
042 Celestial Mechanics, Figure of Celestial Bodies. 116
043 Astronomical Constants . . . . . . 125
044 Time, Rotation of the Earth . . . . 126
045 Latitude Determination, Polar Motion 128
046 Astronomical Geodesy, Satellite Geodesy, Navigation 130
047 Ephemerides, Almanacs, Calendars . . . 132
Space Research
051 Extraterrestrial Research, Spaceflight Related to Astronomy and
Astrophysics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
052 Astrodynamics and Navigation of Space Vehicles. 138
053 Lunar and Planetary Probes and Satellites 141
054 Artificial Earth Satellites. . . . . . . . 142
055 Observations of Earth Satellites, Lunar and Planetary Probes. 143
Theoretical Astrophysics
061 General Theoretical Problems of Astrophysics, Gravitational Instability,
Neutrino Astronomy, Infrared, X-Ray, Gamma-Ray Astronomy,
Abundances and Origin of Elements. . . . . 145
062 Hydrodynamics, Magnetohydrodynamics, Plasma . 151
063 Radiative Transfer, Scattering. . . . . . . . . 158
064 Stellar Atmospheres, Stellar Envelopes, Mass Loss 162
065 Star Formation, Stellar Structure and Evolution, Neutron Stars 172
066 Relativistic Astrophysics (without Cosmology), Background Radiation,
Gravitation Theory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
Sun
071 Solar Photosphere, Spectrum 196
072 Sunspots, Faculae, Solar Activity Cycles 203
073 Solar Chromosphere, Flares, Prominences 210
074 Solar Corona, Solar Wind 225
075 Solar Patrol 237
076 Solar UV, X Rays, Gamma Radiation 238
077 Solar Radio Radiation . 243
078 Solar Cosmic Radiation 250
079 Solar Eclipses 253
080 Solar Atmosphere, Figure, Internal Constitution, Neutrinos,
Magnetic Fields, Rotation, Miscellanea 255
VIII
Earth
081 Figure, Composition, and Gravity of the Earth . . . . . . . . .. 264
082 The Earth's Atmosphere Including Refraction, Scintillation, Extinction,
Airglow, Site Testing 268
083 Ionosphere. . . . 275
084 Aurorae. . . . . 280
Geomagnetic Field 283
Radiation Belts. . 291
085 Solar-Terrestrial Relations 292
Planetary System
091 Physics of the Planetary System (Planetary Atmospheres, Figure, Interior,
Magnetic Fields, Rotation, etc.) . 295
092 Mercury. . . . 300
093 Venus . . . . 303
094 Moon: Dynamics 308
Moon: Global Properties. 310
Moon: Local Properties 315
095 Lunar Eclipses . . 320
096 Lunar Occultations 320
097 Mars .... 321
Mars Satellites 330
098 Minor Planets 331
099 Jupiter 335
Jupiter Satellites 347
100 Saturn . . . . 350
Saturn Satellites 352
101 Uranus, Neptune, Pluto, Transplutonian Planets 354
102 Comets (Origin, Structure, Atmospheres, Dynamics). 355
103 Comets: Listed Objects . . 359
104 Meteors, Meteor Streams. . . . . 369
105 Meteorites, Meteorite Craters . . . 373
106 Interplanetary Matter, Interplanetary Magnetic Field, Zodiacal Light. 380
10 7 Cosmogony of the Planetary System. . . . 386
Stars
III Stellar Parallaxes . . . . . . . . . . 388
112 Proper Motions, Radial Velocities, Space Motiofts 389
113 Stellar Magnitudes, Colors, Photometry . 390
114 Stellar Spectra, Temperatures, Spectroscopy . . . 397
Spectra of Individual Stars. . . . . . . . . . 407
115 Stellar Luminosities, Masses, Diameters, HR-Diagrams and Others 413
116 Stellar Magnetic Field, Figure, Rotation . . . . . 415
117 Binary and Multiple Stars, Planetary Companions, Theory 418
118 Visual Double and Multiple Stars . . . . . . . . . . 425
IX
119 Spectroscopic Binaries. . 426
120 Variable Stars: Catalogues, Ephemerides, Miscellanea 429
121 Eclipsing Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 430
122 Intrinsic Variables, Flare Stars, Pulsation Theory. . 440
123 Variable Stars: Lists of Observations, Individual Observations 451
124 Novae 453
125 Supernovae, Supernova Remnants . . . . . . 458
126 Low-luminosity Stars, Sub dwarfs, White Dwarfs 465
Interstellar Matter, Gaseous Nebulae, Planetary Nebulae
131 Interstellar Matter, Polarization of Starlight 470
H I, H II Regions . . . . . . . . 489
132 Emission Nebulae, Reflection Nebulae 498
133 Planetary Nebulae. 502
134 Crab Nebula. . . . 506
Radio Sources, Quasars, Pulsars, Infrared, X-ray, Gamma-Ray Sources, Cosmic Radiation
141 Radio Sources, Quasars 508
Pulsars . . . . . 522
Infrared Sources . 527
142 X-ray, Gamma-Ray Sources. 532
143 Cosmic Radiation . 558
Stellar Systems
lSI Kinematics and Dynamics of Stellar Systems 565
152 Stellar Associations 570
153 Galactic Clusters . . . 572
154 Globular Clusters. . . 576
155 Structure and Evolution of the Galaxy. 581
156 Galactic Magnetic Field 589
157 Galactic Radio Radiation. . 590
158 Single and Multiple Galaxies 592
Peculiar Objects . . 610
159 Magellanic Clouds. . 612
160 Clusters of Galaxies . 614
161 Intergalactic Matter . 620
162 Structure and Evolution of the Universe, Cosmology 621
Author Index . 631
SUbject Index. 745
x
Introduction
Astronomical bibliographies (l) Titles of papers are given in the language of their authors
whenever possible. If they are not in English but supplied
Astronomy and Astrophysics Abstracts begins documenta with English translations they will be given in English. Ab
tion and abstracting from the year 1969. For information stracts are presented in English, French or German. Titles of
on astronomical literature before this date consultation of papers in Russian are given in English.
one of the following bibliographies is suggested: (2) Authors' abstracts are used whenever possible. As a rule,
(1) J. J. de Lalande, Bibliographie Astronomique, Paris 1803 popular articles were not abstracted; however their titles are
(this work covers the time from 480 B. C. to the year 1803, usually given with the notation "Popular article".
VIII + 966 pages). (3) As a rule, each paper has been classified into one of 108
(2) J. C. Houzeau, A. Lancaster, Bibliographie generale de numbered subject categories and allocated a serial number
I'astronomie, Volume I (in two parts), Bruxelles 1882, 1887, within the category. In this way each item is numbered by
Volume II, Bruxelles 1889. The complete title of Volume II six figures, the first three of which indicate the number of
is "Bibliographie generale de I'astronomie ou catalogue me the category. Three further figures indicate the serial number
thodique des ouvrages, des memoires et des observations within the category, which was allocated in the order of the
astronomiques, publies depuis I'origine de I'imprimerie jus receipt of the abstract. Reference to an abstract in Volume I
qu'en 1880". A new edition of these volumes was prepared is indicated by "0 I" before the number of the category; for
by D. W. Dewhirst in 1964. example, 01.074.028, denotes Volume I, category 074, ab
(3) Bibliography of Astronomy, 1881 -1898. The literature stract 028, Vol. 2 is indicated by "02", etc., Vol. 18 by"18'~
of this period was recorded on standard slips by the Observa
toire Royal de Belgique. From the material (some 52,000 A paper may have been classified into more than one catego
items) a microfIlm version was produced by University Mi ry. Then its abstract has been allocated a number in one of
crofIlms Limited, Tylers Green, High Wycombe, Bucking the categories involved, and in the other category (or catego
hamshire, England, in 1970. ries) the paper has been indicated by the title and a reference
(4) Astronomischer Jahresbericht, 1899 gegriindet von Walter to the abstract number.
Wislicenus, herausgegeben vom Astronomischen Rechen-Insti Papers whose authors are not named were treated like those
tut in Heidelberg (formerly in Berlin), Verlag W. de Gruyter, with authors' names, with one exception: reports from cor
Berlin. For the period from 1899 to 1968 sixty-eight volumes respondents of journals whose names were unknown were
were published, each of which, in general, covers the litera not numbered.
ture of one year.
(5) Bulletin Signaletique - Section 120: Astronomie, Physi (4) Border fields of astronomy and astrophysics have been
que Spatiale, Geophysique. Published by Centre de Documen taken into account by presenting titles of papers occasional
tation du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris. ly without abstracts. The selection of papers for inclusion has
This publication is a continuation of "Bibliographie Men been made according to the degree of relevance to astronomi
suelle de l'Astronomie" founded in 1933 by the Societe cal research.
Astronomique de France. The publication is continued.
(6) Referativnyj Zhurnal. Founded in 1953 and published by Transliteration of the Russian alphabet
Vsesoyuznyj Institut Nauchnoj i Tekhnicheskoj Informatsii,
Akademiya Nauk, Moskva. The publication is continued. The transliteration of the Russian alphabet in use in Astrono
my and Astrophysics Abstracts is presented here.
Concept of Astronomy and Astrophysics Abstracts A a a P p r
B 6 b C c s
This abstracting service aims to present a comprehensive doc-
urn entation of the literature in all fields of astronomy and B B V T T t
astrophysics. It appears in semi-annual volumes, two of which r r g Y Y u
cover the literature of a calendar year. The half-yearly period l1: II; d <1> «P f
of issue is regarded as an optimal period of time for summariz- E e e X x kh
aoinbrgisg tpirnaaacplte slr ista esir naqttouu ircseuk. blTyje hcaest tcpiamotseesg ilobirmliee istas fa tanetdr wfthoheri c tphhu etb hpleirce adsteoinoctunam toioefnn tt hoae-f mE em ez h qu: q~ ctsh
tion begins and ends for a volume are not sharply defined, 3 a z III III sh
except in the sense that all literature will be covered which 11 H LQ ~ shch
wVaosl. re1c8e iivs edde bvyo ttehde teod itthoer sr weciothrdinin tgh,e sseu mlimmaitrsi.z ing and index- H it j 'b "b "
ing of astronomical publications of the year 1976 received K Ii k bI hI Y
from August 16, 1976 to March I, 1977; it also records a JI JI b b I
number of papers issued before 1976 but received within the M M m 0 a eh
period of time. R H n 10 IO yu
The main characteristics of the concept of Astronomy and 0 0 0 H II ya
Astrophysics Abstracts may be summarized briefly. n IT p
