Liquid Chromatographic Analysis of Food and Beverages, Volume 2

340 Pages·1979·7.93 MB·English

Liquid Chromatographic Analysis
of Food and Beverages
Volume 2
Academic Press Rapid Manuscript Reproduction
Proceedings of a Symposium on the Analysis of Food and
Beverages by HPLC, Held in Honolulu, Hawaii, April 1-6, 1979
LIQUI D CHROMATOGRAPHIC
ANALYS ISOF FOO DAND
BEVERAGES
Volume 2
Edited b y
GEORGE CHARALAMBOUS
Agricultural and Food Chemistry Division
of the American Chemical Society
St. Louis, Missouri
ACADEMIC PRESS New York San Francisco London 1979
A Subsidiary of Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Publishers
COPYRIGHT © 1979, BY ACADEMIC PRESS, INC.
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
NO PART OF THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE REPRODUCED OR
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ACADEMIC PRESS, INC.
Ill Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10003
United Kingdom Edition published by
ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. (LONDON) LTD.
24/28 Oval Road, London NW1 7DX
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Main entry under title:
Liquid chromatographic analysis of food and
beverages.
1. Food—Analysis—Congresses. 2. Beverages-
Analysis—Congresses. 3. Liquid chromatography—
Congresses. I. Charalambous, George,
TP372.5.L56 664'.07 78-27595
ISBN 0-12-169002-4 (V. 2)
PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
79 80 81 82 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Contents
Contributors vii
Foreword \x
Contents of Volume 1 xi
High Pressure Liquid Chromatography "Everything a Food
Chemist Wanted in an Analytical Technique—and More" 237
E. C. Conrad
A Guide to HPLC Instrument Selection in the Food Science
Laboratory 255
P. Y. Howard and J. C. Hodgin
Study of Flavor Constituents Produced from L-Rhamnose-HS-NH
2 3
Model System Using HPLC 303
K. Yamaguchi, S. Mihara, A. Aitoku, and T. Shibamoto
Analysis of Gluconic Acid in Botrytised Wines 331
Β. H. Gump and S. A. Kupina
HPLC of Carbohydrate Products 353
W. A. Davis and C. G. Hartford
Estimation of Dextrose Equivalent Value of Starch Hydrolysates
from Liquid Chromatographic Profiles 363
D. L. Kiser and R. L. Hagy
Reducing Sugar Derivatization for Ultraviolet Absorption Detection
in HPLC Analyses 379
G. F. Russell, G. Takeoka, and M. A. Lawson
υ
vi Contents
The Quantitative Determination of Dextromethorphan
Hydrobromide in Cough Remedies by High Precision Liquid
Chromatography 397
A. Manz and H. Jacin
The Advantages of Reversed Phase HPLC in the Quantitative
Analysis of Foods and Beverages 411
D. J. Popovich and D. Southern
Separation of Hop Compounds by Reverse-Phase HPLC 441
W. G. Schulze, P. L. Ting, and H. Goldstein
Concurrent Analysis of Vitamin A and Vitamin Ε by Reverse-Phase
High Performance Liquid Chromatography 477
J. W. DeVries, D. C. Egberg, and J. C. Heroff
Use of High Performance Liquid Chromatography to Determine
Patulin in Apple Juice 499
R. E. Brackett and Ε. H. Marth
New Approaches to the Analysis of Low Molecular Weight
Polymers 509
G. Dallas and S. D. Abbott
Analysis of Polymethoxylated Flavones in Orange Juice and Fruit
Parts 537
R. Rouseff and S. V. Ting
Index 559
Contributors
Abbott, 5. D. (509), DuPont Instruments, Quillen Building—Concord Plaza, Wil­
mington, Delaware 19898
Aitoku, A. (303), Ogawa & Co., Ltd., 6-32-9 Akabanenishi, Kita-Ku, Tokyo,
Japan
Bracken, R. E. (499), University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Food
Science, Babcock Hall, 1605 Linden Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
Conrad, E. C. (237), Waters Scientific Ltd., 6480 Viscount Rd., Mississaugua,
Ontario, Canada
Dallas, G. (509), Dupont Instruments, Quillen Building—Concord Plaza, Wil­
mington, Delaware 19898
Davis, W. A. (353), Miles Laboratories, Industrial Products Group, Elkhart, In­
diana 46515
DeVries, J. W. (All), General Mills, Inc., Medallion Laboratories, 9000 Ply­
mouth Avenue North, Minnesota 55427
Egberg, D. C. (477), General Mills, Inc., Medallion Laboratories, Minneapolis,
Minnesota 55427
Goldstein, H. (441), Research Laboratories, Miller Brewing Co., 3939 West High­
land Blvd., Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53208
Gump, Β. H. (331), Department of Chemistry, California State University-
Fresno, Fresno, California 93740
Hagy, R. L. (363), Grain Processing Corporation, 1600 Oregon Street, Muscatine,
Iowa 52761
Hartford, C. G. (353), Miles Laboratories, Industrial Products Group, Elkhart,
Indiana 46515
Heroff, J. C. (477), General Mills, Inc., Medallion Laboratories, 9000 Plymouth
Avenue North, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55427
Hodgin, J. C. (255), Micromeritics Instrument Corporation, 5680 Goshen Spring
Road, Norcross, Georgia 30093
Oil
Contributors
Howard, P. Y. (255), Micromeritics Instrument Corporation, 5680 Goshen Spring
Road, Norcross, Georgia 30093
Jacin, H. (397), Life Savers, Inc., North Main Street, Port Chester, New York
10573
Kiser, D. L. (363), Grain Processing Corporation, 1600 Oregon Street, Muscatine,
Iowa 52761
Kupina, S. A. (331), Department of Chemistry, California State University-
Fresno, Fresno, California 93740
Lawson, M. A. (379), Department of Food Science and Technology, 3450 Chemis­
try Annex, University of California-Davis, Davis, California 95616
Manz, A. (397), Life Savers, Inc., North Main Street, Port Chester, New York
10573
Marth, Ε. H. (499), University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Food Sci­
ence, Babcock Hall, 1605 Linden Drive, Madison, Wisconsin 53706
Mihara, S. (303), Ogawa & Co., Ltd., 6-32-9 Akabanenishi, Kita-Ku, Tokyo,
Japan
Popovich, D. J. (411), Whatman, Inc., 9 Bridewell Place, Clifton, New Jersey
07014
Rouseff, R. (537), Florida Department of Citrus, % A.R.E.C., P.O. Box 1088,
Lake Alfred, Florida 33850
Russell, G. F. (379), Department of Food Science and Technology, 3450 Chemis­
try Annex, University of California-Davis, Davis, California 95616
Schulze, W. G. (441), Research Laboratories, Miller Brewing Co., 3939 West
Highland Blvd., Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53208
Shibamoto, T. (303), Ogawa & Co., Ltd. 6-32-9 Akabanenishi, Kita-Ku, Tokyo,
Japan
Southern, D. (411), Whatman, Inc. 9 Bridewell Place, Clifton, New Jersey 07014
Takeoka, G. (379), Department of Food Science and Technology, 3450 Chemistry
Annex, University of California-Davis, Davis, California 95616
Ting, P. L. (441), Research Laboratories, Miller Brewing Co., 3939 West High­
land Blvd., Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53208
Ting, S. V. (537), Florida Department of Citrus, % A.R.E.C., P.O. Box 1088,
Lake Alfred, Florida 33850
Yamaguchi, #.(303), Ogawa & Co., Ltd. 6-32-9, Akabanenishi, Kita-Ku, Tokyo,
Japan
Foreword
Prior to the introduction of chemically bonded stationary phases in the late 1960s,
separation scientists isolating and identifying lipophilic compounds or compounds
with lipophilic segments in the reversed phase mode were confronted with difficult
problems. Typical of the difficulties were: saturating the liquid mobile phase to
insure that the stationary phases were not stripped from the support, utilizing high
solvent flow velocities were not possible because of the resultant temperature
changes, and stripping of the stationary phase from the solvent support. In addition,
restrictions related to the polarity of the mobile phase, gradient and temperature-
elution techniques made liquid/liquid reversed-phase chromatography a little used
laboratory technique.
The introduction of chemically bonded phases in the early 1970s eliminated many
if not all of the drawbacks of liquid/liquid reversed-phase chromatography, and it
quickly developed into one of the most useful separation techniques in HPLC. This
fact alone is somewhat unusual because prior to the introduction of chemically
bonded phases, virtually all of the developments in HPLC took place as a result of
the technology learned and developed for TLC and column chromatography.
Perhaps for the first time, HPLC has been the proving ground to set the develop
ment stage for products and techniques in TLC and preparative high-performance
LC.
Reversed-phase chromatographic techniques and separations utilizing chemically
bonded phases were initially restricted to the efforts of industrial and pharmaceutical
researchers attempting to quantify quickly and isolate those compounds that were
virtually impossible to separate in the adsorption, gel permeation, or ion-exchange
liquid chromatographic modes. Within a period of 5 to 10 years this "research" tool
quickly expanded as the result of reversed-phase separation techniques which
markedly expanded the role and utilization of reversed-phase chromatography; for
example, the quantification of the elution power of organic solvents utilized in the
mobile phase, solvent and temperature-gradient techniques, ion suppression
techniques, and ion-pair chromatography.
ix