Table Of ContentLexikon of the hispanic Baroque
Joe R. and TeResa Lozano Long seRies in LaTin ameRican and LaTino aRT and c uLTuRe
edited B y evonne Levy and kenneth MiLLs
Lexikon
of the
Hi<panic Baroque
transatLantic exchange
and t ransforMation
University of Texas Press, Austin
Copyright © 2013 by the University of Texas Press
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LiBrary of congress cataLoging- in- puBLication data
Lexikon of the Hispanic Baroque : Transatlantic Exchange and
Transformation / Edited by Evonne Levy and Kenneth Mills.
pages cm. — (Joe R. and Teresa Lozano Long Series
in Latin American and Latino Art and Culture)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
isBn 978-0-292-75309-9 (cl. : alk. paper)
1. Civilization, Hispanic. 2. Civilization, Baroque. 3. Spain—
Civilization—1516–1700. 4. America—Civilization. I. Levy,
Evonne Anita, 1961– editor of compilation. II. Mills,
Kenneth, 1964– editor of compilation.
cB226.L49 2013
909.0468073—dc23 2012043893
10.7560/753099
contents
List of iLLustrations vii
acknowLedgMents xi
introduction: Technologies of Transatlantic Exchange and Transformation 1
Evonne Levy and Kenneth Mills
spain spanish aMerica
Afterlife—Carlos M. N. Eire 9 Afterlife—Ramón Mujica Pinilla 13
Animal—Marcy Norton 17 Animal—Marcy Norton 21
Cartography—Ricardo Padrón 25 Cartography—Alessandra Russo 29
Center—Carlos M. N. Eire 33 Center—Stephanie Merrim 37
Church: Interior—Evonne Levy 41 Church: Interior—Jaime Lara 47
Church: Place—Jesús Escobar 51 Church: Place—Michael Schreffler 57
City—Jesús Escobar 61 City—Richard L. Kagan 65
Clergy—Gretchen Starr- LeBeau 69 Clergy—Karen Melvin 73
Comedy—Juan Luis Suárez 77 Comedy—Frederick Luciani 80
Confession—Sara T. Nalle 83 Confession—Bruce Mannheim 87
Convent—Elizabeth A. Lehfeldt 91 Convent—Asunción Lavrin 95
Dream—Enrique Fernández- Rivera 99 Dream—Beatriz de Alba- Koch 103
Dress—Amanda Wunder 107 Dress—Gridley McKim- Smith 111
Engraving—Ralph Dekoninck 117 Engraving—Clara Bargellini 121
Epic—Elizabeth B. Davis 125 Epic—Paul Firbas 129
Food—James Amelang 133 Food—Felipe Fernández- Armesto 137
Governance—Antonio Feros 141 Governance—Alejandro Cañeque 145
History—Richard L. Kagan 150 History—Kathleen Myers and Pablo García Loaeza 153
Honor—Scott K. Taylor 156 Honor—Peter Gose 159
Inquisition—Stefania Pastore 163 Inquisition—Martin Nesvig 167
Knowledge—Fernando Bouza 171 Knowledge—Martin Oliver Carrión 175
Labor—Ruth MacKay 179 Labor—Kris E. Lane 183
Language—Manuel Peña Díaz 186 Language—Alan Durston 189
Library—Jonathan E. Carlyon 193 Library—Pedro Guibovich Pérez 197
Living Image—Victor I. Stoichita 201 Living Image—Thomas B. F. Cummins 207
Love—Stephen Rupp 213 Love—Sarah H. Beckjord 216
Miscegenation—Cristian Berco 219 Miscegenation—Ilona Katzew 221
vi spain spanish aMerica
Mission—Benjamin Ehlers 225 Mission—Kenneth Mills 229
Music: Cathedrals—Greta Olson 233 Music: Cathedrals—Bernardo Illari 237
Music: Convents—Colleen R. Baade 240 Music: Convents—Aurelio Tello 243
Music: Missions—Francisco Luis Rico Callado 246 Music: Missions—Piotr Nawrot 249
e
u
q
o Opera—Louise K. Stein 253 Opera—José A. Rodríguez Garrido 256
r
a
c B Prayer—Carlos M. N. Eire 259 Prayer—Sabine MacCormack 262
ni
pa Prophecy—Felipe Pereda 267 Prophecy—Ramón Mujica Pinilla 270
s
hi
e Rebellion—John H. Elliott 275 Rebellion—R. Douglas Cope 278
h
t
of Religious Drama—Elizabeth Wright 281 Religious Drama—Louise M. Burkhart 284
n
ko Saint—Jodi Bilinkoff 287 Saint—William B. Taylor 291
xi
Le Science—Thomas F. Glick 295 Science—Daniela Bleichmar 298
Self- Fashioning—Laura R. Bass 301 Self- Fashioning—Jorge Cañizares- Esguerra 304
Ship—Carla Rahn Phillips 307 Ship—Frederick Luciani 311
Sin—Allyson M. Poska 317 Sin—Stuart B. Schwartz 321
Sodomy—Cristian Berco 324 Sodomy—Pete Sigal 326
Supernatural—Andrew Keitt 329 Supernatural—Fernando Cervantes 333
index 337
iLLustrations
figure 1. Printing Press with a Heart Impressed with the figure 14. The City of the Kings of Lima, Royal High
Name of Charles II, engraving, in José de Buendía, Court, Principal City of the Kingdom of the Indies,
Parentación real al soberano nombre e immortal memoria Residence of the Viceroy, and Archbishopric of the Church
del Católico Rey de las Españas y Emperador de las (La Ciudad de los Reyes de Lima), pen and ink on paper,
Indias, 1701 4 in Felipe Guaman Poma de Ayala, El primer nueva
corónica y buen gobierno, ca. 1615 38
figure 2. Kingdoms and Provinces Converted by the Society
of Jesus, engraving, in Johannes Bolland, Imago primae figure 15. True Image of a Papist Church, engraving,
saeculi Societatis Iesu, 1640 4 ca. 1600 42
figure 3. The Ten Commandments in Spanish and Huastec, figure 16. Juan de Herrera (architect), High Altar,
woodcut, in Juan de la Cruz, Doctrina christiana en la 1595 (completed), Basilica of San Lorenzo de El
lengua Guasteca co[n] la lengua castellana, 1571 4 Escorial 43
figure 4. Sea- Dragon Pendant, pearls, gold, and enamel, figure 17. Camarín of the Virgin of Victory, 1727–1797,
late sixteenth century, Spain 5 Church of the Victory, Málaga 44
figure 5. Always Himself, engraving, in Diego Saavedra figure 18. José de Bada and Jacinto Morató, Camarín
Fajardo, Idea de un príncipe político christiano, 1640 7 of the Virgin of the Rosary, begun 1710–1720, completed
1773, Church of Santo Domingo, Granada 44
figure 6. Cornelis Galle I, Souls in Purgatory, engraving,
1610–1650 10 figure 19. High Altar, late seventeenth century, Parish
Church of San Pedro Andahuaylillas, Peru 46
figure 7. Cornelis Galle II, Monument Dedicated to
Baltasar Carlos, Son of Philip IV, upon His Killing a Bull figure 20. Tomás Roldán, Angel on the Toral Arch,
and a Wild Boar during a Hunt, engraving, 1642 16 polychrome and gilded wood, before 1650, Church
of Tópaga, Colombia 48
figure 8. Alpaca or Llama (an Indian Sheep), engraving,
in Ulrich Schmidel, Warhafftige Historien einer figure 21. Tabernacle- Ark, gilded wood, 1745, Church
wunderbaren Schiffart . . . , 1599 20 of the Company of Jesus, Quito, Ecuador 48
figure 9. Franciscus Hogenberg, World Map, engraving, figure 22. Crossing and Transept Altar, first quarter
in Abraham Ortelius, Theatrum orbis terrarum, of the eighteenth century, Church of Santa María
1570 24 Tonantzintla, Puebla, Mexico 49
figure 10. World Map of the Kingdom of the Indies of figure 23. Domingo de Andrade, Pórtico Real, 1696–
Peru with the Four- Part Division of the Inca Empire of 1700, Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela 52
Tawantinsuyu, pen and ink on paper, in Felipe Guaman
figure 24. Original design by Sebastián Herrera
Poma de Ayala, El primer nueva corónica y buen
Barnuevo (completed by Pedro de Ribera), Church of
gobierno, ca. 1615 28
Nuestra Señora de Montserrat, 1668–1733, Madrid 53
figure 11. Melchor Alfaro de Santa Cruz, Map of the
figure 25. Fernando de Casas y Novoa, Obradoiro
Province of Tabasco, relación geográfica, 1579 30
(west) facade, 1739–1750, Cathedral of Santiago
figure 12. Map of Tamiagua and Tamtotol (Veracruz), de Compostela 54
1583 31
figure 26. Cathedral of Cusco, ca. 1550–1700 56
figure 13. Abraham Ortelius, El Escorial, engraving,
figure 27. Juan Tomás Tuyru Túpac (designer), Church
1591 34
of San Pedro, construction begun 1699, Cusco 59
viii figure 28. Pedro Teixeira, Topographia de la Villa de figure 44. Shawl, silk plain weave, ca. 1790, Mexico 114
Madrid, engraving, 1656 62
figure 45. Jesus Calms a Storm at Sea, engraving,
figure 29. Antonio Manzelli, Verdadero retrato del 1593 116
suntuoso edifiçio de la plaça de la muy noble Villa
figure 46. Jan Sadeler after Maarten de Vos, Saint John
de Madrid, engraving, ca. 1623 63
the Evangelist on Patmos, engraving, second half of the
e figure 30. View and Plan of the City of Santiago, sixteenth century 118
u
q
o engraving, in Alonso de Ovalle, Histórica relación
r figure 47. Lucas Vorsterman I, Apparition of the Angel
Ba de reyno de Chile, 1646 66
c to the Three Marys, engraving, 1622–1628 119
ni
pa figure 31. Jost Amman, The Spanish Priest, woodcut, in
s figure 48. Roman (?), Copper Plate with Images of the
hi Hans Weigel, Habitus praecipuorum populorum . . . ,
e Trinity, Christ, the Virgin, and Saints, 1640 122
h
t 1639 70
f
o
n figure 49. Diego de Ocaña, La bella Guacolda, pen and
o figure 32. Jost Amman, The Spanish Priest’s Concubine,
k ink and watercolor on paper, 1599–1605 128
xi woodcut, in Hans Weigel, Habitus praecipuorum
e
L
populorum . . . , 1639 72 figure 50. Romeyne de Hooghe, The Spanish Caravan,
etching, 1702 132
figure 33. Joseph Morales, The Venerable Father Ignacio
Raphael Coromina of the Society of Jesus, Apostle of figure 51. Antonio de Pereda, Still Life with an Ebony
Guanajuato, engraving, 1764 74 Chest, oil on canvas, 1652 134
figure 34. Attributed to Francisco Bejarano, figure 52. La Xocolatada, painted tile, 1710 136
Confession of a Noble Inca, engraved copper plate,
figure 53. Jan Baptist Berterham, Homage and Oath of
ca. 1612–1620 86
Loyalty to King Philip V by the Kingdom of Castile and
figure 35. The Habits of the Nuns of New Spain, oil on Leon, etching and engraving, Brussels, 1703 140
canvas, eighteenth century, Mexico 94
figure 54. Frans Hogenberg, Philip II in Council at
figure 36. Engraved frontispiece to Francisco de Segovia, etching, ca. 1570 142
Quevedo y Villegas, Obras de don Francisco de Quevedo
figure 55. Luis de Velasco and Indian Magistrates of
Villegas, 1699 98
Mexico, pen and ink and wash on paper, 1563–1565 146
figure 37. Francisco Eduardo Tresguerras, True Dream
figure 56. Good Government: President, Civil Judges,
(Sueño verdadero), ink on paper, 1796 102
Criminal Judges, Prosecutor, and Chief Constable of This
figure 38. Franz Huys, Queen Anne of Austria, engraving, Kingdom (Buen gobierno: La Audiencia de Lima), pen
ca. 1600 106 and ink on paper, in Felipe Guaman Poma de Ayala,
El primer nueva corónica y buen gobierno, ca. 1615 147
figure 39. Carta ejecutoria de Don Francisco y Don
Fernando Ramírez de la Trapera de la ciudad de Úbeda, figure 57. Francisco Rizi, Auto da fe on the Plaza Mayor
tempera on parchment, Granada, 1633 108 in Madrid, oil on canvas, 1683 162
figure 40. Juan Pantoja de la Cruz, Portrait of Don Diego figure 58. Auto da fe in the Town of San Bartolomé
de Villamayor, oil on canvas, 1605 109 Otzolotepec, oil on canvas, 1716 168
figure 41. Juan Carreño de Miranda, Portrait of Doña figure 59. The Exercises of Holy Father Ignatius Sharpen
Inés de Zúñiga, Countess of Monterrey, oil on canvas, One’s Powers for Spiritual Leisure, engraving, 1640 178
ca. 1650s–1670s 109
figure 60. The Royal or Ordinary Forge Where the Gold
figure 42. Uncu with Tocapu, tapestry weave, mid- to late Coming from the Mines Is Made: Erected by the King
sixteenth century, Andes 112 of Spain to Levy His Tribute (Gold Smelting), pen and
brown ink with watercolor, ca. 1586 182
figure 43. Attributed to Manuel de Arellano, Rendering
of a Mulata (Diceño de Mulata), oil on canvas, 1711 113 figure 61. Baptismal Chapel (entrance), Parish Church
of San Pedro Andahuaylillas, seventeenth century 190
figure 62. José de Nava, Plan of the Sumptuous Library of figure 76. Emanuel Sanctus (?), San Francisco Solano, ix
the Illustrious Palafox Seminary in Puebla de los Ángeles engraved frontispiece to Pedro Rodríguez Guillén,
Built for the Common Good, 1771, engraving, after El sol, y año feliz del Perú San Francisco Solano, apóstol
1771 196 y patrón universal de dicho reyno, 1735 250
figure 63. Francisco de Zurbarán, St. Francis of Assisi, figure 77. Juan de Roelas, Allegory of the Immaculate
oil on canvas, ca. 1640–1650 200 Conception, oil on canvas, 1616 266
L
is
figure 64. Eugenio Cajés, Pope Nicholas V before the figure 78. Michelangelo Cerquozzi, Revolt of Masaniello, t o
f
Body of St. Francis, black lead and pen and ink and oil on canvas, 1648 274 iL
L
u
sepia wash with white lead on brown paper, squared s
figure 79. Prune, Do Not Cut, engraving, in Diego tr
in pencil, ca. 1613 202 a
t
Saavedra Fajardo, Idea de un príncipe político christiano, io
n
figure 65. Jean- Jacques Boissieu, St. Francis of Assisi, 1640 276 s
etching, 1797 203
figure 80. Matías de Arteaga, Monument to Saint
figure 66. Pedro de Mena, St. Francis Standing in Ecstasy, Ferdinand, etching, in Fernando de la Torre Farfán,
polychrome wood, glass, cord, ivory, and human hair, Fiestas de la S. Iglesia metropolitana y patriarcal de
1663 203 Sevilla . . . , 1671 288
figure 67. Niño Jesús de Huanca, oil on canvas, figure 81. True Effigy of a Crucifix in a Tree, engraving, in
eighteenth century, Peru 206 Alonso de Ovalle, Histórica relación del reyno de Chile,
1646 292
figure 68. The Statue of the Virgin of Candlemas with
Patrons and Maiscapacha, oil on canvas, early to mid- figure 82. Passion Flower (Granadillae ramus), woodcut,
eighteenth century, Peru 208 in Juan Eusebio Nieremberg, Historia naturae, maxime
peregrinae, 1635 299
figure 69. Tomás Tairu, The Virgin of Almudena,
polychrome wood, 1686. Church of Almudena, figure 83. Attributed to Alonso Sánchez Coello, Seville
Cusco 208 Port Scene, oil on canvas, ca. 1590 308
figure 70. Tomás Tairu, The Virgin of Almudena, figure 84. Triumphal Ship (from the series by
polychrome wood (dressed), 1686. Church of G. Becanus), engraving, 1636 309
Almudena, Cusco 209
figure 85. Abraham Casembroot, Shipwreck, etching,
figure 71. F. F. Begarano, engraved frontispiece to first half of the seventeenth century 312
Fernando de Valverde, Santuario de Nuestra Señora
figure 86. Simon Novellanus after Cornelis Cort,
de Copacabana en el Perú, 1641 210
Allegorical Shipwreck, etching, ca. 1595 314
figure 72. Raphael Sadeler I, Love (from The Four Ages
figure 87. The Seven Deadly Sins, engraving, 1612–
of Man), engraving, 1591 212
1633 316
figure 73. Juan Patricio Morlete Ruiz (Mexico, 1713–
figure 88. Pieter van der Heyden, Lust (Luxuria),
1781), X. From Spaniard and Return Backwards, Hold-
engraving, 1558 318
Yourself Suspended- in- Mid- Air (De español y torna atrás,
tente en el aire), oil on canvas, ca. 1760 222 figure 89. How the Spanish Mistreat Their Male and
Female Black Slaves, and How the Good Slaves Endure
figure 74. True Effigy of the Venerable Servant of God,
It All in Patience and for the Love of God, pen and ink
Beato Francisco Solano, engraved frontispiece to Diego
on paper, in Felipe Guaman Poma de Ayala, El primer
Córdoba y Salinas, Vida, virtudes y milagros del nuevo
nueva corónica y buen gobierno, ca. 1615 320
apóstol del Peru, 1676 228
figure 90. Girard Audran, St. Ignatius of Loyola Assailed
figure 75. The Blessing and Placing of the First Stone
by Demons, etching, Paris, 1660–1703 330
of a New Church Building, in Pontificale Romanum,
1595 234 figure 91. Nicolaas de Bruyn, St. James Brings the King
and Queen of Spain to Life, engraving, 1600 331
