Table Of Content(cid:47)(cid:40)(cid:59)(cid:44)(cid:38)(cid:50)(cid:49)(cid:3)(cid:42)(cid:53)(cid:36)(cid:48)(cid:48)(cid:36)(cid:55)(cid:44)(cid:38)(cid:50)(cid:53)(cid:56)(cid:48)
(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:36)(cid:3)(cid:37)(cid:76)(cid:82)(cid:16)(cid:37)(cid:76)(cid:69)(cid:79)(cid:76)(cid:82)(cid:74)(cid:85)(cid:68)(cid:83)(cid:75)(cid:76)(cid:70)(cid:68)(cid:79)(cid:3)(cid:38)(cid:82)(cid:80)(cid:83)(cid:68)(cid:81)(cid:76)(cid:82)(cid:81)
(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:3)(cid:87)(cid:82)(cid:3)(cid:87)(cid:75)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:43)(cid:76)(cid:86)(cid:87)(cid:82)(cid:85)(cid:92)(cid:3)(cid:82)(cid:73)(cid:3)(cid:47)(cid:76)(cid:81)(cid:74)(cid:88)(cid:76)(cid:86)(cid:87)(cid:76)(cid:70)(cid:86)
General Editor:
Harro Stammerjohann
Walter de Gruyter, Inc.
LEXICON GRAMMATICORUM
LEXICON GRAMMATICORUM
A Bio-Bibliographical Companion to the History of Linguistics
Second Edition, Revised and Enlarged
General Editor:
Harro Stammerjohann
Co-Editors:
Sylvain Auroux, Dieter Cherubim, Bernard Colombat,
Laurent¸ia Dasca˘lu Jinga, Tullio De Mauro, Donatella Di Cesare,
Steven N. Dworkin, Viktoria Eschbach-Szabo, John N. Green,
Anne Grondeux, Robert Hammel, Eric. P. Hamp, Christoph Harbsmeier,
Caroline C. Henriksen, Werner H5llen†, Mikl6s Kontra,
Andrzej M. Lewicki, Bruno Lewin, Jolanta Mindak, Jan Noordegraaf,
Georges-Jean Pinault, Ir8ne Rosier, Algirdas Sabaliauskas,
Paul Salmon†, Ram6n Sarmiento, Werner Sasse, Sorin Stati†,
Kees Versteegh
English-Language Editors:
Lois Grossman and Mark DeVoto
n
Max Niemeyer Verlag
T5bingen 2009
Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek
Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbiblio-
grafie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet ber http://dnb.ddb.de abrufbar.
ISBN 978-3-484-73068-7
* Max Niemeyer Verlag, T bingen 2009
Ein Imprint der Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG
http://www.niemeyer.de
DasWerkeinschließlichallerseinerTeileisturheberrechtlichgesch tzt.JedeVerwertungaußerhalb
der engen Grenzen des Urheberrechtsgesetzes ist ohne Zustimmung des Verlages unzul=ssig und
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Gedruckt auf alterungsbest=ndigem Papier.
Satz: epline, Kirchheimunter Teck
Druck und Einband: Hubert & Co., Gçttingen
Inhaltsübersicht
A 1 Q 1229
B 90 R 1235
C 242 S 1305
D 346 T 1466
E 412 U 1533
F 446 V 1545
G 502 W 1602
H 594 X 1662
I 602 Y 1664
J 734 Z 1673
K 776
L 857
M 948
N 1070
O 1093
P 1109
Preface to the Second Edition
The aim and general format of the LEXICON GRAMMATICORUM (LG) arethe same as laid
outintheprefacetothefirsteditionof1996(below).Iamgratefultothepublisherforgrantingme
theopportunitytocorrecterrors—sometimesembarrassingones—andforagreeingtoexpandthe
numberof entries to over 2,000. Now as then, living scholars, whose work and influence are still
developing,areexcluded.Usersofthefirsteditionwhofoundtheabundantabbreviationsconfus-
ingwillnoticethatthesearenowlimitedtothebibliographies.Theco-editors,includingthosefrom
the first edition, are here listedwith their areas:
– Sylvain Auroux and Bernard Colombat, Paris, France (French-speaking countries)
– DieterCherubim,Gçttingen,Germany(German-speakingcountries)
– Tullio De Mauro and Donatella Di Cesare, both Rome, Italy (Antiquity and Italy)
– Eric P. Hamp, Chicago, IL, USA, and Steven N. Dworkin, Ann Arbor, MI, USA (North
America)
– ChristophHarbsmeier,Oslo,Norway(China)
– Caroline C. Henriksen, Roskilde, Denmark (Scandinavia)
– MiklKs Kontra, Budapest, Hungary (Hungary)
– Andrzej M. Lewicki, Lublin, Poland, and Robert Hammel, Berlin, Germany (Slavic countries)
– Bruno Lewin, Bochum, Germany, and Viktoria Eschbach-Szabo, T bingen, Germany (Japan)
– Jolanta Mindak, Warsaw, Poland, and Robert Hammel, Berlin, Germany (South Slavic coun-
tries)
– Jan Noordegraaf, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (Dutch-speaking countries)
– Georges-Jean Pinault, Paris, France (India)
– IrMne Rosier and Anne Grondeux, Paris, France (Middle Ages)
– Algirdas Sabaliauskas, Vilnius, Lithuania (Baltic countries)
– Paul Salmon†, Oxford, Great Britain, John N. Green, Bradford, Great Britain, and Werner
H llen†, Duisburg-Essen, Germany (Britain and Ireland)
– RamKn Sarmiento, Madrid, Spain, and John N. Green,Bradford,Great Britain (Spanish- and
Portuguese-speaking countries)
– Werner Sasse, Hamburg, Germany (Korea)
– Sorin Stati†, Bologna, Italy, and Lauren¸tia Dasca˘lu Jinga, Bucharest, Rumania (Rumania)
– Kees Versteegh, Nijmegen, The Netherlands (Arabic-speaking world).
Some lacunae were again filled ad hoc by additional specialists, and there are now entries on
modern Greek, Israeli, Maltese, Tibetan and Turkish scholars. As I pointed out in the preface to
thefirstedition,“[a]worklikethiscanneverbefinal,norwilliteverseemsufficientlybalancedto
allreaders”—nortoallcontributors,forthatmatter.Thisremainsastruefor2,000entriesasitwas
for 1,500, and as it would be for any number. In fact, while some critics, as well as some
contributors, urged the inclusion of all major figures, whatever that might mean, others felt that
those who can be easily found in general reference works might as well be omitted in favor of
devotingmorespacetolessuniversallyknownfiguresaboutwhomitisdifficulttofindinformation
elsewhere. But would not one who is looking for information on a linguist, major or otherwise,
rightlyexpectto findhim orherinabio-bibliographicalreferenceworkonthehistoryoflinguis-
tics? And since most major figures were already in the first edition, the expansion to over 2,000
entrieshaspermittedtheinclusion ofagreaternumberoflesser-knownfiguresselectedattheco-
editorsVdiscretion. Forsomelacunae, evenmajorones, thebest explanationI canofferis that no
authors could be foundwhowere willing to contribute.
Obtainingtheupdatesofthefirst-editionentriesfromtheiroriginalauthorsalsoturnedoutto
bedifficultandattimesimpossible.Somehaddied;otherscouldnotbetracedordidnotreply;still
othersdidnotwanttocollaborateagain.Inthosecasestheco-editorseitherfoundotherrevisorsto
update the entries ordid so themselves to thebest of their ability.
Inthesecondedition,allentriesnotwrittenorco-editedbyanativespeakerofEnglishwereread
by Lois Grossman and Mark DeVoto (both of Boston), who pointed out and corrected not only
problemswithlanguagebutalsofactualerrors,suchasfalsedates,wrongtranslations,ormistaken
transliterations.Ithankbothofthemfortheirunflaggingdedication.Onbehalfoftheco-editorsand
myself, I also want to thank Nicole Arnold, Barbara Bayer, Patrick Boylan, Steven N. Dworkin,
Gideon Freudenthal, Michael Job, Joseph Kronick, Karl Ludwig M ller, Dona Munker, David
Pengelley,AnnaPriddy,HeikeRenner-Westermann,AngelikaSchmidt,andPieterSeuren,whoallin
onewayoranother,somewithoutanyformalobligation,helpedtocompletethisproject.Working
withMaxNiemeyerVerlag,thistimeinthepersonofCorneliaSaier,hasagainbeenmostpleasant.
VI PrefacetotheSecondRevisedandEnlargedEdition
Severallinguistswhowouldhavedeservedanentrydiedwhentheprojectwastooadvancedto
commission entries about them. The following havebeen brought to myattention:
Iv(cid:3)n F(cid:6)nagy (b. April 8, 1920, Budapest, Hungary, d. April 11, 2005, Antony, France; phone-
tician and psychoanalyst, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, and Centre National de la
Recherche Scientifique, Paris); Sergej A. Starostin (b. March 23, 1953, Moscow, then USSR, d.
September 30, 2005, Moscow, Russia; comparatist, Russian State University for the Humanities,
Moscow); J(cid:6)zsef Herman(b. August18,1924,Budapest, Hungary, d.October 9,2005,Budapest,
Hungary; Romanist and general linguist, Universityof Venice, Italy, and Hungarian Academyof
Sciences, Budapest); Henry A. Gleason (b. April 18, 1917, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, d. January 13,
2007, El Paso, TX, USA; general linguist, Universityof Toronto, Canada); Winfried P. Lehmann
(b.June23,1916,Surprise,NE,USA,d.August1,2007,Austin,TX,USA;Indo-Europeanistand
historicallinguist,UniversityofTexasatAustin);PaulM.Lloyd(b.September15,1929,Rochester,
NY,USA,d.December6,2007,RiddleVillage,PA,USA;Romanist,UniversityofPennsylvania,
Philadelphia, PA); Alan S. Kaye (b. March 2, 1944, Los Angeles, CA, USA, d. May 31, 2007,
Fullerton, CA; Semiticist, CaliforniaStateUniversityatFullerton); EdoardoVineis (b. March24,
1944,Pisa,Italy,d.August16,2007,Bologna,Italy;LatinistandItalianist,UniversityofBologna);
Tat&jana J. Elizarenkova (b. September 17, 1929, Leningrad, then USSR, d. September 5, 2007,
Moscow,Russia;Indologist,InstituteofOrientalstudies,RussianAcademyofSciences,Moscow);
Eugen A. Helimski (b. March 15, 1950, Odessa, then USSR, d. December 25, 2007, Hamburg,
Germany; Finno-Ugrist, University of Hamburg); Riccardo Ambrosini (b. November 13, 1925,
Livorno, Italy, d. January 13, 2008, San Quirico di Moriano, Lucca, Italy; Indo-Europeanist,
UniversityofPisa,Italy);GiovanniBattistaPellegrini(b.February23,1921,Cencenighe,Belluno,
Italy,d.February2,2008,Padua,Italy;Indo-EuropeanistandRomanist,dialectologist,University
ofPadua).WernerH,llen(b.October17,1927,Cologne,Germany,d.April13,2008,D sseldorf,
Germany;Anglicist,UniversityofDuisburg-Essen,Germany);GiovanniNencioni(b.September11,
1911,Florence,Italy,d.May3,2008,Florence;Italianist,ScuolaNormalediPisaandAccademia
dellaCrusca,Florence);RulonS.Wells,III(b.April30,1919,SaltLakeCity,UT,USA,d.May3,
2008, Salt Lake City, UT; language philosopher, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA); Pier-
giuseppeScardigli(b.October13,1933,Altopascio,Lucca,Italy,d.May27,2008,Florence,Italy;
Germanic philologist, University of Florence); Gerhard Helbig (b. December 29, 1929, Leipzig,
Germany, d. May 29, 2008, Leipzig; specialist in the grammarof German, especiallyas a foreign
language,andhistorianoflinguistics,UniversityofLeipzig);BengtLçfstedt(b.November19,1931,
Lund,Sweden,d.June2,2008,LosAngeles,CA,USA;specialistinMedievalLatin,Universityof
CaliforniaatLosAngeles);HansGlinz(b.Dec.1,1913,Rheinfelden,Switzerland,d.Oct.23,2008,
W=denswil, Switzerland; Germanist, RWTH Aachen University, Germany); Walter Belardi
(b.March22, 1923, Rome, Italy, d. November 1, 2008, Rome; general linguist and Indo-Euro-
peanist,UniversityLaSapienza,Rome);ManlioCortelazzo(b.December19,1918,Padua,Italy,d.
February 3, 2009, Padua;Italianist, Universityof Padua).
WernerH llen,oneoftheco-editorsforBritainandIreland,wasinthemidstofworkingonhis
subsectionwhenhefellill;JohnN.Greenwaskindenoughtocompletethetask.PaulSalmon,co-
editorforBritainandIrelandinthefirstedition,whohelpedmemorethananyonewiththegeneral
conceptoftheproject,diedsoonafterthateditioncameout.IamgladIwasabletocommissionan
entryabouthimandalsooneaboutSorinStati,co-editorforRumania,whoputhisfailingenergies
into the revision of his section; I am grateful to Lauren¸tia Dasca˘lu Jinga for completing it. In
addition to these three, many more names in the following list of authors and revisors had to be
markedwith a dagger.
It is to the memoryofourdeparted colleagues that this edition is dedicated.
Harro Stammerjohann
Frankfurt am Main
March,2009
Preface to the First Edition (1996)
It is the aim of the LEXICON GRAMMATICORUM to provide access to the worldVs linguistic
traditionsthroughtheirmostimportantrepresentatives,excludinglivingscholars,whoseworkand
influencearestilldeveloping.Onlyintherarecaseswherenoindividualsstoodoutwerewholeschools
ofthoughttreatedasentries.
Although the book is organized alphabetically, the actual work was divided into twenty areas
accordingtohistorical,geographicorlinguisticcriteria.Theseareaswereassignedtospecialistco-
editorswhodeterminedtheentriesandeitherwrotethemorassignedthemtootherspecialists.Theco-
editors(withareainparentheses)are:
– SylvainAuroux,Paris,France(French-speakingcountries)
– DieterCherubim,Gçttingen,Germany(German-speakingcountries)
– Tullio De Mauro and Donatella Di Cesare, both Rome, Italy (Greece and Rome; Italy)
– Eric P. Hamp, Chicago, IL, USA (North America)
– Christoph Harbsmeier, Bergen, Norway (China)
– Caroline C. Henriksen, Copenhagen, Denmark (Scandinavia)
– MiklKs Kontra, Budapest, Hungary (Hungary)
– Andrzej M. Lewicki, Lublin, Poland (Slavic countries)
– Bruno Lewin, Bochum, Germany (Japan)
– Jolanta Mindak, Warsaw, Poland (South Slavic countries)
– Jan Noordegraaf, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (Dutch-speaking countries)
– Georges-Jean Pinault, Paris, France (India)
– IrMne Rosier, Paris, France (Middle Ages)
– Algirdas Sabaliauskas, Vilnius, Lithuania (Baltic countries)
– Paul Salmon, Oxford, England (Britain and Ireland)
– RamKn Sarmiento, Madrid, Spain (Spanish- and Portuguese-speaking countries)
– Werner Sasse, Hamburg, Germany (Korea)
– Sorin Stati, Bologna, Italy (Rumania)
– Kees Versteegh, Nijmegen, the Netherlands (Arabic-speaking world).
Any lacunae were filled ad hoc byLEXICON authors or byadditional specialists.
The original plan agreed upon with the publisher provided for 1,000 large-size, double-column
pagescorrespondingto1,000 entries;theaveragelength ofanentrywas tobeonepage. Ofthese
1,000 pages, each co-editor was allocated space roughly proportionate to the area of his or her
responsibility. Within their allotted space, the co-editors suggestedthe entriesto beincluded, and
once the list was agreed upon, the entries were prepared. As is so often the case, however, more
entries were written than originally planned and many turned out longer than expected. In
consequencethetotalnumberofentriesrosetoover1,500.IthereforebegthereaderVsindulgence
for the unseemly numberof abbreviations needed to save space.
In general, each entry consists of three sections: biography; analysis of the work and its
importanceforthehistoryoflinguistics;andbibliography,thelatternecessarilylimitedforreasons
ofspace.Entriesapprovedbytheco-editorwerethenpassedontotheGeneralEditor;bothread
the proofs.
Giventheinternationalnatureoftheundertaking,itwasdeemedappropriatetouseEnglish.James
Kerr,EnglishlecturerattheUniversityofFrankfurt,checkedentriesnotwrittenorco-editedbya
nativespeakerofEnglish.ItistohimfirstofallthatIwishtoexpressmygratitudeforhisunremitting
diligence;toKarinKotitschke,mystudentatFrankfurt,whohasworkedselflesslyontheprojectfor
the last three years; to Rainer Schlçsser, my collaborator at Chemnitz, who oversaw the last two
rounds of proofreading; and to Robert Hammel and Hans-Ingo Radatz, who helped to fill in a
numberoflacunae.Withouttheiridealismandthededicationofthecontributorsitcouldnothave
beencompleted.Iwouldalsoliketothank,onbehalfoftheco-editorsandmyself,KarenM.Booker,
Patrick Boylan, Mark DeVoto, John Dvorachek, Carl Ehrig-Eggert, Daniel Feldhendler, Gerd
Freidhof,LoisGrossman,OskarvonHin ber,MurrayKinloch,AdamMakkai,DorisMeyer,Alain
Morot,DonaMunker,IngridNeumann-Holzschuh,GermYnOlarieta,ThomasRackow,Francesco
Sabatini, Paul Salmon, Vivian Salmon, Axel Schçnberger, Isabel Scholes, Michael Silverstein; the
librariansoftheStadt-undUniversit(cid:31)tsbibliothekFrankfurtfortheirexperthelp;theVereinigungvon
FreundenundFçrderernderJohannWolfgangGoethe-Universit(cid:31)tandtheDeutscheForschungsgemein-
schaftfortheirfinancialsupport;andtheever-patientMarleneKirtonofMaxNiemeyerVerlag.
VIII PrefacetotheFirstEdition(1996)
Aworklikethiscanneverbefinal,norwilliteverseemsufficientlybalancedtoallreaders.Any
suggestionsthatwouldcontributetowardsupdatingandcomplementingtheLEXICONwouldbe
most welcome and greatlyappreciated.
Harro Stammerjohann
FrankfurtamMainandChemnitz
March,1996
Authors and Revisors
CliffordAbbott, Green Bay, WI, USA Karl-Heinz Best, Gçttingen, Germany
Dionisius A. Agius, Leeds, Great Britain Jo]l Biard,Tours, France
Anders Ahlqvist, Sydney, Australia Mechtild Bierbach, D sseldorf, Germany
Federico Albano Leoni, Rome, Italy Laura Biondi, Milan, Italy
Werner Alberts, Gçttingen, Germany Andreas Bittner, M nster, Germany
Jçrn Albrecht, Heidelberg, Germany Herbert Blume, Braunschweig, Germany
Giancarlo Alessio, Venice, Italy Anna J. Bluszcz, Sosnowiec, Poland
John Algeo, Athens, GA, USA Hartmut Bobzin, Erlangen-N rnberg, Ger-
Vladimir M. Alpatov, Moscow, Russia many
Robin Carfrae Alston, London, Great Britain Louis-Jean Bo], Grenoble, France
Gabriel Altmann, Bochum, Germany Winfried Boeder, Oldenburg, Germany
RenZ Amacker, Geneva, Switzerland Anne Bo]s, Paris, France
Roberto Antonelli, Rome, Italy Aleksandr V. Bondarko, St. Petersburg, Russia
Franco Aqueci, Messina, Italy KarenM. Booker, Lawrence, KS, USA
Vassileios Argyropoulos, Athens, Greece Dçrte Borchers, Berlin, Germany
Michel ArrivZ,Nanterre, France Tilman Borsche, Bonn, Germany
John Ale Askedal, Oslo, Norway Egbert Peter Bos, Leiden, The Netherlands
Sylvain Auroux, Paris, France Olivier Boulnois, Paris, France
Robert Austerlitz†, New York, NY, USA Simon Bouquet, Paris, France
Wolfram Ax, Cologne, Germany Jacques Bourquin†, BesanÅon, France
WendyAyres-Bennett,Cambridge,GreatBritain Sonia Branca-Rosoff, Paris, France
Laurent Bray, Heilbronn, Germany
Ursula B=hler, Zurich, Switzerland Cor van Bree, Leiden, The Netherlands
Daniel Baggioni†, Aix-Marseille, France Rolf Hendrik Bremmer Jr., Leiden, The Neth-
Richard W. Bailey, Ann Arbor, MI, USA erlands
Philip Baker, London, Great Britain Frederick H. Brengelman, Fresno, CA, USA
Ferenc Bakos†, Budapest, Hungary Charlotte Brewer, Oxford, Great Britain
Nalini Balbir, Paris, France Dietrich Briesemeister, Jena, Germany
Joachim Ballweg, Mannheim, Germany William Bright†, Boulder, CO, USA
Jerzy Ban´czerowski, Poznan´, Poland Jospeh M. Brincat, St. Julians, Malta
Galina S. Barankova, Moscow, Russia Klaus Brinker†, Hamburg, Germany
Moshe Bar-Asher, Jerusalem, Israel Bela Brogyanyi, Freiburg, Germany
Marc Baratin, Lille, France Christine Brousseau, Paris, France
Hans-Hermann Bartens, Gçttingen, Germany Wolfram Bublitz, Augsburg, Germany
Raija Bartens, Helsinki, Finland Anthony F. Buccini, Chicago, IL, USA
Czesław Bartula, Cracow, Poland Tove Bull, Tromsø, Norway
Irmhild Barz, Leipzig, Germany Robert W. Burchfield†, Oxford, Great Britain
PZter Bassola, Szeged, Hungary Armin Burkhardt, Magdeburg, Germany
Janet M. Bately, London, Great Britain Ulrich Busse, Halle-Wittenberg, Germany
Barbara Bayer, Gçttingen, Germany Theodora Bynon, London, Great Britain
Eric Beaumatin, Paris, France
Lidia Becker, Trier, Germany Mar‘a Luisa Calero Vaquera, CKrdoba, Spain
George Bedell, Los Angeles, CA, USA George Cardona, New Haven, CT, USA
Leszek Bednarczuk, Cracow, Poland Valerio Casadio, Rome, Italy
Wout Jac. van Bekkum, Groningen, The Frederic G. Cassidy†, Madison, WI, USA
Netherlands James E. Cathey, Amherst, MA, USA
Massimo Bellina, Rome, Italy FranÅoise Caujolle-Zaslawsky, Paris, France
Anna G. Belova,Moscow, Russia Courtney B. Cazden, Cambridge, MA, USA
Byron W. Bender, Honolulu, HI, USA Roberta Cervani, Trieste, Italy
Reet Bender, Tartu, Estonia Jirˇ‘ Cˇerny´, Olomouc, Czech Republic
Emmett L. Bennett, Madison, WI, USA FranÅois Charpin†, Paris, France
RenZ van den Berg, Ukarumpa, Papua New Dieter Cherubim, Gçttingen, Germany
Guinea Jean-Claude Chevalier, Paris, France
Lothar Berger, Marburg, Germany Jean-Luc Chevillard, Paris, France
Gabriel Bergounioux, OrlZans, France Jean-Louis Chiss, Paris, France
Knut Bergsland†, Oslo, Norway Alexandru Cisek, M nster, Germany
Giuliano Bernini, Bergamo, Italy GeneviMve Clerico, Rennes, France
