Let’s learn to speak English

90 Pages·01.451 MB·Russian

by  Коллектив авторов

Министерство образования и науки Российской Федерации
Сибирский федеральный университет

LET'S LEARN TO SPEAK ENGLISH

Учебно-методическое пособие

Электронное издание

Красноярск
СФУ
2018
УДК 811.111(07)
ББК 81.432.1я73
L60

Составители: Шелепова Марина Геннадьевна

L60 Let's learn to speak English : учеб.-метод. пособие / сост. :
М. Г. Шелепова. – Электрон. дан. (540 Кб). – Красноярск : Сиб. федер.
ун-т, 2018. – Систем. требования: PC не ниже класса Pentium I ; 128 Mb
RAM ; Windows 98/XP/7 ; Adobe Reader V8.0 и выше. – Загл. с экрана.

Направлено на развитие навыков устной речи. Может быть использовано как
для аудиторной, так и для самостоятельной работы студентов.
Предназначено для студентов 2-3-х курсов, обучающихся по направлениям
01.03.01 «Математика», 01.03.02 «Прикладная математика и информатика», 02.03.01
«Математика и компьютерные науки» в Институте математики и фундаментальной
информатики СФУ.

УДК 811.111(07)
ББК 81.432.1я73

© Сибирский федеральный
университет, 2018

Электронное учебное издание

Подготовлено к публикации издательством
Библиотечно-издательского комплекса

Подписано в свет 19.06.2018. Заказ № 4892
Тиражируется на машиночитаемых носителях

Библиотечно-издательский комплекс
Сибирского федерального университета
660041, г. Красноярск, пр. Свободный, 82а
Тел. [phone]; http://rio.sfu-kras.ru
E-mail: [email protected]
CONTENTS

Пояснительная записка………………………………………………………. 4
To the student………………………………………………………………….. 5
Unit 1 Fast Food……………………………………………………………….. 6
Unit 2 Jobs…………………………………………………………………….. 19
Unit 3 Travelling………………………………………………………………. 30
Unit 4 Friends………………………………………………………………… 41
Unit 5 Family………………………………………………………………….. 50
Unit 6 Shopping……………………………………………………………… 60
Unit 7 Free time……………………………………………………………….. 69
Unit 8 Home…………………………………………………………………… 79
Библиографический список…………………………………………………. 89
3
ПОЯСНИТЕЛЬНАЯ ЗАПИСКА

Настоящее пособие предназначено для студентов 2 и 3 курсов
института математики и фундаментальной информатики, обучающихся
по направлениям:
01.03.01 «Математика»;
01.03.02 «Прикладная математика и информатика»;
02.03.01 «Математика и компьютерные науки».
При создании пособия преследовались следующие цели:
 развить навыки разговорной речи;
 повысить интерактивность обучения;
 создать положительную мотивацию при изучении английского языка;
 увеличить образовательный потенциал;
 помочь учащимся в усвоении материала посредством большого
разнообразия учебных заданий;
 развитие коммуникативной компетентности;
 развитие у учащихся умения выражать своё мнение;
 делать сообщения, содержащие важную информацию по той или иной
теме.
Актуальность создания обусловлена потребностью в разработке
учебного материала для повышения мотивации и качества обучения
студентов в процессе преподавания дисциплины «Иностранный язык».
Пособие включает в себя основные темы, изучаемые по данному
предмету и содержит 8 разделов. В каждый раздел включены задания
по основным аспектам языка: чтение, лексика, грамматика и говорение
и большой спектр тренировочных упражнений.
Автор ставит своей целью сделать данное пособие опорой
для аудиторной и самостоятельной работы студентов при обучении навыкам
разговорной речи и обогащении словарного запаса.
4
TO THE STUDENT

This book is intended for pre-intermediate and intermediate students
of English. It is designed to improve your English speaking skills.
The book will be useful for you if:
 you want to enrich your vocabulary;
 you want to develop your skills;
 you need to develop self-study skills;
 you want to activate your personal opinion;
 you want to get ready for the examination;
 you want to improve your confidence and ability to speak.
To get the most of this book, you have to work hard and take an active part
in discussions.
5
UNIT 1. FAST FOOD

Read and talk about…
 good and bad sides of fast food;
 eating habits;
 different kinds of fast food.
Learn how to…
 describe your likes and dislikes;
 express your opinion;
 use fast food vocabulary.

Lead-in
I. Discuss the following questions.
1. How many meals a day do you have?
2. How often do you have snacks during the day?
3. How often do you eat out? What kind of places do you usually go to?
4. How often do you eat fast food?
5. What kind of food do you prefer?
6. Do you like to cook? Why? Why not?
7. Do you do any sport?

Reading 1
Junk food
In today’s fast-moving world, people have less and less time to spend eating,
let alone cooking. It is probably for this reason that junk food has become so
popular, and there’s no doubt that it’s here to stay. In fact, it seems that you simply
can’t get away from it. One British hotel group recently announced that its guests
are able to order fast food through room service, a move which is seen by many as
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signifying a new era in the couch potato lifestyle. So what exactly is junk food?
Basically, it is anything that is high in calories but lacking in nutrition.
Hamburgers, crisps, chocolate bars and hot dogs fall into this category. Pizzas,
although they can have vegetable and cheese toppings, are also included as they
contain a lot of fat. Obviously, a diet of junk food is not the best thing for your
health, particularly as it is high in saturated fat. In 1993, the Journal of the National
Cancer Institute reported this type of fat to be associated with a greater risk of
cancer. Apart from the risk of cancer, another side effect of consuming highly
fattening junk food is that you are likely to gain weight. This is especially true
because you tend to eat more, as junk food is less satisfying and lower in vital
nutrients than healthier food. The best advice, then, for those who cannot live
without their hamburgers or chocolate bars, is to limit the amount of junk food they
eat. A little now and then will probably do no harm. But why have our eating habits
changed? "It’s lack of time and loss of tradition," says one expert. He explains that
people are too busy to cook and eat proper meals, so they grab whatever is
available – and that is usually junk food. Also, the style of life represented on TV,
especially in music videos, is fast. Young people pick up the idea that speed means
excitement, whereas anything traditional is slow and boring. As a result, they turn
down traditional food and go for junk food instead. Another alarming thing about
people's lifestyle today is that while the amount of junk food we eat has increased,
the amount of exercise we do has actually decreased. Exercise plays an important
part in keeping the body fit and healthy; it helps to control our weight and, if taken
regularly, can also decrease our chances of having a heart attack in later life.

(http://lingualeo.com/ru/jungle/junk-food-14549#/page/1)

While reading stage
I. Find out in the text English equivalents to the following Russian ones.
Стремительный мир, телевизионный фанат, высокое содержание
калорий, содержать много жира, побочные эффекты, потребление фаст фуда,
приобрести лишний вес, жизненно-важные питательные вещества,
ограничить количество фаст фуда, режим питания, недостаток времени,
отказываться от традиционной еды, уменьшаться.

II. While reading the text decide if the given statements are true, false
or not stated.
1. In modern world people don’t eat much.
2. Fast food is available through room service.
3. Fast food is the food which is rich in fat and calories.
4. Fast food has a lot of side effects.
5. The best solution is to cut down the amount of fast food.
6. Our eating habits have changed.
7. People don’t do enough sport today.
8. Exercise is a good tool in fighting with health problems.
7
Post reading stage
I. Look through the text again and finish the sentences.

1. People spend less time on eating because…
a. they live in the world where everything changes very quickly.
b. they want to cook alone.
c. they don’t want to cook at all.

2. Fast food is…
a. bars and hot dog.
b. the food which you can order very quickly.
c. any food which is rich in calories.

3. The bad side of fast food is…
a. that it is risky.
b. that it can lead to some diseases.
c. that it is everywhere.

4. People who can’t live without fast food…
a. should find time for cooking.
b. shouldn’t watch TV.
c. should decrease eating fast food.

5. The big problem today is…
a. people are obsessed with the idea of keeping fit and healthy.
b. people pay less attention to doing sport.
c. people exercise a lot.

6. Regular exercises…
a. can replace a visit to a doctor.
b. can be a balance to fast food.
c. can influence our health

II. Match the words from the text.

fast-moving too busy lifestyle
junk turn down harm
couch potato alarming habits
side keep the amount
gain thing effect
limit weight fit
do food traditional food
eating world to cook

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III. Discuss the questions given below.
1. What fast food restaurants do you know?
2. What do they sell?
3. Why is fast food so popular nowadays?
4. What are advantages and disadvantages of fast food?
5. What advice would you give to a person who eats a lot of fast food?

Reading 2
Pre-reading stage
I. Look through the questions and discuss them in class.
1. Do you know anything about British food?
2. What kind of British food do you know?

Eating habits
Years ago a Frenchman said that the only way to eat well in Britain was
to eat breakfast three times a day. And, let's be honest, most British food was
terrible – ovrcooked vegetables, greasy sausages, boring sandwiches. For a lot of
people, eating was something you had to do to survive; it was certainly not
an enjoyable experience. But things have changed.
Food has become very important in Britain. TV cooks are more famous
writers and their recipe books are bestsellers. More of us eat out regularly and we
can get excellent food in lots of different kinds of restaurants – French, Indian,
Italian, Greek, Thai, Indonesian ... even British! Traditional British pubs serve
surprisingly good meals at good prices. British supermarkets are now full of exotic
cooking ingredients, sauces, pasta, cheese, fruit and vegetables.
The British love all kinds of international food. The most popular is now
pizza and, according to a recent survey, 40% of British families have a curry for
Sunday lunch, instead of traditional dishes like roast beef. We eat less meat and
more fresh fruit and vegetables. A growing number of people are becoming
vegetarians. Even children know about sugar-free sweets.
That is the good news. Unfortunately, there is also some bad news. As we
work harder and have less time, we are eating more and more fast food and doing
less exercise. For lunch, many of us have a hamburger or sandwich and when we
come home in the evening we put our ready-made dinner into the microwave
before sitting down in front of the TV. Meals are no longer family occasions.

While reading stage
I. Decide if the given statements are true or false.
1. Breakfast was the only way to have a good meal in Britain.
2. Eating habits remain the same.
3. People can have nice food in different restaurants.
4. It is very difficult to find exotic food in Britain.
5. British people prefer international cuisine to traditional dishes.
6. Ready-made food is more popular than family dinner.
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II. Match the words with their definitions.

cook a. general word for things you eat
dish b. food you eat at a specific time of the day
food c. ingredients and instructions for making a meal
lunch d. a person who prepares food
meal e. the food you eat between 12.00 and 2.00 p.m.
recipe f. specific type of prepared or cooked food

III. Finish the given sentences.
1. Most British food was…
2. TV cooks are …
3. British supermarkets are…
4. The British people love…
5. A growing number of people are…
6. We work harder…
7. When we come home…

IV. List three good and three bad changes in British eating habits.
Post reading stage
1. List some differences between eating habits in Britain and in Russia.
2. Tell the class about eating habits in Russia.

Reading 3
Chief Pros and Cons of Fast Food
As lifestyles in America become more hectic, the more people consume fast
food on a daily basis. The fast availability of takeout food makes it the perfect
solution to a grumbling stomach in the middle of an insanely busy day. In 2010
alone, the Americans spent around $165 billion on fast food. There are about
50,000 fast food chains across the country, with McDonalds being the largest store
today. Children between 6 and 14 years old consume fast food 157,000,000 times
a month. These include French fries, hamburgers, hotdogs, pizza and soft drinks, all
of which contain lots of calories, saturated fats, sodium and other harmful
substances.
The fact that fried and processed foods served at fast food chains can make
people unhealthy and worse, cause harmful effects to the human body makes the
statistics alarming. Just like all things, there are also two sides of the coin when it
comes to fast food. To be able to make a fair judgment whether you are pro-
or anti-fast food, it is best to know its pros and cons.

List of Pros of Fast Food
1. It Is Fast.
From the name “fast food”, meals you can buy from these chains are served
quickly unlike what restaurants offer. This makes such food convenient for people
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