Table Of ContentPROC. ENTOMOL. SOC. WASH.
108(1), 2006, pp. 101-118
LETHAEINI (HEMIPTERA: LYGAEOIDEA: RHYPAROCHROMIDAE)
ASSOCIATED WITH FIGS IN MEXICO, WITH THE DESCRIPTION OF A
NEW SPECIES OF CISTALIA
Luis CERVANTES PEREDO AND SAGRARIO GAMEZ VIRUES
Instituto de Ecologia, A.C., km 2.5 Antigua Carretera a Coatepec # 351, 91070, Xalapa,
Veracruz, México (e-mail: cervantl @ecologia.edu.mx, sagrari@o yaghoao.mcoem.zmx )
Abstract.4Descriptions and illustrations of some Lethaeini associated with Ficus spp.
in Mexico are presented. Notes on the biology of Cistalia pallidifemur Cervantes and
Gamez, Cryphula apicata (Distant), C. trimaculata (Distant), Neopetissius slaterorum
O'Donnell, Paragonatas costaricensis Distant, P. divergens Distant, and Petissius spinipes
(Stal), and their distribution, mainly within the Mexican Gulf Coast region, are included.
Cistalia pallidifemur, n. sp., is described and illustrated. All species included in this study
are considered facultative seed predators of figs.
Key Words: Cistalia, Ficus, Lethaeini, Mexico
Members of Lethaeini are normally small trial seed predators, mainly of F. sycomorus
in size, with a shining to subshining dorsal L. and F. capensis Thunb. Baranowski and
surface. They are separated from other rhy- Slater (1979) described the biology of Cry-
parochromid tribes by the following syna- Phula affinis (Distant) and C. bennetti Bar-
pomorphies: linear placement of trichoboth- anowski and Slater in Trinidad, where both
ria on abdominal sternum V, loss of y-chro- species were found under Stachytarphaeta
mosome, extreme modification of the sperm Jamaicensis (L.) Vahl. (Verbenaceae). They
reservoir, and development of iridescent mentioned that although both species were
head areas (Slater and O9Donnell 1978, found in the same area, they were usually
O9Donnell 1991). Nymphs lack a Y-suture in different microhabitat conditions, with C.
but have lateral evaporative areas. In most affinis preferring relatively moister situa-
genera, there is a conspicuous trichoboth- tions. Slater and Baranowski (1990) report-
rium present near each anterolateral pro- ed Cistalia signoreti (Guérin), Cryphula tri-
notal angle (Slater and Baranowski 1990, maculata (Distant), Paraganotas costari-
Schuh) and Slater 11995), Very little 1s censis (Distant), and P. divergens (Distant)
known about the biology of Lethaeini. from Florida. They recounted what Sweet
Sweet (1964) reported Cryphula trimacu- mentioned about the biology of C. trima-
lata Distant as a ground-litter inhabitant of culata and pointed out that P. divergens
long-lasting old fields vegetated with peren- was found in temporary early succession
nial bunch grasses. It definitely prefers to stages of old-field habitats and apparently
feed on seeds of Panicum spp. but it also fed on a variety of seeds. Nymphs of 1 <,
feeds on seeds of fescue, millet, and straw- 4, and 5" instars of C. signoreti have been
berry. Slater (1972) found that several spe- described (Slater and Baranowski 1973).
cies of Neolethaeus in South Africa were Baranowski and Slater (1979) described all
obligatory terrestrial and facultative terres- immature instars of Cryphula bennetti Bar-
102 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
anowski and Slater and C. affinis (Distant). RESULTS
O9 Donnell (2001), while describing the ge-
Cistalia pallidifemur Cervantes and
nus Neopetissius, found that most of the
Gamez, new species
material has been collected at light, al-
(Figs. 1A4C, 2A4D)
though she had records of N. slaterorum
O9Donnell found in litter of Ficus sp. Diagnosis.4Dorsal and ventral surfaces
Here we describe the biology of six Le- of head and antennal segments I, II, and IV
thaeini that are associated with several spe- dark brown. Femora with basal two-thirds
cies of figs, and include descriptions of pale yellow and apical third pale brown.
some nymphal stages of Cistalia pallidife- Head covered with small semierect hairs
mur, n. sp., C. trimaculata, N. slaterorum, and dorsal surface covered with small sil-
P. divergens, and Petissius spinipes Stal. very hairs. Parameres with sides of blade
The description of a new species and the smooth.
distribution of all species within Mexico Adult (Fig. 1C).4Body slightly elongat-
also are given. ed with parallel margins. Head, pronotum,
scutellum, clavus, chorion, ventral surface,
MATERIAL AND METHODS
and antennal segments I, IH], and IV dark
Monthly collecting trips between 2001 brown. Dorsal and ventral surfaces of head
and 2003 were made to several localities in covered by small semierect hairs, with dor-
the Mexican states of Campeche, Tamauli- sal hairs slightly longer; eyes reddish brown
pas, and Veracruz. The objective was to and ocelli yellowish brown; antennal seg-
collect lygaeoids associated with wild, ment III with basal third dark brown, re-
fruiting fig trees. mainder pale yellow. Rostrum pale brown,
Around 30 fig species were sampled reaching mesocoxae. Lateral pronotal mar-
from localities from sea level to an altitude gins with sparse long hairs; dorsal surface
of 1,500 m. Several types of vegetation covered by small silvery hairs; anterior pro-
were included: low tropical dry forest, me- notal margin slightly concave and posterior
dium tropical forest, high tropical rain for- pronotal margin straight; lateral pronotal
est, and cloud forest. The methodology fol- margins weakly rounded; anterior lobe im-
lowed is described in detail in Cervantes et punctate, and posterior lobe with small
al. (2004). Measurements are given in mm punctures. Coxae and trochanters pale
= LS): brown, femora with basal two-thirds pale
Additional data of their distribution in yellow and apical third pale brown; tibiae
Mexico is also reported, based on speci- and tarsi yellowish brown; fore femur with
mens deposited in Coleccion Nacional de a series of hairs along inner margins; tibiae
Insectos from Instituto de Biologia, Univ- with long, widely-spaced spines. Evapora-
ersidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico tive area rough, with peritreme orange
(CNIN) and based on Slater and Brailovsky brown. Scutellum, clavus, and chorion cov-
(2000). Voucher specimens and nymphs ered by small decumbent hairs; scutellum
have been deposited at Coleccion Entomo- with small punctures, clavus and chorion
logica del Instituto de Ecologia, A.C. Xal- with larger punctures forming rows. He-
apa, Veracruz, Mexico (IEXA). Other ab- melytral membrane smoky. Ventral abdom-
breviations used are BMNH, The Natural inal surface covered with short hairs, but
History Museum, London, U.K., and with several long setae along middle.
AMNH, American Museum of Natural His- Male genitalia: Parameres sickle shaped
tory, New York, NY, USA. Deposition of with sides of blade smooth (Fig. 2C).
the specimens of the new species described Male measurements (n = 10): Body
here are listed in the description of the spe- length 5.57 + 0.09; head length 0.64 + 0.1;
cies. width through eyes 1.06 + 0.05; interocular
VOLUME 108, NUMBER | 103
Fig. 1. Cistalia pallidifemur. A, Egg. B, First instar. C, Adult. Scale = 1 mm.
104 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
distance 0.56 + 0.04; interocellar distance E. Barrera; Id. 249; Yohualehanr
0.39 + 0.2; postocular distance 0.06 = 0.2; 711.1986, E. Barrera, 1 2; Km 10 Xicote-
antennal segment lengths: I 0.68 + 0.04, II pec-Patla, 2.VII.1994, G. Ortega, E. Bar-
0:99): 0:3, TM.0.89.= 0:03, 1V 0.91 = 0.07; rera, I ¢. OQUERETARO.. Chuvaye
rostral segment lenghts: I 0.72 + 0.03, II 21-VI.1998, TE. Cervantes, GOrtega, Id;
OF73n210:04. «TI O668=5 10.058 0V <0:42 = 5 @; km 8 Neblinas-Agua Zarca,
0.05; pronotum: length 1.11 + 0.07, width 19.VHI.1998, H. Brailovsky, E. Barrera, 2
across humeral angles 1.97 + 0.07, width 2. QUINTANA ROO: Felipe Carrillo
across anterior margin 1.3 + 0.09; scutel- Puerto, Buenavista, 22.V1I.1989, A. Cadena,
lum: length 1.18 + 0.06, width 1.01 + 0.07; L. Cervantes, 1 2 (CNIN). VERACRUZ:
fore leg: femur length 1.45 + 0.07, tibia San Andres Tuxtla, Estacion Biologica Los
length 1.38 + 0.08, tarsomere lengths: I Tuxtlas, 12.X1.2001, light traps, A. San-
0:53) 0M. Th 0.14: = 020.2 Ss 0:02. chez, 1 2? GEXA); 14.V.1985,; L. Cervantes,
Female measurements (n = 10): Body 1@s) 172V.1985.,- Ex Cervantes 12 =
length 5.95 + 0.3; head length 0.65 + 0.09; 18°VA1L 985. (La -Céervantest 1 mashes
width through eyes 1.09 + 0.02; interocular
LO-VAG85, TD. Cervantes H 222 04
distance 0.59 + 0.02; interocellar distance
26.VII.1985, E. Ramirez, 1 2; 28.VII.1985,
0.41 + 0.02; postocular distance 0.07 + Cx Mayorga, Id 19-9 S30 Mines me-
0.04; antennal segment lengths: I 0.69 + Mayorga, 1 6, 1 2; 24.VIII.1985, C. May-
6:03, 11 1:01). .0.074m1 (0:88. = O04, TV
orga, 19; V. Melendez, IG 329: VIILI9Sa-
0.96 + 0.5; rostral segment lengths: I 0.74
C. Mayorga, 1 @; 30.VIII.1985, C. May-
470,04: 10:76: 0:06; TH.O:65 =-0.06;1V
orga, 1 63 \1410.1X.1985, Ae Ihara, Feo;
0.44 + 0.04; pronotum: length 1.17 + 0.08,
METX. 1985, E. Ramirez, 1°25 6X 19850:
width across humeral angles 2.06 + 0.14,
Mayorga, V. Melendez, 1 6, 2 2 (CNIN);
width across anterior margin 1.3 + 0.08;
[6.1X.1987; FE Arias, 3°" 2 =(BIMINED):
scutellum: length 1.21 + 0.1, width 1.16 =
17.1X.1987, E Arias, 4 6, 3 2 (AMNH);
0:13; fore leg: femur length, 1:46°+,0:08;
if SS8. 1G Mayorga9 iia
tibia length 1.45 + 0.08, tarsomere lengths:
20.XI.1988, E. Mejorada, 1 ¢; 6.1X.1989,
Ib O52 2210.03; O07, = 0025 O27 Ie
RL Colin, Wee; 12 1989) Ire Colne
0.01.
Rojas, 1 o and 1 9; 18.1X.1989, J-L. Colin,
Types.4Holotype: male, MEXICO, VE-
H. Rojas; 1 6220 1X 1989! Colm
RACRUZ, San Andres Tuxtla, Estacion
Rojas, 1 2; 6.201989" J-L, Colm, Ho Rojas
Biologica Los Tuxtlas, 12.X1I.2001, light
ff 9 3exX.1989. AL. Colin. HH. Rojasaiige.
traps, A. Sanchez (IEXA). Paratypes:
l 2 (CNIN); 11.X2-1989,3-E--Colin, H. Ro-
MEXICO: (8CAMPECHE> =» Escatceaa,
jas, 2 2 (NMNH); 1-3.IV.1993, H. Brai-
4.V1I.1982, O. Canul, 2 56 (CNIN); km 78
lovsky; 1 -¢,-4--2:;, Sam-Andres, Duxtia:
Escarcega-Xpuhil, 31.V.2001, light traps, L.
8.X1.1977, H. Brailovsky, 1 2; San Andres
Cervantes; C. Mayorga, 1 ¢@ (IEXA)
CHIAPAS: Agua Azul, 22.V.1979, L. Ri- Tuxtla, Km 3 Estacion los Tuxtlas-Cate-
vera, 1 2; Km 9 Palenque-Ocozingo, maco, 2.XII.2001, under Ficus insipida
5.V.1982, V. Melendez, 2 ¢, 2 @, A. Ibarra, Willd., A. Sanchez, L. Cervantes, 3 2; San
1d, 1 2; km 7 Tapachula-Talisman, Finca Andres Tuxtla, Ejido Lazaro Cardenas,
Chinita, 20.IV.1983, H. Brailovsky, 1 6; 12. VIL-1989, IL. Colin, He Rojas, 4ngen3
Tapachula-Huixtla, 26.XII.1985, H. Velas- 2; Nanchital, 5.X.1976, light traps, H.
co, | d. OAXACA: San Pedro Juchatengo, Brailowsky, 1 36; Rio Maquinas,
12. VilL04.L:- Cervantes, Ay Delgado, iC: 17.VI1I.1991, E. Mejorada, B. Arellano, 1 9
Mayorga, | 6, 1 2 (CNIN). PUEBLA: San (CNIN); Jalcomulco, 3.XII.1999, L. Cer-
Diego, )\13.V1L.1953.3.H.. Brailovsky, 1.d: vantes, | ¢, 1 2; Misantla, km 18 Misan-
Tenango de Doria, 5.11.1986, H. Brailovsky, tla-Juchique, 26.1.2002; under Ficus pertu-
VOLUME 108, NUMBER 1 105
5
C D
Fig. 2.
A, Pygophore of Cistalia pallidifemur. B, Pygophore of C. explanata. C, Paramere of C. pallidifemur.
D, Paramere of C. explanata. Scale = 1 mm.
S@tr ley: Ui: Pacheco, L. Cervantes, 1 @ ment pale, although it is never more than
(IEXA). three-quarters pale.
Discussion.4This species differs from Etymology.4Named for the pale basal
C. explanata in the form of the parameres. two-thirds of the femora.
In C. explanata the blade has a small spine Distribution.4MEXICO: Campeche,
on the inner side (Fig. 2D), whereas the py- Chiapas, Puebla, Queretaro, Quintana Roo,
gophores of both are very similar (Figs. and Veracruz.
2A-B). Cistalia pallidifemur differs from Egg (Fig. 1A) (n = 7).4Oval, pale yel-
C. explanata by the general coloration of low, chorium surface smooth, with irregular
the femora; C. explatanata has all femora distributed small punctures. 1.22 + 0.03
from pale brown to brown, while C. palli- mm long by 0.57 + 0.04 mm wide.
difemur has the basal two-thirds pale yel- First instar (Fig. 1B).4Head, pro-, and
low and the apical third brown. mesonota pale brown, pro- and mesonota
In Slater and Baranowsk19s key (1973), with small pale yellow punctures irregularly
C. pallidifemur will run to C. alboannulata distributed; eyes red; antennal segments
and C. neotropicalis, because it has slightly brownish gray, with intersegmental unions
more than half of the third antennal seg- pale yellow with reddish areas; margins of
106 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
segments II and I dark brown. Rostrum Distribution.4MEXICO: Guerrero,
pale brown. Metanotum pinkish, with lat- Puebla, Tamaulipas.
eral margin pale brown; thoracic pleurae
Cryphula trimaculata (Distant)
brown; legs pale yellow; abdominal seg-
(Figs. 4A4D)
ments I to III redish, rest of abdomen pink-
ish. Rostrum extending beyond metacoxae. Adult (Fig. 4D).4Small, 3.044.0 mm
Scent glands present as brown bands on ab- long. Body shiny, dark castaneous brown.
dominal segments IIJ-IV, ['V4V, and V4VI. First and second antennal segments ochra-
Dorsal and ventral surface of abdomen cov- ceous, third and fourth brown. Anterior por-
ered by small decumbent hairs. Three small tion of pronotum impunctate and_ black,
brownish gray plates present on ventral posterior part closely punctate and ochra-
middle line of segments VII-L[X. Measure- ceous. Pronotal humeral angles with three
ments (n = 4). Body length 1.75 + 0.21; spots, on scutellum and some veins of hem-
head length 0.39 + 0.08; width through elytra pale yellow. Corium ochraceous,
eyes 0.49 + 0.02; interocular distance 0.34 coarsely punctate; membrane dark brown,
+ 0.02; postocular distance 0.07 + 0.06; with apex hyaline. Legs ochraceous.
antennal segment lenghts: I 0.23 + 0.02, I Second instar (Fig. 4A).4Body pyriform
O25 = O) TH O22 = "0:03, IV 0.44 = 0:02; with maximum width through abdominal
rostral segment lengths: I 0.34 + 0.02, I segment V. Head brown, with darker areas
Ot 2210.02, ThE-O!22= O03. IV 0:25) = around each eye. Pro- and mesonota dark
0.04; pronotum: length 0.25 + O, width brown, two pale yellow maculae on meson-
across humeral angles 0.52 + 0.03, width otum, one on each side of middle line; me-
across anterior margin 0.423 + 0.03; fore tanotum pale brown. Eyes red. Antennal
leg: femur length 0.46 + 0.06, tibia length segments I and II pale yellow, segment III
0.46 + 0.05, tarsomere lengths: I 0.14 + brown, and segment IV brown and darkest.
OL027 110. 2720.01: Labium and legs pale yellow; femora and
Biology.4Cistalia pallidifemur was col- apex of labium brownish. Thoracic pleurae
lected in leaf litter of Ficus insipida Willd. brown. Abdomen yellowish with red trans-
and F. pertusa L. (Moraceae), throughout verse lines. Scent gland plates between seg-
the year. Individuals usually run under the ments III-IV, IV4V, and V4VI, but only
dead leaves, feeding on seeds of fallen first and second scent gland openings visi-
fruits. This species also was collected at ble. Tylus half as long as antennal segment
light traps. I. Rostrum reaching middle of metacoxae.
Apex of tylus with a few short hairs. Pron-
Cryphula apicata (Distant)
otum with one tricobothrium at each an-
(Fig. 3) terolateral margin. Trichobrothria present
Adult (Fig. 3).43.5 mm long. Pronotum on abdominal segments IT to VIII. Ventral
and scutellum shiny black; pronotum with plates present on midline of segments VI4
lateral margins emarginated; posterior mar- IX. Abdominal venter covered by small
gin of pronotum with pale areas. Scutellum brown setae. Hind tibia with spinelike setae
with only apex ochraceous; antennal seg- only at apex, and middle tibia with more
ments brown, with segments I and II slight- evenly distributed spinelike setae. Measure-
ly paler; antennal segment II longest; third ments (n = 1). Body length 2.15; head
and fourth subequal, segment III with apex length 0.375; width across eyes 0.475; in-
grayish. terocular distance 0.35; postocular distance
Biology.4This species was collected 0.125; antennal segment lengths: I 0.2, I
only under Ficus calyculata Mill. Individ- 02, HI 0.275, IV 0.425; rostral segment
uals were found running on the ground un- lengths: 10:25; d4.0:23, 00h 0275 aLVs O72;
der the leaf litter. pronotum length 0.3; width across humeral
b 2. Boe s
as 5 e
e bg ci
p
a
t;) ie rMBoe eer se w_s¢ dna
a as 22 s
e
s
Par a
me < b
h
t
tREdS pteaie cagioae setaene oopa 8rS iw
mes w
coe ol
rel
&a " oso ey
=< & e
oL3rc H jfes?) =A lap
Fa i w =| ae III
o -I
apo =a
Soe s
EE BgeS
i Bo Sar
2 fe ae
eee 5 est
: ; repre ee 5 Sp of
seth, eee 2 Loe Be 3 n 5 5
= Tg hie gecSeio eew P Rss IS ehE RE s<s) D< eray v
S 3 = v
lad
a <0 E
ea
8 A)
2) aS) bn
3 3 0
Zz = soem exes
8S a a5 eeevna) onv a)
: S
foe) Nn os}
=) 4o b eOp (wn2 iol}5:
©4= om 4a@o'2 & O7
108 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
Fig. 4. Cryphula trimaculata. A, Second instar. B, Fourth instar. C, Fifth instar. D, Adult. Scale = 1 mm.
VOLUME 108, NUMBER 1 109
white; segment IV brown with white base. angles 1.11 + 0.07; width across anterior
Labial segments I-III, tibiae, and tarsi pale margin 0.8 + 0.02; scutellum length 0.56
yellow; labial segment IV and femora pale + 0.05; scutellum width 0.64 + 0.06; fore
brown. Pronotum and thoracic pleurae leg: femur length 0.73 + 0.06; tibia length
brown; meso- and metanota mixed with ir- 0.74 = 0.05; tarsomere lengths: I 0.22 +
regular brown and pale yellow areas: scu- O02. Wee! 25 ==70:027
tellar area with dark brown punctures. Ab- Biology.4In this species, macropterous
domen reddish with pale yellow bands forms are present; however, brachypterous
along segment unions. Plates of scent gland forms are more abundant. Cryphula trima-
openings very similar to second instar. Lat- culata was collected in leaf litter of Ficus
eral margins of abdomen slightly darker. cotinifolia Kunth., F. perforata L., F. per-
Two pairs of tricobothria situated in front tusa, F. tecolutensis (Liebm.) Miq., and F.
of eyes. Labium reaching base of mesocox- trigonata L., during February, March,
ae. Fore tibia with numerous spinelike se- April, and August. Nymphs were collected
tae. Fore femur sulcate, and with four or only on F. pertusa and F. tecolutensis. Both
five small spines on internal margin. Me- adults and nymphs live under the first layers
sothoracic wing pads covering 4/5 of me- of litter, very close to the ground, hiding in
tanotum. Measurements (n = 3). Body crevices. They seem to prefer dry ground
lensth= 2-37" -s4045:) head: length 0:53. conditions with little leaf litter. This species
0.04; width across eyes 0.58 + 0.02; inter- also was found close to perennial grasses
ocular distance 0.37 + 0.01; postocular dis- that grow in clumps.
tance 0.21 + .0.04; antennal segment Distrib4u MtEiXIoCnO: Baja Califor-
leneths2O25) =. 005,500.35 90:05. Il nia, Jalisco, Morelos, Tamaulipas, and Ve-
033922 0103 -1V 0.46 "0.01; rostral seg- racruz.
menvucneths: 110134 = OOS. 1l 0.35 = 0;
Neopetissius slaterorum O° Donnell
Il 0.28 + 0.02, IV 0.28 + 0.03; pronotum
length 0.43 + 0.04; width across humeral (Figs. 5A4B)
angles 0.75 + 0.09; width across anterior Adult.4Head dark brown; anterior pro-
margin 0.6 + 0.05; fore leg: femur length notal lobe, almost all scutellum, and macula
O'S 75= 90:03; stibianliensth 0.55) 0.5; tar on corium dark brown; irregular macula on
somecc: lengths 109" - 0:01, M019 posterior pronotal lobe and apex of scutel-
0.01. lum reddish brown; two elevated areas of
Fifth instar (Fig. 4C).4Very similar to scutellum, and some areas of posterior pro-
fourth instar, except pronotum and thoracic notal lobe pale yellow. One macula on each
pleurae slightly paler. Mesotharacic wing side of middle line just above pronotal col-
pads almost all pale yellow with margins lar, lateral pronotal margins, humeral an-
pale brown. Punctures of meso- and metan- gles, and claval suture cream. Distal third
ota more numerous. Coxae with two or of antennal segment II white, remainder
three spinelike setae. Spines of fore femur pale brown. Femora amber, with distal end
thicker. Measurements (n = 10). Body paler; tibiae and tarsi pale yellow. Adult il-
lenethy 32570-4031; headnength 0:55 lustrated by O9 Donnell (2001).
0.04; width across eyes 0.742 + 0.03; in- Fourth instar (Fig. 5A).4Pyriform. Head
terocular distance 0.45 + 0.01; postocular brownish orange; eyes red; antennal seg-
distance 0.14 + 0.07; antennal segment ment I brownish yellow; base of segment II
leneths 0:29) 220:032all (0:50 20:08 brownish yellow, rest dark brown; segment
0.45 + 0.04, IV 0.56 + 0.04; rostral seg- III dark brown; base of segment IV dark
ment lengths: 10.45 + 0.04, Il 0.47 + 0.03. brown, rest brownish yellow. Rostrum
Ill 0.42 + 0.04, IV 0.3 + 0.04; pronotum brownish yellow, apex of segment IV dark
length 0.61 + 0.0.5; width across humeral brown. Pro-, meso-, and metanota mixed
110 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
Fig. 5. Neopetissius slaterorum. A, Fourth instar. B, Fifth instar. Scale 1 mm.
with dark brown and brownish orange are- terocular distance 0.5; postocular distance
as, with irregularly distributed dark brown 0; antennal segment lengths: I 0.45, II 0.6,
punctures. Thoracic pleurae brownish or- III 0.5, IV 75; rostral segment lengths: I
ange; femora brownish yellow; tibiae and 0.6, I1 0.7, III 0.6, IV 0.4; pronotum: length
tarsi pale yellow. Abdomen grayish, with 0.5, width across humeral angles 1.1, width
red bands near lateral margins; interseg- across anterior margin 0.9; fore leg: femur
mental unions pale yellow. Abdominal length 0.9, tibia length 0.9, tarsomere
scent glands dark brown, situated between leneths: Os), no
segments HI-IV, IV4V, and V4VI. Four Fifth instar (Fig. 5B).4Pyriform. Very
small, dark brown plates ventrally on mid- similar to fourth instar. Head brownish or-
dle line of segments VI-IX. Antennal seg- ange, although a few individuals with dark-
ments covered by small hairs, been more er areas. Antennal segments I and IT brown,
abundant on segment III. Rostrum reaching segment II with a small basal yellow area;
base of abdominal segment III. Mesotho- segments III and IV dark brown. Dark
racic wing pads covering almost all metan- brown and brownish-orange areas of pro-,
otum. Fore femur with a row of five or six meso-, and metanotum defined as longitu-
small spines on internal margin. Middle and dinal bands; almost all dark brown punc-
hind tibiae with long spines irregularly dis- tures situated over dark brown bands. Me-
tributed. Abdominal scent glands only func- sothoracic wing pads reaching base of ab-
tional on segments III-IV and IV4V; gland dominal segment III. Measurements (n
one on segments V4VI without openings. 4). Body length 6.48 + 0.43; head length
Measurements (n 1). Body length 3.5; 0.72 + 0.03; width through eyes 1.15 +
head length 0.3; width through eyes 0.8; in- 0.1; interocular distance 0.74 + 0.05; inter-
