L'errore di Cartesio

400 Pages·1995·5.059 MB·Italian

by  Antonio R. Damasio

AntoniRo.D amasio
L'ERRORED I CARTESIO
Emoziroangieoe,nc ee rveulmlaoon
ADELPHIE DIZIONI
TITOLO ORIGINALE:
DescaErrrtoers '
EmotiRoena,s oann,dt hHeu maBnra in
TraduzidoiFn liei pMpaocl auso
© 1994AN TONIO R. DAMASIO, M.D.
© 1995 ADELPHI EDIZSI.OPN.IA .M ILANO
ISBN 88-459-1181-0
INDICE
Ringraziamenti 13
Introduzione 17
PARTPER IMA
1. SCIAGURA NEL VERMONT 31
PhinePa.Gs a ge3,1 Gagneo ne rap ilùu 3i6, Per­
chéP hineGaasg e4?0, Digressiofrnee nosluol­la
gia4,5 Unap ietmrial i-acroesl e nndoip oi4,9
2.I L CERVELLO DI GAGE DISVELATO 53
Ilp roble5m3a D,i gresssiuolnle' andaetlso im­ia
stemnae rvo5s8o L,a s oluzi6o7n e,
3.U N MODER NO PHINEAS GAGE 71
Unan uova me7n8t Rei,s poasltlsaafi d8a3, Ra­
gionaerd eei cdee,r8 6
4.A SANGUE PIFÙRE DDO 95
Porved aa ltcraids iil einosip reofrntla,i9 7P orve
dal eosnioi tlrleec o rtceecp refron1t70a Ulina,r i­
flesosneis ua noamtiaefu nzoine,1 71 Unas orgne­
te1,91 Porved agli satnuidimi1,a l2 s2Du i gsr­e
soine usllsepe igazoinin eourchimiec,12h 6 Con­
clounsei1,2 8
PARTSEE CNODA
5. ELEMENTI DI UNA SPIEGAZIONE 133
Unam isotaesa rlilea1n33z Sauo, rganicsomiri p,e
cerv,1e 3l6lS itadteilgo irg anism1i3,7C orop e
cerovi enltleraog:loi 'srgcaonniod samll'oi,1n 3t8er n
Sum enet ceom portamoen,1t4 0 Organoi sem
ambieinntrtaeeg ionso:cc onfnroot con mioln do di
fuori1,4 2D igroeness sui'lalrchidteesitsi ettmuir a
neur1a44l iD,al 'lattriiavprittaiàu t naa emneti ­n
tegr1a4t7 a I,mm agindii aod,ie msmasgidneil
pasos aietm magdienfulit uor,1 49La formaozine
delilmem agpienritc te,i1 v25e Immazgizananm­e
tod ii mmagien foir maoznei di miamgipneirr ­i
chia,m1 o54L ac onocseznaè inocproratnae lle
rappnrteoaszneidi iosispoznial1i6,0 I lp ensoi eèr
fatot ilna rmgias udriia m mag1i6n2iA ,l cnuia c­
cenanoli sl vliuop npeur1a6le5,
6.R EGOLAZIONE BIOLOGICA E SOPRAVVIVENZA 117
Dsiopiszipoenlrias poravnvzi1av1,7e Ancorsau lla
reogalziodnibe a s1e7,6 T risot,Iao stnteai fill ot r
da'more,1 97 Oltrleep uiloseng ili tisi nit1,28
7. EMOZIONI E SENTIMENTI 187
Emzooini1,8 9S piecficidtà ella'roaa pntpeurdailee­
trloe e mozinoi2,0 2S entiim,e6 n 2tI0nagnnare
icle rov,e2 l1l3V aràid eist einmetnit2,1 5I lr -co
poc omet eoa tdrelelmoezi oni2, 22P orm eneta l
corop,2 27I lp orcesos desle inmteon,2t 28
8.L 'IPOTESID EL MARCATORE SOMATICO 253
Raoginameon tdee coines,2i 35R aoginameon te
decoinesn ieol slapzoi perosnalese oc ila,e2 39R a­
zoinailtaàllo 'pera24,1 L 'oietpsdile m arocaerst o­
matoic,2 44U nad igsrosenie su'llarltuios,2m 48
Dad ovep orvenogno mia rocairst omact?ii,2 50
Unar etnee uarlpee irm arocarist omati25c4i ,Il
teoa terdim arocairst omatièn ceicl or op nole c er­
veol?,l2 58M arocarist omatimcanii feos cteil ati,
259I nutioznei,2 63I lr aognaimeon futorid el
domion pieornsael deiq ulelsooc alie,2 65L 'aoi ut
delel'mozione,p eri lm elgioe perp egiolg, i
267A cacnot oetl riem arocarist omatcii2,7 3I n­
claizonini cer eoanezd iio rdin2e7,7
PARTTEE RZA
'
9.L IPOTESI DEL MARCATORE SOMATICO
ALLA PROVA 283
Sapemraen on esnti,r2 e83R isch:gi laeirs eepri­
menito cng oichid 'aazrozd,2 91M iopiar istopt ael
futuor,29 8P reveidlfue rtuer: oc orreilfi asolti­o
gcii3,0 1
10.I L CERVELLO PENSOSO DEL CORPO 305
Nieenc torop,m amie n,t3 e05I clor op comer ife­
rimnoet dib as3e1,9 I ls én erulae3,20
11.L A PASSIONE DEL RAGIONARE 333
L'rerodriCe a rtoe,s3 i36
POST SCRIPTUM 343
Ilc uroeu maon iconn fliot,t3 43 Lan eourbioloiag
modenrae l 'iddiem aei dicna34,5 U nan otas ui
peresntlii mdietlinl earu oboilgoi,a3 49 Levpee r
laso pravvevniz3a52,
Noteef onbtiib liografiche 361
Altlreet ture 387
Indiacnea litico 393
L'ERRORED I CARTESIO
PerH anna

RIGNRAZIAMENTI
Duralnapt erepa razidoemnlae n oistc,thr ooa vu­
tol afo rtudniac erviecronesg ildiad ivecrolsleig hi
chleoh annloe ot mtei h annooff eors tgugemrein:t i
RaplhA doplhsU,r suBlelalg iu,P atrCihcuirac­ h
lan,P dauClhu rchlFarnadn,Hc .iC src ikV,i ocirta
Formkin,E dwardK limFar,e diecNkrah m,C harles
Rockla,K nadthlReoceknnl daD,a neilT raenlG,ay r
vanH oeseJnon,a thWainno sn, tSevAennd eorn,s
RihcarCda pleaA nr thBueron tn.D allaem icohile v
discounis scihleo rcioom menthia non ssuciot at
hoa pporm eosltiims,oss pceiqeu aon( docme vaol te
èa ccadou)nt on sèt oa ptosisbitlreo vaalrceau ­cn
cord.oL ir ingor tauztpiteiar v erfamtoit d onod el
lroot mepo,d elllroeoc onocsenezd ee lllroaos a­g
geaz;zm an onv iso nop aroaldgeeu atpee dra riel
guisot creod ailtla npzaa czoni leaq uea lRalp,h
Dan,M r.sL undeyC harlheasno n leot stuccvees si
stesduisr veia arctaiop iil tmeih anon aiuot amati­
gloira.r li
Quel scchore i frvèu ot dtiu n'peesriaed nicz irca
venticainnndqiiu,ce i taeds esqieu tatlrioa srscpir es­
sol aUn irvseyio tfI owaS.on og roaa tim ieciol leghi
14 Le'rrodrieC artesio
deDlip artimdeiNn etuor olao,ig npi airctolaair e
membrdie ldliaivi sondeiN eurcoisenczoegi ntive
(HnanDaa maisoD,an iTerla lnG,ea yrv aHno eesn,
Artuhr Bteo,nnK athlReoecnkn ldMa,a tthReiwz ­
zo, ThGormaabsko iw,Ss tevAennd eornsR,a plh
Adol,pA hnstoiBneceh arRao,b eJrotn ,eJ soseph
Barrha,Jsu liFeeiz E,k ateSreimne nedreCifh,i ng­
ChiaCnhgu J,oa nB randet M arkN awro,tp )er
quanmtioh annione sgnanteocl o ord segalnine i
pelr' eerngeil aap ericzoina cauninc ooh nitbruito
ac reaurnae m bieunntiepc eolr os tuddeiclore vel­
loe d elmleane t.S onaol trteotg traaantipo a zienti
neuroiclcioh gseno os atteias miantnie lmliaua n ità
(ec hoeg iga ssommnaoa p idùi 1 80,p0 e)lrap ossi­
biloifftreàt admiic omprenidl eorrpeoor belmi.
Spercoh lee c ondseirazeipsootnseii nq ueosl tibro
aieurtanlnooerl ole o farmoi lgiace h riialrdeei fifcol­
tàc hdee vofrnoon tegg.Si aperore,i np arctoilare,
chiell i blraioi utaes ripàe gaargel i paelhrtécar i
volstcieo mptoarnionc ermtoid i.
Vorrpeoitr eirgn razJioahrHnear lopwe lrad o­
cumeanztnieos uP hineaesc hGeeagl cgiih al acsia­
t,o selu la qsuia lfoen idc aanpoi toldie mlii noi ziali
lib.Ar lollau cdee lnlotesr ceo noscaetntz,uee ass lai
conseen nutmeeri onesterssandteid uzeic oonneigt ­
tur-mea n olnam idae csrizdiJioo nsee Apdha mos
detlme poc hfaec evigali ordneol l'nitn:qe cuietdese
sono purel etltiec.re nazrei e
BetytR edekheapr r epataiorml a ncorsictotlnoa
dedoinzeli,' imppergeonsfioso neai lslene osd ell'u­
moriscmhoes epmrcea rartitzezialsn ouo l aovr;o
J oSnpa rdlieD negn eiK sruetlzmdfit haanitnuaot o
nelrliecc ehbrei bliogcroalnfiac c ohunees taab ti;àl i
Timoyt Mheyehra r ilectoctnu oar i tle ts.o
Quseot libnroons raebbsaett sor cittsnoez ala
guiedsaep rtela ap rofonidnafl uedniz ada umei ci,
MichCaaerlll eeiJ saneI asyi,cl u ein utisamsoe l a
cudie vozsinooon eit niemlsaib.i