Table Of ContentLeafvreoasDm i a
ry
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DrS yaPmraa Msoaodk crjcc
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o;,,b,y, ,ed UNIVEROSFIM TYI CHIGAN
LeafvreoasDm i ary
Syama Prasad Mookerjee
.
C ..\ LCliTT . .\
OXFORUDN IVERSPIRTYE SS
DELHBIO �.I.Y B\ 1\ .. 1 \ DR..\S
1993
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O:..fUonridv f!errtsWsiastyl, St tornOe xeftOo,Xr 62dD P
NEWY OltK TOltONTO
DELHI BOMBAY CALCUTT A MADRAS KARACHI
KUALLAU MPURS INGAPOREH ONGK ONG TOKYO
' NAlltOBDIA RE SS ALAAM
�tEJ,IOURNAEU CKLAND
anda ssociiant es
BEltLINI BADAN
© OxfoUrn di vcPrrsei1st9sy9 3
PrinitnIe ndd ia
aGtr aphiItnedLciiham iBtieddh,a nCnaalgca7ur00t,09 t 1a
anpdu blibsyNh eeiOd'l B rOixefno,Ur ndi vePrrseistsy,
5L alLaa jpRaaStia raCnail,c 7u00t0 t2a0
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Contents
••
Introduction
Vll
TheE liDsiha ry l
ng
TheB engDailair y 105
AppenId ix 169
letto/e HrE S iJro hHne rbGeorvte,orno fBr e ngal
175
AppenIdIi x
Let/teoHr E S iJro ltHne rbGeorvte,orno frB engal
AppendIilxl 191
let/etroH El orldi nJiGtokvgeornwo,r -oGfIe nndeiraa l
AppendIiVx 198
letletrosH ES iJro ltHne rbGoevretrn,oo frB engal
AppendVi x 213
Wig IR esigned
Bi aphiacnaDdle scriNpottievse • 226
ogr
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Introduction
SyaPmra asMaoodk erjweaebos r nt oo noeft hmeo sitl lustrious
famiolfBi eensgH ailfas.t hwearSs i Ars utwohsohns,ae m ieas
housewhoordal mdo nBge ngSaylaimsPa.r asnaoodtn layd ded
tot hper esatnirdge en oowftn h fea mtiowl hyi hcehw abosrn ,
buatl smoa dsei gnicfiocnatnrti tbout thipeoo nlsia tnidc al
cultluirofaftel h ceo untry.
Hew abso rno n6J ul1y90I H. eb laazb erdi lclairaaensaet r
studienCn atl cUuntitvae Irns1 i9t2hy3eb. e caamF ee lloofw
thSee naotfteh U en iveorfCs ailtcyuA t yteaal.ra twehreh,ni s
fathSeiArrs, u tdoisehSd,y, a mPar aswaades l ecttofie lhdli s
vacainnt hSey ndiHceae tner.o alsal neA dd vociantt hee
cy
CalcHuitgCthoa u irn1t 9 2I4n1. 9 h2e6l effoEtrn gltaosn tdu dy
fotrhB ea arn jdo iLniendc oIln;nn_h ' ews a csa ltlote hdBe a irn
192I7n1. 9 3a4tt, hy eo uanggoe ft hirtyh-ewt ahasrp epeo,i nted
Vice-ChoafnCc aellcUlunotirtv ae arnshdie tltydh oaffitc tei ll
193;h8 e i st od attehy eo unpgeersstto obn ea ppoiVnitceed
Chancellor.
AsV ice-Chhaent cooemkl alnioynr n ovsatteHipevsi e.n vited
eminmeennft r oamlw la lokfls i tfog� i vlee ctounrc easr eer
guidaHnelc iekt.eio � n vosltvuedi enan dtusll itt eprraogram
cy
mesE.v eanf t1e9r3h 8er, e maitnhmeeod si tm portmaenmtb er
int hSey ndiacnadct oen titnogu ueidtd heae ff.a iorfts h e
UniveHrisisin tvyo.l vienem deunctaw tainsoo rnte strtioc ted
CalcUuntitvae arlsoiHnteeay .c tipvaerltyi ciintp haaeft feadi rs
ofth Aes iaStoiccio efCt ayl c;uh tewt aaasm emboetfrh Ceo urt
anCdo unocfti hlIe n diIanns toifSt cuiteeBn acneg,a alnodr e,
Chairomfta hnIe n ter-UnBiovaerrds.i ty
Frotmh sep heorfee d ucaStyiaomPnar asmaodv etdot he
reaolfpom l itIin1c 9s3h.e9w aesl ecttoteh Bede nLgeagli slative
Councaisal Congrceasnsd irdeaptree sCeanltciuntgt a
Univebrusttih fteoy l,l yoewhaiernr ge siwghnetenhdC e o ngress
decitdobe ody ctohLteet g islSaytaumPrare a.sd ainddo atg ree
witthhp eo loift hCeo ngraenhsdes s toodf oerl ecatsai no n
cy
indepecnadnedniatdn awdta ers e -elFercottmeh deo.nn wards
hew asa ctiivnevloyil nvp eodl ittihilicldss e aitnh1 953.
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•••
fn lroduclion
VIII
In1 93t7h,fie rs tP rovincialE lAescstweiemorbhneles yl d
undtehrde i spenosfit ohGneo vernmoefnI tn dAicaot f 1 935.
SyamPar aswaades l ecatsae nd indecpeannddeinfdtra ottmhe e
CalcuUtntiav ersity Tcohnees lteictdtuiiendono ncptsyr .od uce
as inpgalremt ayj oriint thAyes semFbalzylH.ua lqK 'rsi shak
PraPjaar etmye ragset dhs ei nlgalregp easrtFt ayz.Hl auqlw as
keenf otraomc oaliwtiittohhn Ce o ngrbeusttsa lwkistt hh e
Congrfesestl hlr ouFgahz.lH ualqt hefno rmae coda lition
governmweinttth h Meu slLiema gauneds omien dependent
memberTsh.e diaSryiaemPsar aosfta hdaa trp er inhteerde
chrontihcselu ebs uenhti stoofBr eyn guapl to 1e9a46r.l y
eq
They eabertsw e1e9n 3a7n1d 94t6hp,ee ricodo vebryet dhe
diarwieesra,ec rucpihaalos fSe y amPar aspoaldi'tsci acraele r.
Whent heK rishParka jPaa rty-MuLselaigmcu oea lition
miniwsatsr y in (po1w9e3r7S -y4a1mPa)r ,a swaadsa l eading
membeorf otphpoes itOin1o 2nD .e cem1b9e4rh 1ej, o itnheed
P ssiCvoea liMtiinoinsh teraydb eyFd a zHlauqla sF inance
rogre
Minisatnerdre ,s ifgrnoetmdhm ei niosnt2 r0Ny o vem1b9e4r 2.
Itw adsu ritnhgey seea rsS ytahmPaart a seamde ragsea nd e w
spokesmoaftn h Hei ndus.
Thicosl lecotfid oina rcioenst aailonlfs S yamPar asad's
autobiogwrraipthiiinEnc ngagsll ainstdhh ,Ee n gltirsahn slation
ofs omoefh iBse ngwarliit iIntmg isg.bh eti nterteosk tnoiwn g
thaitna l etttoeh rif sa miwlryi,td tuernih nidgse tenitni on
Kashmhiemr e,n titohnaehtdew ask eepaid niga arnydh ad
starwtreidt aib nigo groafph hifysa thHeorw.e vaefrt,he irs
deaotnh2 3Ju n1e9 5n3os, u cdhi aorrmy a nuscwraifspo tu nd
amontgh pea pesresnb ta cbkyt hKea shmgiorv ernm-Heinst .
famwialusyn abtlopee r suatdhKeea shmgiorv erntmole ocnatt e
theswer itings.
SyamPar asbaedg tanhE en gldiisahor ny NYeewa rD'asy
193wi9t thhp eu rpoosfme a kiinatgd airleyc oofrh dio sw nl ife.
We fitnhdfa rto IJm a nu1ary9 3to19 2 F ebru1a9r3tyh9e e n tries
ardea ily. Butf oiarmt a nii,sn vdoiilffinsvc oeu dlm ta ny things,
tofi ntd imaen lde iseuvreer ytdoka eyea pd iaTrhyu.ws e fi nd,
thaatf taeg ra pof a botuwtom ontthhse irsae n e ntdrayt ed
11Ap r1i9l3 T9h.efn o llaob wrseo affik v yee aSrysa.m Par asad
r
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Introduction
IX
resutmhedesi aorny2 J anua1r9y4T 4h.ee ntrtiheesr eaarfet.e r
on2 1O ctob1e9r4 64 D,e cembe1r9 4a5n,d5 J anuary 1946.
Itt huasp petahrasft r otmi mteot iiSnyea mPar aswaodu ld
decitdoek eeap d airleyc ord. 1J Farnouma 1r9y3 9f,or
forty-dtahyrhsee,s e u cceeindd eodi nsgob ,u atf ttehrat th e
entrairneeos loand gaeiarlc yc ooufen vte nbtuastn o vervioefw
whahta dh appenientd h ien tervmeonnitnHhgse t. r iteotd a ke
advanotfta gherr eeec etsots aekshe is st ofroyr wfarrodwm h ere
heh adl eofftof n1 2F ebru1a9r3yO9 n.ew asd uritnhgEe a ster
holidianPy usri inA pr1i9l3 ;9t hsee cownadsa tM adhupur
duritnhgPe u jhao lidianOy cst ob1e9r4; a4 n tdh teh irdi nw as
Calc.ui tnDt eacemb1e9r4s 5oo,n a fterp hyhsiicsc oalllo anp se
24N ovembSeyra.m Par ashaadda lstoa keunph ipse no n
2J anua1r9y4w 4h,i cmhu shta vbee etnh ree soufly tea tn other
NewY earD'asyr esoltuotk ieoeanp d ia!r y
SyamPar asfaedls le rioiulsilln Ny o vembe1r9 4O5n.
25D ecemhbeerw enttoh ifsa thheoru'asste M adhupaunrd,
whicloen valtehsechrieren e gs umheiddsi aHreyh .a tda kheins
stenogrwaipthhhie mar,n ds tarwtreidt oinn5 Jg a nua1r9y4 6.
Hes tarotneead c counEtn gilnai nsdht woi nB engaHlei .
succeiendw erdi taif nagi dreltya aiclceodiu nnE tn gl·iosfh ,h is
experieansac m ei nisitnBe ern gfarlo 1m2 Decem1b9e4rt1 o
.
20N ovemb1e9r4T 2h.ia sc coiubsn eti rnegp roduhceerfdeot rh e
firtsitmU en.f ortunSaytaemPlary a,s satda yeMda dihnu pur
onlfyoa rm ontHhe.l eftC aflocruo tn2t 7aJ anua1r9y4 t6o,
meetth eP arliameDnetlaergyaw thiiocnhh,a dc omef rom
Englatnofid n,da w ay etnodt hiem paisnsI en dipaonl itics.
Ofh is two iwnrB ietnignaoglnsiei , sa na ccouonfht i s
childthioodhl ewl a se igyheta orlsTd h.i hsa nso bte einn cluded
int hbooiks. T heo thceern trroeustn hde etvheahntat dlse tdo
hipsh ysiccoalll aWphsiele.en gagiened l ecctaimopna iignn s
Novembe1r9 45w,h enh es tood asa HindMua·h asabha
candifdoatrth eCe e ntArsasle mabnldhy a dt akneonr esfto r
thrceoen secutive 22dt ao2y 4sN ofvreommb erh,a dt oh e
interbveetnwee aegni tasttiundge anntdts h et rigger-happy
policoefC alcudtutrai tnhgwe i despdreemaodn strtaot ions
protaegsati tnhsdete atshe ntepnrcoenso uangcaeidtn hsrte e
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X lnt1oduclion
officearfst,te hrfe i r(sNtAt riAanlE .n gltirsahn sloaftt hiiosn
accohuansbt e einn cluhdeerdSe y.a mPar asatdw'oBs e ngali
accouanltoswn,ig t h somlee totwfer rihstif tsre onKm a shmir
jusbte fohridsee atwhe,rp eu bliwsihtaehndi ntroducthiiosn by
brotUhmearP rasian1d 9 88( SyaPmraa sDaidearOry Mrityu
PrasaMnigtar&,a Ghosh, Calcutta).
SyamPar asaEdn'gsld iisahrr eyv etahlafstr o1m9 4t1o4 2h e
waso neo ft hpei lloaftr hsPe r ogreCsosailvieht eiaodnbe yd
FazlHualqI .na s peedcehl ivientr hedBe e ngAasls embly
A.K.
on1 2F ebru1a9r4yS3 y,a ma Pras'aFdot rhsf eai irtdsi:tmi en
thhei stoofr ytp hriosv irnecper,e senotfla atrsigevece tsoi fo ns
HindMuuss,l iamnsod,t hceorm munictoimebsit nowe odr fko r
thper ovinccoinaslt iitnuD teicoenm b1e9r4'1 .T h ep rincipal
archiotfte hcceto sa liwteirSoean r Cahta ndraa nBdSo ysaem a
PrasSaadr.Ca hta ndBroasw ea tsh etnhl ee adoeft rhC eo ngress
Partiynt heA ssembtlhyo uhgihs gwraosuf pu nctioning
indepenodfte hnaetl lly- Ionrdgiaan izSaytaimPoarn a.s waads
thsepo kesmoaftn h Hei ndcua uaseg,a itnhsceto mmunpaoll icy
follobwyte hdpe r evimoiunsi stry undero ftt hhee influence
MuslLiema gBuoes.ae n dS yamPar aswaedra eb lteop ersuade
FazlHualqt ,h eer stwhile Chief Minister, to bring in his large
follocwoinnsgi lsatrignoegfMl uys lMi.mL .Aa.n'dls e atdh e
coaliStyiaomnPa.r aswaads f ulalwya roeft h'ea ssaentds
liabiolfii ttlsie easd:''e Lre tfoht i msheel( fH aq)o noiefs t he
moslto vapbelres onaHleii ntdieeseshd.i nients h ceo mpahney
keepsg-oaodb atochff rieannddfs o llomwaeyhr esl p thoi m
doe normgooodu st oh ipeso plaen cdo unatb rayld,o mta yl ead
himt oh ell.'
Howevoetrh,ee vre nstosm,oe f them international, overtook
thper ospeocfta sg ood governimneB netn gTahle.m inisters
assumoedffi coen 1 2D ecem1b9e4rT1 h.e predvaiySo,au rsa t
Boshea bede na rreasntdew da st or emaiindn e tenwtiitohno ut
triuanld etrhD ee feonfc e IRnudlitesai tlhlme i ddolf1e 9 45.
Fivdea yesa rlJiaepra,hn a dd eclawraerad g aiBnrsitt ain·.
Withai fne ww eektshf eo rmwearst ooc cuppyr acltlityh e
ca
wholoefS outh-AEsaistath, u bsr ingtihnwega rt ot hvee ry
doorstoefIp n dia.w a1as9m 4o2m entyoeuasAr f.t tehrfe a olfl
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