Learning Disability: A life cycle approach

537 Pages·2010·2.72 MB·English

by  Gordon Grant, Paul Ramcharan, Margaret Flynn, Malcolm Richardson

Learning DisabiLity
a life cycle approach
second edition
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“The book asserts that it hopes to ‘assist readers to anticipate change and discontinuity in people's lives and think about
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strategies to support them’ through the many challenges that they may face in their lives. In my view, this book certainly does i
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that and the editors and contributors are to be congratulated on the production of a relevant and contemporary text that I have ea
no hesitation in both endorsing and recommending to all involved in supporting and caring for people with learning disabilities.” cr
Professor Bob Gates, Project Leader - Learning Disabilities Workforce Development, NHS Education South Central, UK y
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“The editors have gathered an authoritative faculty to present and discuss a range of contemporary issues, both practical ei
and ethical. The text is well-grounded in the lived experience of people with disability and draws on the evidence-base of n
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contemporary science. Each chapter includes thought-provoking exercises. This is a seminal text for students and practitioners, p
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researchers and policy makers.” p
Associate Professor Keith R. McVilly, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia r
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With its spread of chapters covering key issues across the perspectives and is based on the latest research and ci
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life cycle this text has established itself as the foundational evidence for practice. The text is informed by medical,
primer for those studying the lived experiences of people social and legal models of learning disability, exploring a
with learning disabilities and their families, and outcomes how “learning disability” is produced, reproduced
achieved through services and support systems. and understood. b
Recognizing learning disability as a lifelong disability, this Extensive use is made of real-life case studies, designed to i Learning
accessible book is structured around the life cycle. bring theory, values, policy and practice to life. Narrative L
The second edition is refreshed and expanded to include chapters describe, in the words of people with learning i
seven new chapters, covering: disabilities themselves, their lives and aspirations. They t
helpfully show readers the kinds of roles played by families, DisabiLity
• Aetiology y
advocates and services in supporting people with learning
• Breaking news about disability and early intervention disabilities. New exercises and questions have been added
• Transition to adulthood to encourage discussion and reflection on practice.
• The sexual lives of women Learning Disability is core reading for students entering a life cycle approach
SECoND
• Employment health and social care professions to work with people with EDitioN
• Personalization learning disabilities. It is a compelling reference text for
practitioners as it squarely addresses the challenges facing second edition
• People with hidden identities
people with learning disability, their loved ones and the
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With contributions from respected figures from a range of people supporting them. d
disciplines, the book draws heavily upon multidisciplinary argite
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GorDon GrAnT is Emeritus Professor at the Centre for ConTriBuTors Dawn Adams, Kathryn Almack, Dorothy Atkinson, Nigel F G
Health and Social Care Research, Sheffield Hallam Beail, Christine Bigby, Alison Brammer, Jacqui Brewster, Hilary Brown, lyo
Jennifer Clegg, Lesley Cogher, Helen Combes, Clare Connors, Bronach nr
University, UK. CGroawwalerdy,, EGroicr dEomne Grsraonnt, ,M Cahrrgisa rHeat tFtolynn,n S, hLeinildaa H Goelltihnisn, gJ,a Dnea nH Guboeordt,l eKy,e Plleeyte r n, Mdon
PAul rAmCHArAn is Co-ordinator of Research and Public Johnson, Gwynnyth Llewellyn, Heather McAlister, Michelle McCarthy, Alex a G
Policy at the Australian Centre for Human Rights Education, McClimens, Roy McConkey, David McConnell, Keith McKinstrie, Fiona lcra
RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia. MCRhoarbcisek reOtnsl,iz viPeeh,r ,i GlRiphicpahzaaa Rlradu sMPsaierr,lr lAo, tdKta,i r PsMateuonln RtSgatoammlkceehrra,y ,Mr aLaenrs, tlMienya SlMcteoovlnmetni sRsc,i ic,J hoEahlirnzda Tsbaoeynlto,h rB ,M rIoruenrnwpehy yn, olm nt, P
mArGArET Flynn is the Independent Chair of Lancashire Tuffrey-Wijne, Sally Twist, Jan Walmsley, Kate Woodcock Ra Edited by
County Council’s Safeguarding Adults Board, a Senior ichul
Associate of CPEA Ltd. and a Director of Flynn and aR
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Eley Associates Ltd., UK. dm
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SmhAelffiCeoldlm H arlliaCmH AUrnDivseorsnity i,s U PKr.incipal Lecturer at over Design: H nharan PMaaurlg Raraemt cFhlyanrnan
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esign.ca Malcolm Richardson
Page 1
Learning disability
A life cycle approach
Second edition
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We are all on a journey from birth through to the end of our lives. For some this journey is enjoyable and
without major event; for others it is less enjoyable and individuals are presented with many hardships that they
must endure. Still yet for others this journey is made all the more difficult because of disability.
This book is so valuable, for we are slowly but surely moving to a new era in perceiving the needs of people with
learning disabilities and those of their families, so that they might enjoy good quality ‘journeys’ though life in
much the same ways as other citizens. We must all learn to value and promote their rights, choices and
inclusion as valued individuals, and this text offers much insight as to how this might be achieved throughout
their life span.
The editors have brought together a range of eminent contributors who present an array of issues from the life
cycle, from birth through to old age and end of life. The book asserts that it hopes to ‘assist readers to anticipate
change and discontinuity in peoples lives and think about strategies to support them’ through the many
challenges that they may face in their lives. In my view, this book certainly does that, and the editors and
contributors are to be congratulated on the production of a relevant and contemporary text that I have no
hesitation in both endorsing and recommending to all involved in supporting and or caring for people with
learning disabilities.
Professor Bob Gates, Project Leader – Learning Disabilities Workforce Development,
NHS Education South Central, UK
This is a very important time to ensure that we have the most up-to-date knowledge at our finger tips in order
to deliver on our promises to people with learning disabilities and their families. In meeting this need, the new
edition of Learning Disability provides an unparalleled resource. 35 chapters by the best people in their fields
covering the most important issues. A radical approach which starts from the voices of people with learning
disabilities and seeks to explore what shapes personal development across the life cycle. I will definitely have
Learning Disability on my book-shelf.
David Towell, Centre for Inclusive Futures, London
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Learning disability
A life cycle approach
Second edition
Edited by Gordon Grant, Paul Ramcharan,
Margaret Flynn and Malcolm Richardson
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Open University Press
McGraw-Hill Education
McGraw-Hill House
Shoppenhangers Road
Maidenhead
Berkshire
England
SL6 2QL
email: [email protected]
world wide web: www.openup.co.uk
and Two Penn Plaza, New York, NY 10121-2289, USA
First published 2005
This edition published 2010
Copyright © Gordon Grant, Paul Ramcharan, Margaret Flynn and Malcolm Richardson 2010
All rights reserved. Except for the quotation of short passages for the purposes of criticism and review,
no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by
any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written
permission of the publisher or a licence from the Copyright Licensing Agency Limited. Details of such
licences (for reprographic reproduction) may be obtained from the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd of
Saffron House, 6-10 Kirby Street, London, EC1N 8TS.
A catalogue record of this book is available from the British Library
ISBN-13: 9780335238439 (pb)
ISBN-10: 0335238432 (pb)
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
CIP data applied for
Typeset by RefineCatch Limited, Bungay, Suffolk
Printed in the UK by Bell and Bain Ltd, Glasgow
Fictitious names of companies, products, people, characters and/or data that may be used herein (in case studies or in
examples) are not intended to represent any real individual, company, product or event.
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For all the silenced voices of people with learning disabilities and their families
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Contents
About the editors xi
Contributors xiii
Preface xvii
Acknowledgements xix
Introduction – why the life cycle? 1
PartOne–The construction of learning disability 3
1 Narratives and people with learning disabilities 7
Dorothy Atkinson
2 Social constructions and social models: disability explained? 19
Alex McClimens and Malcolm Richardson
3 The roots of biomedical diagnosis 33
Fiona Mackenzie and Heather McAlister
4 Learning disability and the law 47
Alison Brammer
5 Models of service delivery 59
Eric Emerson and Paul Ramcharan
6 Maintaining a commitment to quality 73
Lesley Montisci and Gordon Grant
7 Advocacy, campaigning and people with learning difficulties 87
Dan Goodley and Paul Ramcharan
Part Two – Childhood and early parenting 101
8 Children with learning disabilities talking about their everyday lives 105
Kirsten Stalker and Clare Connors
9 Communication with children and young people 119
Lesley Cogher
10 The importance of aetiology of intellectual disability 135
Chris Oliver, Kate Woodcock and Dawn Adams
11 Breaking the news and early intervention 147
Bronach Crawley
12 Addressing the physical and sensory needs of children with profound and
multiplelearningdisabilities 159
Bronwyn Roberts
13 Family care: experiences and expectations 171
Gordon Grant
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Contents
Part Three – Adolescence and transitions to adulthood 185
14 Adolescents and younger adults – narrative accounts 189
Philippa Russell and Margaret Flynn
15 Transition: a moment of change 203
Jennifer Clegg, Elizabeth Murphy and Kathryn Almack
16 Safeguarding adults with learning disabilities against abuse 217
Margaret Flynn and Hilary Brown
17 Promoting healthy lifestyles – challenging behaviour 233
Sally Twist and Ada Montgomery
18 (Almost) everything you ever wanted to know about sexuality and learning disability
butwerealways too afraid to ask 247
Alex McClimens and Helen Combes
19 The sexual lives of women with learning disabilities 259
Michelle McCarthy
20 Supporting people with learning disabilities within the criminal justice system 269
Nigel Beail
21 Independence, reciprocity and resilience 281
Peter Goward and Linda Gething
22 Personalizing learning disability services 293
Martin Stevens
Part Four – Adult identities and community inclusion 307
23 You have to prove yourself all the time: people with learning disabilities as parents 311
Gwynnyth Llewellyn and David McConnell
24 Promoting friendships and developing social networks 329
Roy McConkey
25 Enabling and supporting person-centred planning 343
Jacqui Brewster and Paul Ramcharan
26 Culture and ethnicity: developing accessible and appropriate services for health and social care 357
Ghazala Mir
27 Work, supported employment and leisure 369
Margaret Flynn, Keith McKinstrie and Richard Parrott
28 Promoting healthy lifestyles: mental health 381
Chris Hatton and John L. Taylor
29 Retrieving lost identities: men with severe intellectual disabilities and
mentalhealthproblemsinlong-term care 409
Jane Hubert
30 Engaging communities of interest 417
Paul Ramcharan and Malcolm Richardson
Part Five – Ageing and end-of-life issues 431
31 A late picking: narratives of older people with learning disabilities 433
Kelley Johnson
32 Growing old: adapting to change and realizing a sense of belonging, continuity and purpose 445
Chris Bigby
33 End-of-life issues 459
Sheila Hollins and Irene Tuffrey-Wijne
viii
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Contents
34 Healthy and successful ageing 475
Gordon Grant
35 Research and emancipation: prospects and problems 489
Jan Walmsley
Index 503
ix
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