Leafy medicinal herbs: botany, chemistry, post harvest technology and uses

298 Pages·2016·13.235 MB·English

by  Ambrose, Dawn C. P

Leafy Medicinal Herbs
Botany, Chemistry, Postharvest Technology and Uses

Leafy Medicinal Herbs
Botany, Chemistry, Postharvest
Technology and Uses
Edited by
Dawn C.P. Ambrose
ICAR Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering,
Regional Centre, Coimbatore, India
Annamalai Manickavasagan
College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences,
Sultan Qaboos University, Oman
Ravindra Naik
ICAR Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering,
Regional Centre, Coimbatore, India
CABI is a trading name of CAB International
CABI CABI
Nosworthy Way 745 Atlantic Avenue
Wallingford 8th Floor
Oxfordshire OX10 8DE Boston, MA 02111
UK USA
Tel: [phone] Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone] E-mail: [email protected]
E-mail: [email protected]
Website: www.cabi.org
© CAB International 2016. All rights reserved. No part of this publication
may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronically,
mechanically, by photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the
prior permission of the copyright owners.
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library,
L ondon, UK.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Ambrose, Dawn C. P., editor.
Title: Leafy medicinal herbs : botany, chemistry, postharvest technology
and uses / editors: Dawn C.P. Ambrose, A. Manickavasagan, Ravindra
Naik.
Description: Boston, MA : CABI, [2016] | Includes bibliographical
references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2016002562 (print) | LCCN 2016004050 (ebook) | ISBN
9781780645599 (hbk : alk. paper) | ISBN 9781780645605 (ePDF) | ISBN
9781780647555 (ePub)
Subjects: LCSH: Herbs--Therapeutic use. | Medicinal plants.
Classification: LCC RM666.H33 L43 2016 (print) | LCC RM666.H33
(ebook) | DDC
615.8/8--dc23
LC record available at http://lccn.loc.gov/2016002562
ISBN-13: 978 1 78064 559 9
Commissioning editor: Nicki Dennis/Rachael Russell
Editorial assistant: Emma McCann
Production editor: Lauren Povey
Typeset by SPi, Pondicherry, India.
Printed and bound in the UK by CPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon, CR0 4YY.
Contents
About the Editors vii
Contributors ix
Preface xii
Introduction xiii
1 Aloe Vera 1
Ravindra Naik, J.S. Rutra Priya and R. Arul Mari
2 Ashwagandha 19
Paramadhas Sudha and Alagirisamy Reni
3 Basil 27
Darach Lupton, Muhammad Mumtaz Khan, Rashid Abdullah Al-Yahyai
and Muhammad Asif Hanif
4 Bay 42
Hülya Çakmak, Seher Kumcuog˘lu and S¸ebnem Tavman
5 Betel Vine 63
S. Jacob K. Annamalai, S. Reetha Subashini, J.S. Rutra Priya and Ravindra Naik
6 Celery 74
Svein Øivind Solberg
7 Centella 85
Terrence Madhujith and Subajiny Sivakanthan
8 Chester 107
A.F. Alonge
9 Coriander 116
Maripillai Munusamy Pragalyaashree and Venkatachalam Thirupathi
10 Curry Leaf Plant 125
Dawn C.P. Ambrose
v
vi Contents
11 Fenugreek 133
Gopal Amuthaselvi and Dawn C.P. Ambrose
12 Lemongrass 139
Salome Amarachi Chime and Ikechukwu V. Onyishi
13 Mint 149
Maria do Carmo Ferreira and Aline de Holanda Rosanova
14 Moringa 163
Anthonia O. Oluduro, Dawn C.P. Ambrose, Aregbesola Oladipupo
Abiodun and Alice L. Daunty
15 Oregano 170
K. Hüsnü Can Ba¸ser and Nes¸et Arslan
16 Parsley 189
Ghazi Daradkeh and Musthafa Mohamed Essa
17 Patchouli 198
H.G. Ramya
18 Rosemary 209
Milda E. Embuscado
19 Sage 224
Ahmad Ghorbani
20 Senna 237
Kuntal Das
21 Spinach 246
Periyasamy Suganya and A. Sangamithra
22 Stevia 260
Ramanathan Parimalavalli and S. Radhai Sri
23 Thyme 268
Rashid Abdullah Al-Yahyai and Darach Lupton
Index 277
About the Editors
Dawn C.P. Ambrose PhD is Principal Scientist at the Central Institute
of Agricultural Engineering (Indian Council of Agricultural Re-
search, ICAR), Regional Centre, Coimbatore, India. She has spe-
cialized in agricultural process engineering and obtained her PhD
in that field at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, India. Before
joining ICAR in 1997, she had experience as an academician and
also as a researcher in various other organizations. She has published
four books, 13 book chapters, 30 research papers and 47 papers pre-
sented at conferences. She is a life member of many professional
societies.
Annamalai Manickavasagan PhD, PEng (Canada) obtained a PhD
(Biosystems Engineering) from the University of Manitoba, Canada.
He is a licensed professional engineer (PEng) in the province of
New Brunswick, Canada. After obtaining his PhD, he worked with
McCain Foods Limited (Canada) as a Scientist. At present, he is
working as an Assistant Professor at the College of Agricultural
and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman. He has
published three books, eight book chapters and more than 60 sci-
entific papers in peer-reviewed journals and presented at international conferences. He has
diverse research and management experience with academic institutions and industries in
Canada, Malaysia, India and Oman.
vii
viii About the Editors
Ravindra Naik PhD works as a Principal Scientist at the Central
Institute of Agricultural Engineering, (Indian Council of Agricul-
tural Research, ICAR), Regional Centre, Coimbatore, India, and
specializes in agricultural structure and process engineering. He
obtained his PhD in 1998 from Tamil Nadu Agricultural Univer-
sity, Coimbatore, India and joined the ICAR Directorate of Rice
Research, Hyderabad, India, in 1998. His major areas of profes-
sional interest are in the postharvest technology of paddy, modi-
fied atmosphere storage of fruits and vegetables, nutraceuticals,
postharvest machinery for sugarcane and banana, and value add-
ition of horticultural crops, particularly fruits and vegetables. He
has been involved in the patenting of six technologies, which are
now at various stages of the patenting process. He has operated
many externally funded projects and underwent training in the field of nutraceuticals at
Virginia Tech, USA. He has also won many awards at national level. He is a member of many
national and international scientific associations. He has published many books, book
chapters, e xtension bulletins, and articles in reputed national and international journals.
Contributors
Aregbesola Oladipupo Abiodun, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Obafemi
Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, 22005, Nigeria.
Rashid Abdullah Al-Yahyai, Department of Crop Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University,
PO Box 34, Al Khod 123, Muscat, Oman. E-mail: [email protected]
Akindele Folarin Alonge, Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering, University of Uyo,
PMB 1017, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, 52003, Nigeria. E-mail: [email protected]
Dawn C.P. Ambrose, ICAR – Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Regional Centre,
Coimbatore 641 007, Tamil Nadu, India. E-mail: [email protected]
Gopal Amuthaselvi, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Sirugamani, Tiruchirappalli 639 115, Tamil
Nadu, India. E-mail: [email protected]
S. Jacob K. Annamalai, ICAR – Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Regional
Centre, Coimbatore 641 007, Tamil Nadu, India.
Nes¸et Arslan, Ankara University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops, 06110
Ankara, Turkey.
R. Arul Mari, Department of Food and Agricultural Process Engineering, Agricultural
Engineering College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore
641003, Tamil Nadu, India.
K. Hüsnü Can Bas¸er, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir 26470, Turkey,
Near East University, Nicosia, N. Cyprus. E-mail: [email protected]
Hülya Çakmak, Department of Food Engineering, Ege University, Bornova 35100, Izmir,
Turkey. E-mail: [email protected]
Salome Amarachi Chime, Department of Pharmaceutical and Industrial Pharmacy, University
of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria. E-mail: [email protected]; salome.chime@
unn.edu.ng
Ghazi Daradkeh, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Agricultural and
Marine Sciences (CAMS), Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman; Hamad Medical
Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
Kuntal Das, Department of Pharmacognosy and Regulatory Affairs, Krupanidhi College of
Pharmacy # 12/1, ChikkaBellandur, Carmelaram Post., VarthurHobli, Bangalore 560035,
India. E-mail: [email protected]
Alice L. Daunty, Mcrennet Foods, Anna Nagar East, Chennai 102, Tamil Nadu, India.
E-mail addresses are included only for corresponding authors.
ix