Le teorie della percezione in Democrito

140 Pages·1978·8.863 MB·Italian

by  Maria Michela Sassi

MariaM icheSlaas si
if
Le teordieel lpae rcezione
inD emocrito
La NuovaI talEidai trice
Firenze
A miam adre
V\·L·!,- -
I 1-\
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Tuttii d iritti riservati
© Copyrig1h79t8 b y «La NuovaI taliEad»i triFcier,e nze
PrintiendI taly
Primae dizionnoev:e mbr1e79 8
Indice
Avvertenza p. XI
Abbreviazioni » XIII
I
Prinfcnoidpaim endtealplleiar cezniepoirn ees ocra-
tieci in D emocrito
» 1
Preemssa 1
»
A.A lcmeone
» 8
I.S imilarei dtias similpa.r8 i.t IaI,C. e ntrdoe lI'atctoi­vita
noscitpi.v9 a.,I IIT.r atctoim unaii p rocepsesric etet oisv­i
servazisounmiie todpo,.1 1.I V.S ulldai stinzfiroasn een sa­
zionee p ensieer qou,i ndfir ad iverlsiiv edlile is istepn.z1 a3,.
B.E mpedocle
» 18
I.T ratctoim unaii p rocespseir cettpi.1v 8i.,I I.S imilarita
e dissimilpar.2i 1t.aI, I IC.e ntrdoe Il'attciovniotsac itiva,
p.2 3.I V.S ulldai stinzfiroans ee nsazieo npee nsieer o,
quindfir ad iverlsiiv edlile is istepn.z2 a4,. V .O rigincaolni­
siderazdiiot niip coa ratteroleo sgpiiceog azidoipn iea ceer e
dolorpe.,2 6.
Anassagora
C. » 29
I.O sservazgieonneir apl.i2 ,9 .I IS.im ilariet dai ssimilarita,
p.2 9. IIIC.e ntrdoe Il'atctoinvoistcai tpi.3v 3a.,I V.S ulla
distinzfiroasn een sazieo pneen sieer qou,i ndfir ad iverlsii­
veldliie sistepn.za ,3V 6..An corao sservazgieonneir apl.3i 6,.
VII
Indice
Indice
E.I lt atto
» 129
D.D ioegndei A pollonia » 37
I.A lcmeopne.1, 3 0.I I.D ioegned iA pollopn.i1 a3,0 .
1.O ssrevazigoenniel ripa,.3 7.I IS. imilaer diitsas imilarita, IIID.e mocript.1o 3,1.
p.4 0.I IIC.e ntdreoI I'aetotniovsictiapt .4i 1v.aI V,. S uIIa
distinfzrisaoe nnes azeip oennes ieeq ruoi,nf drida i velrisvie lli
die sistpe.n4 z3a.V, . S piegazdiipo inaec eed roel ore4,8 .p . SECONDA PARTE:G LI OGGETTIS ENSIBILI » 132
E.D emocrito » 48 A.I c olori » 133
I.O sserovnagize inrealpi.4, 8 .I IT. ratti eaoipmr uoncies si I.D alolrei gaidnE im pedopcI.1e 34,. I ID. emocrit1o38,. p.
pereetpt.i v5Ii0I,.IS .i milead riistsai mil5a8r.iI Vt.Ca e,n ­p.
trod eII'aetotniovsictiapt .i v6aV0,.. S uIIdai stinfzriao ne B.I s uoni » 149
sensazei poennes iee qruoi,n fdriad ivelrisvied liel sii stenza,
p.70. C.G loid ori » 150
D.I s apori » 152
II E.F rededc ola dop,en stael eeg gdeurroeo,m oUe» 157
Singporloic peesrscie eto tgigvesite tnis niebpiir lei-
socraeti inDc eim ocrito 77
»
III
PRIMA PARTE:I SINGOLPIR OCESSPIE RCETTIVI » 77
Ilp reocssdoif ormazidoencpleop vz�v » 161
A. vLias ta » 77 Lel ingeeen edreapllr io blema » 116
1.A Icmeopn.e , 7I8I.E. mpedocpI.8e 2,.I IIA.n assagora,
p.91.IV .D ioegnde iA pollon9i4a.,V .D pe.m oerit9o6,. p. A.I ls ignidfiectlae trom eXiAnAepo vocpc.ue » 162
B.L 'u dito » 190 B.K pa.cnet;c oneonszca » 156
I.K raseic so nosciennP zaar miednep,.1 66I.I K.r aseic so ­
I.A Icmeopn.e1 ,01 .I I.E mpedocpI.1e 21,. I IIA.n assa-
nosceniznEa m pedocpI.1e 7,1 I.I IU.n precediemnptoer ­
gorpa,.1 41.I V.D ioegned iA pollopn.1i a1.,5 V .D emo-
tan:tI eac oncezailocnmee odneilcklara a spi.1s 7,2 .I V. Kra­
eritpo.1, 1 .7
sies c onsoceniznaD emocrit1o7,4 .p .
C.L 'oaltfto » 191 » 178
I.A lcmeopn.e1 ,91 .I I.E mpedocpI.1e 02,. I IIA.n assa-
gorpa.,1 02.I V.D ioegned iA pollopn.1i a22,.V .D emo-
eritpo.1, 32 . IV
Lat eordielacl oan coesnza » 191
D.I Ig usto » 142
Premae:es l segitptaiarmriope e rip rersao-c
I.A Icmeopn.e1 ,42 .I I.E mpedocpI.1e 52,. I IIA.n assa- I.
gorpa.,1 52.I V.D iogedniAe p oIIopn.i1 a72,.V .D emo- tidciiu nat eordielacl oan coesnza? » 191
eritpo.1, 82 .
IX
VIII
Indice
IIL.a t eordiealc loan oscdeiDn ezmao c:rl iit­o Avvertenza
neees sendzeilaqlluaie stione » 198
III.t estimodniAi rainszteeo i t«1es leen s»i smo
Le
diD emocrito 203
»
IVI.f armmenet1 i0« scetticiDsemmoo»c r»id ti2o 0 7
Conosce«nozsac urea c»o nosc«egneza-
v.
nuina» » 213
VIC.o mpledseslitlteaao rdieam ocritea » 222 Quesltaoovr och,ne a sdcaeu nrai elabodrealmzliiatao e nsei
dil aurseiia n,s eriinus ncase e rdiire i cerscuhlcelu al tura
Lad eofrmazi«osncee tteii rclaa p»p ocrotno
VII. filocsaoe mfi edidceaVl s ecolCo.c ,h seis t ancnoom piendo
Protagora .»2 27 a.
preslsaFo a codlitL ae ttdeerlel 'UndiivP eirsssaoi,tt tao
Ia
VIIEIt.i ecg an oseologia » 236 guiddeapl r of. ViDnicB eennzeod etto.
Occupanddeolmtliee o rdieelp lear cezdiiDo enmeo crito,
IX.L ogiecm aa tematica » 241 hop roceidnup taor ticaolrl iaerseda imu en tdeisf tnood a­
mentale impoeri tDlae sneznasi dbquiTus ea orlfaets oD.' altra
X.C onclusioni » 252
partper,o pricoo lgipeecrrie co h dei s pecipfirceos entano
Ie
dottrdiiDn eem oc,r isttoanteoc espsraernidoie ncr oen si­
e
derazainocnhiefie l soopfir ecedSein itnit.ei snto am lo do
Indleoxc orum » 255 e
offriruenq uaddreol tleeo dreilepl ear cezdiaAo lncem eone
sinao D emocrito, daelqllu 'ailnpet osesrniobc iolgel iere
Indidceeni o mi antichi » 262 e
seguuinrlaei ndeipa e nscihecero os tiutnuoi smdcoeemi e nti
e
essendzeilaclluail tfiulroas ogfirceac a.
Indices tduedgmilooids eir ni » 265
A VinceDnizB oe neddeetvtnooo ns oliols uggmeernito
inizdiiqa uleesr tiac ernraca an,c uhnec ontiinnusnoea gmento
stiom.Poe lirn dicaszupi uonpntaiir tircionlgarrFairz ainoc o
e
MontanEanrriiM,co or ic,Vo intitSoariinopa etlri'i ,au tnoe lla
correzidoenlebl oez Szael vaSteostrt.ei
x XI
Abbreviazioni
TimpanCaarrod iPintiP.,i: t agorTiecsit.i moniea nfzrea m­ I
mentaic, urdaiM .T impanCaarrod ivnoi,l,F l i.r3 e1n59z8e- 64.
Princfiopnid amendtealplleiar cezione
ZM:E .Z ellLaefi rl,os odfieaiG recnie ls uos vilusptpoor ico, neip resocrea itnDi ecmio crito
traeda .g giorndaiRm ..M ondlof,o pIa rtvea,l l(.F irenze
2
193e8 )( 591 69).
Testiamnozenef i armmendteipi r esocsroantcoii ctciao tni
lan umerazcihoen eh annenlrola ac codliDt iaee lK sr anz.
Premessa
Inq uesctaop itsoitl eon tdeier sap oIrefr roem ulazdiio ni
pringceinpeirc aolmiua,ni iv arpir ocpeesrsicive, eit ltaborate
dai sfioplfiro ecsroa.tO igcgiedtetplor oismscoa pistaorlaon no
inveIcede o ttrines uet sapplriro ecssesisens gio elnat(renm el­
l'rodi:nv eisutdati,oo ,la ftot,g utsot,a teti ol)m odio nc ui
sonsot aatffrio ntgalotigi g estetnis (icbiiiolc eio lio,sr uio ni,
gloid orecic.,L) '.a ttemnazggiioonvreee r rriav oalD team o­
croi,rnt aa ll'idnito egrnsnieo z isoanrea cnonnos idaenrcahtei
predeccehspes oossroina ov erlo0 mepniiolin fluenizna to
i
quesctapom o: cei o-ei no rdidnise u cscseieto enmpo-rale
A1comneeE,mp edocA1nea,s sa,Dg ioorgaednA'ep olloen ia,
infiDneem ocrito
1.
1.Q uesttiop os udcic escsrioonnoel oe pgei1rc a0p ialic cetdtaagtloi
studirnoas nio,ns arian utpirleec isianqr uiaol cphuen tpor obliecmoat.
Mentrle' attdiivA iltcam eoen gee neralmceonltleon ceaipt rai mi anni
delV secoal.o (Ce.s otltioneandlo'naen terioritas ipc urC>o nologica
riconosacnecromere glliaof unzio'npei onie'rc ihseht aie csaercitato
proprnieol l'amdbeilfitlsaoi oldoegliplaea r ceziloadn aet)a,z iroenlea ­
tivdaiA nassageo Ermap edoec plieli contrSoipv oetrrcsaoa m.u nque
ammettecrheep ure ssenidplor im(on anteo5l 0 0a .C .c a.)1p ialin ziano
desle con(dnoa tnoe4 l9 0c a.1i)ls, i staenmaas sagorsetoa etlosa ibao ­
ratpoi tlia rfdoir,is neu nd irectotnof rocnotnlo av isidoenleml aat eria
delp ensataogrrei ge:nq tuiensosteom bra inAtreinsdteorMteee tlaep,h .
A 39.841a 1( 3A1 6)q,u andsoc ri'vAev� lXlXy6pOC(;• .• 'l"or:8�' � ypo��
{)O"Te:pO(�s c'.E !1.1t"EA8eoOX\)(�cr)f.K R,p .3 80s .). sUencao nddiaffi ­
colet par esendtaaltqlaua e stidoipn rei orfirtaD ai oegned iA pollonia
e DemoictrDoi.o egnes ir ifpae arl cutnria (tetlsi'. a mmisdseivlou noet o)
a Leucpiope, p oicshcer ipvrei mdae 4l2 3( annionc uvii epnaer odiato
da Arisatnoenf elNluev o:le efrH.. D ielOsb,e Lre ukiupnpdD emokrit,
XIV
Princfiopnid amendtealllipa e rcezione
Premessa
Let eorideiD emocrpiostsoo ensos evriesc toem peu nto
mostrianp illia rmgias ucroam Dee mocrsiirt ioa lflroatcec­i
d'arsrein voona ltcrroo nolroigsipcaeoIt altleot trrea ttazioni
mentael Itar adinzeiloslntseaes moo menitnoc u(ip eers .
prsecoratdiecplhr eo blpeemrac oe.tS tivi evdcrhase p seosn on
neltleaio ard elvlsiai onneel,cl oan esriadzidoengoelg ig etti
possibiinldei vifdaru qaureess tiec ruarpip odir'ntfliu enza,
e seinbsiels io ptrtautdtecoio lonroinr) i nunac nioat evino­li
a causa dceoim sede amtpiirn,es ufficfirnoeintdtiai H,fe no ti
novazpieornsio. nali
antiAcnhceh.pe e Dre mocrciist ido o varv ao latcec ontentare
Hol 'piermsisoniena, l tpraer oclheeD, e mocrsiipt oon ga
dii ndivicdouianrcei0 d edenirzffeen rzies petttroa daiHzai one,
comuen ag rsospai emtirlai farriaeVl sec,od lico upir esup­
chneo nso nuol tremreinoptree ciisnta ebrimldiiidn iip endenza
poenm olctoin ceeti tlIi V,d, i c upir eanncuenrcatipiap ro­
o menoM.a f orssea ra qugcaiolas aan chseo lion tudierie
fondimeAnlttir.so avrea vnsiniob siorlpait tgultsitp ou nti d'in­
legafmari I ed ottirniqn ueeo snteis,ec icao ntriab cuoi­ra
novaz(isopine en- spie arn ticqiupaalrcdeoi cs uami i o ccu­
glideerniee sismip ortaaldn ilt aid elilnee vidtiavbeirlsii ta,
per-aa lvIaal utazicoonnseoc edneszlealn asi inbr ialpep orto
e vae denreel l'atdio Dmeimsomcoru inst ios tema originacloeqn,u eail nlt ellerntat unaetlleelo)ad ,r e ilpale ar cez(ipounre
rnap etra nvteir fsroit emelnetgeaa tHoat radizCiioaen e. non mannceaanndcoqh uesii msipluin ptrie)v alggleoiln eo­
evidente anccahmeprn iail, na t eaodlrteirlapil e ar cedzii-one
mendtiic onservCaizaaic ocnaaedc .ea udseal l'imepmr­onta
pircihccea o ntratsusteigtlmno ea t oddeoni a turdaelVli sti
sec:oa lnochienp sicioalc,oo gmien a ltarmib idtiri i rccea ,
«Verhandludnegr3e 5nV. e rsammlduenugt sPchhi.l Soc!h.u limnS. t et. esssipio ngodnifo or ntaed atrie .aL livl alutano variamente,
ti»n 1880p,. 10=6 Klseisne.Sc h ri/teznu rG eschichtaen tdiekrPe hni ­ inb asaep resupdpiovsseirntr,aip artdoanmioe desfinemoi­
lospohieD,a rmst1a9d96t,p .1 9s5s .e) c,i oger ossmoo do neld ecennio
da4l3 0 pioniL ,e ucidpepvoae v esrt elsaso u oap enraed le cen4n4i04o-3 0. mencio nc,rs eitciclhame e tafinsoincc oan dizliao npas icolo­
IIs uod iscedpeovlaoev earl loersae rciltapa rtoop raitat ifivliotsao fica giaat aplu nto chneo npq rueetssiet nasu snotaa nzoimaol­e
unp o'p ilit arddia,l4 30( propcroinot eomrpaneamae nDtieo ge0n e
genediivt eadt .ueD aq uesstiat uadzibi aosn-ee1 0r ip-eto
poco dionpp oo)iU .n c onfrofnrtiao ddaetlitl raa dizriiognuea rdante
Democrciotnof erqmuae st'inpeoltle'siina, d cuorlrleo claamn ea scita non dssiics ottar opnpeoa ncDheem otc.or i
intoam14o6 0c:f Hr..D ieLlesu,kp piosu ndD iogenveosnA pollon«iRah,e i­ E opportpurneaocr icesh se ip arJer1a0p ipdllei Dr e mo­
nisches M»u 4s2(e 1u7m8)8p,. 2 ss(.c ontgrlaoir gomeandtdio dtat i
L. SAt.e lIlnato,r no craolnltooag idai D emocri«toRi,v isdtiFa i lologia cri-tot rascuLreauncdio-p ppoe rcdheei adtuoem ies ti
e d'sItruziColnaes s»i,nc uao vsae li2e0[, 1 492]p,p .2 14-6,c hev uole i1p iglii ovcahnehe a e labolrata etoord iealp lear cezei one
anticitpaaldreae ta ag liin idzeisl e coclforV,.. E .A lfiePleirf, a c rono­
delcloans ocenzIang enelr'teoa misdmeoVl secovlioe ne
/ogidae llsac uofdiaA bdera«, Rivisctrai tdiicS at ordieal fillao sofia» 2.
7 [9152p]p,.4 8-850= 1A tomosI dea.L 'rogiined elc oncetdte/ol' atomo trattabtloco ocrn,ian b isotgennae prree tseec nhed au na
netp ensiegrroe cFo,i ren1z9e5 p3p,.1 -129.)A lfieArti.,p, .5 0n .3 6a,c ­ letturad earite tsoeonnctatira i steod toeslrsiaocfigirc iis ultano
cetitla4 60s olcoo mete rminpuoss tq uemp erl an ascdietlaI 'abderita
sicuraamtetnetspete Laret uec ispoplaool cudnoet trbienne­,
(comgei a afvatetvWoa. KranEzm,p edokluensd d ieA tomsitik«,H er­
mes» 47[ 911],2p p2.0 e 4 1s .c)o,nl am otivazcihoesn oel sop ostando chiem protanitnpi r:i mlou olg'oue nnciazdiefoinon dea menti
pilii nb ass1o0s viludpepsloi stedmemao cri(taeguoll it iamnind ie Vl
secosleon ,o na ddiriatitp urrimadi e ls uccesssienv eop )o,s sano giu­
stificdaaur nel atIao'm pliameei nlmt iog lioraompeenrtraoit sip eatItloe
dottrdiiAn nea ssagora ed EmpeId'oflciu1nses(,oi g ndn aoIsle'oallotgrioa ,
2.C ontri od ubbeis pressuslilt 'eenszsiats esdsiLa e ucipa ppoa r­
etieccac,d. ic) o ncezioni Msaon fiosnot ciccoharebr.be a stsaarnIet' oo pera
tirdeaE .R ohdeUe,b eLre upcpi undD emokri«tV,e rhandludnegr3e 4n.
democrpietrge iau sctairlfie' fliunendzeadi u eg ranpdrie dsescoeprrie,­
Versammlduenugt sPchhi..lS oc!hulimnT. r ie1r8»7 p9.,6 4 s s(.= K leine
suppoisntfiag titdaia L eucipPpeor. quraingtuoa prodiialr apporto coi
Schfrtein,T iibinguenndL eip1z9i0g1 I,,p . 2s0s5c. f)r H.. DiVeblesr,
sofisetdii ,ni speccoirlee IatidviiP srmoot agqoureasn,to ino perpao i Leukppi cti.p,.9 68 8;.A .D yroffDe,m okritstuLdeiiepn,z1 i8g9 9p.,3
tanttaor sdeic ,o llaa blollraea g isldaiTz uironine e4I 4 4e/m 3u orien tomo S8;. AlfiAetr.pi,., n.82 7P.e ru nav ero8iimnidliev idudaiqz uiaonnteo
al4 20( sulle relazioend io tctrroinnoiadl luoiaeg b ifdcreharee if stroi.tt o,
sid evae L eucipep qou anat oD emocritDoy rco,fDff re.m okritstudien
pp. s2s2;.29 3 7; 2 s4.3 s.).
cti.p,.1 18 S;.K irkK,R ,p .4 02.
2
3
Premessa
Princfipoin damendteallpliea r cezione
zio,ns eoneos aimnaPtair men(piadre3r -.4 )P lat(poanrer .
desli st(cerfms.ap c eimaeln Atre isDteo getn.e. t c orAr .83 .25a 3,
5-6E)m,p edo(pcalre7r -.2 A4l)c,m e(poanre2r 5.- 2A6n)a,s ­
23s s.6 7A 7)e,p oIiet eodrei[J.lee yxex.Z 'J(66'JA7 1 p,a r3.1 ;
= sago(rpaa 2r7r-.3 C7l)i,d e(pmaor3 .8 4)D, i ogedn'eA pollonia
A 1,0A 24,)d e'Uoridgeitlnu eo (n6oA7 2 5d)i,m oteaf roma
(parr3.9 -4D8e)m,o cr(iptaor4 r9.- 8e2 d)in uovPol atone
deltlear( r6a7 1 p,Aa r3.0; A 26,N ecAl o m2p7sl)sse.opi o ­s
(par8r.39 -1)
sonaoc cetItepa arreod liCe i cer(oAnc.ea dII3 71,81 67 5.
pro = Daldlias tribduepziai roangerr iasfiue lvtiad elnadt iev ersa
A 8)s ecocnud«io Leucipppluesn eutmi na;nD eemocritus
importaatntzrai dbauT ietroafa satiov arpie nsa:mt oolrtio
huiicnh osci msiu,lb rieiionrc etie»sr:la t radiczoinosneer va­
trascurati seoC nloei mdPoaa,rt mteennuizndip eoo nm'ea g­
sasceim bmroas trcahLreee u cihpagp eot tIafetno od amednelt a
giorriec evAonnaos saDgloorgaee,P n lea t(ocnuseio naos se­
tistcehmieals ,u aol liheaev loa bonreadite ot teadg lai­p pro
gna1t-i011 paragcriaafis crnuanl o')i,n tperreevsaslee nte
e
fnodiitnod irezpiaorntii cForlaga larimi b.i dtiri i rccesa p e­
rivoaldEt mop edo(c1ls8ee zioni) e Dseomporcartittuot to a
cifidciDi e mocrviatnonp orb oabilmaennntoev eprraotpir io
(3s4e zipoindliii :u nt erdziot utIto'ap erCai)o. d ovuto
e
lat eordiealp lear cezeiq ouneeld lealc loan eonszcian tellet­
prboabilmaeldn etcei mseoc canidceilstlmeeoo rdiiE em pe-
tua(loel cthrleea m atemalt'iectali,amc ead,i cli'naan,t­ ropo
logeicac,p. e)cr,u ia lucih pee 1r0 p imlii r ife(rciormoe
e 3.D alr esocotnetoof raasptpeaocr hee P armenindoen h at rattato
derle sbtiosn oarg asseganf raaerq suias seim pnreel sltau dio tantio d ettadgellipl ear cezsieonnsei qbuialnetp,oi uttio psrtooc edi­
dell'at:Io amt irsamdoicznoiofonndese ep ssIoeo pinidoenii mentgie neraatltir avceuriss oor gleap hrnoesiQsu. esstair anpneor cio
discunseslIi I cIa pitionlu onc, o nfrontoc ocnocne zldiaeo mnoec ritea
suodiu ee sponee mnothife,o nptosit -rtaesotafeded irittura
dell'odreiplg/z irnoene in.
ignorLaenuoc ipPperore) n.d ceornstio delelv aa rviaesttai ta 4.N elc orsdoiq uesetsap osiznioonsn aer dae dicaa tCol idemo
spazsipoe cimfiecnoz,i onansdoolilono d irettqaumaenndstoie na e ces­
dii ntedrieD sesmio c,rc ihtneoo n sono fissioeclc ito asnmtoo­
sariEog.lc iie notoo,l tcrheed atlr atttaetoof rastedoau, n ats eosltoi ­
Iogciocemiq uedlelsliu moa estbraoss,tc ao rrperriem,a che monianazrai sto(tneellMielctaae org%iaB, 9.37100a)s e,c oncducoio n­
farmmenett ie stimorneilaanitzcliea v tia,lt orgaos idlellilaen o siderlaalv uam ino(sdieftlua l miunne')a ppareed naaz lac,u pnais dseil le
operbeo tanidciTh eeor fascthoe c ir iportIaesn uoeo piniionntio rno
suoep etrrea manddaDa itoog Leaneer IzXi4 o5 -(469A8 3 3). alIgae nernaalteu dreal pliea n(taen alao qguae ldleag alnii marnlai p,i u
Map eqru anctoan ceprniesli p ecificlaamd eonttterd ienlal a impuer afer ddaI)el, o rmaa latet iilte e mppoi lio pportpuenrlo a s e­
min(aq uetsetset imonsioanrnoaz cec oslotteit lno u mer6o2n eiVo rso­
percoenzei,d an otasroept rtauctoteomT eofrdaesdtioac hi
e kratikeDra)lp. ar3.8 d eDle sensibruiss ucIhteCa l ideamsoc rilvae va
Democurnit'oes sipzoicoonineds erevoelsmteeend stoaevi iozsa visatHaa q ualdiitaaf adneal l'ocIc'huidaoil,tm ou overdseil I'naerli­a
lo'rehcicol,'l aofttaod i nalazdi'oan,rei i lga ustaol Isap ugnodseiltlaa
dip airctolsaernpize,ar anlotmrion maarLiee upcoi:ip nq uesto
lingAuIat.r doiC lidenmoon s appiaPmoos.s iasmools ou ppordrael,­
campioflno datdoerlel 'atdoomvieasvvmaeod r eet bteopn o c.o l'doirnger ossmoo do cronolodgeiDlce os ensibiunsc ,u ie situfartao
Primdaip assaalrIceao nesriadzivoenreap reo pdreilal e Anassageo Driao genceh,es iaa ll'inccoinrtceam poraa cnoesot oro.
Nullian vescipe u bc ongettsuursiau rogeie nerpaulnidt iiv isfitlao sofici,
dottrine ppreerrscaoetctitocichvceeo, r arnecroarr iac ordare
tantpoi llch ed,a q ueclh ec ie tramandpaatrcoeh, e q uesntaot uralista
cheli 'nofrmaziaoden sesr ee latfiorvnai stoarp attudttaol sis ioac cupsaotlodo ip roblpeamrit ic.No olnas reimbrianfi nceh e sia
e
De sensibduiTs eofracshtee o l,af note gdrial nu ngpai li icfd.reZ nMt,Ii 5fic,cpo a.n14b 0 4si 3ntl .oe3 r 4Ci)lc.io d e(mpoel rab iblriaofisgau t alqeu estione
ampieia m portpaenlrta ce o neonszcdae lplsai cofilsoigoilao ­ 5. Lad escridzeilodlnoeet trpilnaet on(idccihu eit uttanvoinmia
gicaan teraidoA rrei stoLtoe lsec,.rc ihtet sotadtiov iso occuperb, illidm iistcaonrdsoo p raelslo'ce)rt vaait einicena fartitpir esa
e
alIfinae ,d adli veprusnot doiv isdteag olgig edtetlisl ean sazLi'oanlet.r o
in9 1s eozni,is ia rtiicnod luaep ar:tl iap rim(paa rr15.-8 )
filoos ocfonsidearnacthsoeo tqtuoe sptrao speet tDiemvoac tro:i pia ­
riguairp drao cefisssiioi lcdoieg lsleaan zsiolnaes ,e conda ragrcahfi1e 0 r iguarcdoapnrooi nnof altafit nied elplrai mpaa retl e' inizio
delsleaconddeaDle sensib(udsTa e ofsrtaaop pacrheeg lail tprein satori
(parr5.91 -)9g loig gedtitq iu esLteap .e rsonparleiistnea
nons is onooc cupsaent oin d is ufggidteag olgig estetnis icboislsaiuc , u i
conesriadzisoonnneoo v:de opiod ue parda'gtirrnaofid u- sit omeraa s uot empo).
5
4
Premessa
PrnicpiiJ ondaemntadleil lpae rcezione
sid ireas itaa ntien c1lu'daetroeim nic sitaas cduenldalu ee
doce1D ee mocrcihteso t,i mToelorafa sat doi offndesrusd ii
oppocsattee gPoerroi gen.pi e nsactoomruen,q Tueeor,fa sto
esspeep ro sio ttoapu onrcalr ei tpiimcliia n uozsiaM.as iamo
cerchera di spiesguaears esp ionzeisloea n bcebo rrascoc id ella
beng raatHios pirpiotloe mdieclol 'adliAl riiesvtoos tee le,
l'nua0 l'ltairda eEa i.n corirnfee rrqau efnrotzia tpuerrec,h e
ci1o0 i nduac dea ricnoifr mazdiiou nnim' paizezsae npzaar i
lan ozidoina el teraezi igonnoaetip a r ecsroatiiq cuiav,le i­
e,s pgolidaatgesl cih eimmip odsat'liel siptoosre-gciousdii ce,
donlo' intedraau znpi uonntdeiov isets1acu sivammeecnctae­
preozs.ie
ncioe,n onsp io ssaonncoo rai plpr oorbrlede emlnale ac essita
E necesisnafiraniveov ercthiIere me o dalgietnae drealllia
decio nt0r amrenio .
sensaziovniesd tase o Tneoo aftratavrsetruosn oos che()mfLaOL ­
SolcooA nr istsoaitv erulane da e scriczhiioaecnr oseac iente
OV-EVCXVgTLinOaVe p:i r idmuiep aragdretalrfi a ttcahhteao n,n o
demle ccandiiis nmtoe ravziisdotanlo eu ,dia vevrcoo emu na
caratitnetdrrueot teigvclo1i,a ssivi afirpciea n satsoercio nda
a alterafzrtiaeo rnmeii dnein pteisrcso it rmaattoe rrniaad li­ef,
ches piegihp irnooc essi apteterrrcasevlotas t iimviil 0a rita
ferendzailafltroaim ad iq ue:sc tnoocetcthiee glrii cerca
atatvrerislco o ntrfaars toor gana dee lpolgeagr iecotentzeo.
tropvpool ennteisieu roii pre(dseoctetsoslomiranige aarnid o
Distipnegrucei coo ltocrrhamoe e ttono l'amcucteunat o sulla
orla' sapetdteol l'iodreqanu teiltdlaeo,lc loan traprei1re0 t a
attrafzriao nesc iomsiee l cio,l cohreso o ttollii'nnetaenroa ­
stsespoe nsatNoornee )l ecdiutnoq cuhee p,r estfadened o
7.
ziocnoee m aiteralzaiq ounaela,ev viseonelf oar contrari
adA risteoT teeorlfates ot,r earsifaimc oo ncdeits tiim ilarita
(coemvei dneenltsleee n satzailto.itEn )ic io Iseig gi-asumboi to
ed issimiinl aturenim tpiaonc unio cne n 'earnac ocroas cienza.
doopI ep rirmieg dheeDl e s ens-ibcuhseil C( PfLEVLa[J'YJv.� e
E legittimop epuran Er mlpaemdeo cch1ieen q, u almcohdeo
xc,a' E!-t 7tE<:.>OO"''YJ�X �/\ X G,Uil "'M ': I.()V)T T�cp O"fLOLOc,LpO<:.>, 'E 7t E"p LA v IX1:' s'rx yo- haa ntiactiioplp r ipnicdoie lolW'V5 1J. rnan onc osi per
OfW(CP, e
pewx rxt' Hp&XAELTT�OE VV IXVT(LpCP a1r)N..o ns onmoe nzionati
altprrie aristotelici.
peorr Aal cmeoDnieo,g eeDn eem ocreia tnoc,ph eeqr u esta
Teorfassttoe dsismoo sdtier ssae mceos cieqnutaen,ad lol a
qualchuant oe ntdaict oo rreg'Hgpe&rXeAE LiTnO�V 'YJ iJ.6xPL­
fined epla r2. a ffermcah en EpE�xOC G"'t"."rj.'t"e;w. v x cza"t" fLSpOe;
TOV6: rn ai nfelicernepnittliea, r (dppie.a 4r r9c)Th eeo frasto (s cc.,U M G" 'JG"·EuVCiJ) O" LfL EV(l,..' ..I\.... I\LG"O XE�"oV O (lnI\..O'L..E nG"OLUV',EfL nE-
aOX:rje;A 7tEL't"pO:Lxa d't" CJ:1h&()(&Ve;:Y VEd Le;'t" �0vfLO 6L't""rj't"So:o.l o
3e:
6.C frL.. P hilip"pYsAo'Y)cln v,& pW1t[Bve'Y),r ol1i38n1,ip p. e8 1656 .
Empedoc1e Ireis cionngadoiulscete h aelslseaii msi lgalrii ta,
L'acceandEn roa clsiutsodd tiaffi colta ancihnse e gpueTiretcoorhf a6s to
non1 0c onsidaeffrtaetr.oIa I f attcoh eis uopia srsiim asntoinoc ffir ano alturtii litzazplaern ion c0i qpuieolc loon trsaorlgioeo n erica­
alcuanp pigallilcoal assifictaezoifornaneso tnhe aag ranidmep ortanza, mente. lQiumeisttaadz eiloslncaeh el5miaLJ. VOO-evV't"O:(aolvl e
comeo gnair gomentazivoongelb iacash aesr usu in at radizeisoingeu a
lingeeen edrealldlioe t tersianmei lnaasttceri aas pialsr uior e
e farmmentaa:er vierpoi uttosAtroi scthoent eeDlle e a,ni mAa 2.045a
27,s embraat triblu'iirddgeelalis l iam ilaarlci otnat,r adriTi eoor fasto caratdtiee srter apoploatszeiroianogerol eci,c d hici h cio nosca
(chien vedceer isveam pIrees uei nterpredtaaq zuieolanlriei sto:t eliche
ilm odtoi pciocnoc uAir isteoT teeolfer aamsmteot tdoin o
cf.rJ .B .M c DiarmTihde,o phraosntt uhseP resocrCaatuisce «sH, arvard
StudiineC sl assical Ph[i91l5o3lp]o.,g ys8».s5 p, 6o i1in S tudiePsr ei­n frad iraeil orpor edseoscrpeii diu quanetffeot tivanmoenn te
socraPthiicl poshoy,e d. JD.F. u rlee Ry. E. AI l[lLeonn,d 1o79n0 ,]
p.1 87 s.s)M.a neDle gene.t c arrA. 7 3.233b, a ffrnotanidlpo r oebmla
- comes pesgsloai c cades o-tutno' alptrroas petAtriivsat,os toetl­e
toliln'eaas pdeetclto on trastmoe.n ziLodani Ee r aclsiipt oot ra quindi 7.L 'arbitrnaerlile'tian teraprriesttaozdtieeollnnlieoac zai opnree ­
mantenneerlte e stsou,p ponecnhdeTo e ofsrtaot engda' occshoiloio l socradt'iicnat erea sztiaoatncaeu tamernitlee vdaaCt ah emissps,e cial­
seconddeoli u ogahrii sto(taenlciqhcueie srtioe nnterlasl ueea bitudini, mentpep .8 9s se. 3 05s . (eflr'.a Ipft.3rr a0o: 5 « [Aristroetaildne t]o
comed imosMtcr Dai armniedlo lp'c.i .t)T.r ovpoe rdsau perfisueap,­ thaec tion-poafes asrilosinye srt ehmiossw nt heoorfqy u alitcahtainvgee
purneo nc omlpetamednitsed egnlaarb eicleepn,rt oep odsiJt .aL o ngrigg, whicohc cuornslb ye tweceonn traarnidse usp potsheatdth pes ychological
TwoN oteosn T heophraDset Suesn sib«uPsh,i lolo1g91u( s91»7 5p).,1 46 mechaniofst mh eP resocrwaatsbi acsseu dp oann h ypothtehsevi esr y
s.d,i i ntrod(ucrorrer egigne' nHdpolX xe;A[o'Y)uv)n r iferimento all'accoap­posoiftt heao tnw hicthh ey ubput ihlettih re oroifpe hsy sicchaaln» g)e.
demiEcroa dcel.i
7
6
Princfipoin damednetlaplliea r cezione Alcmeone
(p (p
dciessCeiroon.o nolsutnatgnuott eit,Dloe sensiqbuuests 'idea O• fLIep O,Ln on't"- epS:, V IXI V't'aLrep1.) 0 't"-O�LS: , IXVVI't" �L Oat.r2 )1 :
ap riionrfliu epnuzrat rnoopnps oo liolc ommentrnoaa nche per Alcmeone railme asscse idmia«o d ipvaer»lr,rnas aro e
l'essipzoicohnceee ,r chdeurnoqd uile i be,dr iav roelitnva o l,t a nond i« oppos»1t 0.o
dau naf uorviasnotvero aispzpi.o ne Ritencogmou nqcuhele ' eterodgeelnle'iostreagn aznioe nte,
implicniotc ah feos speo,s essas ecrnoefer madtaal f tato
0
chep eirl m ediccroo totnuitaItteese e nsazsiiro incio ndu­
A A-lcme(oDsnee en s,ip baur2sr5.-D6 K=,2 4A 5) conaolc erov.e ll
1.S imiilteaa dr i ismsairlita IIC.e ntdreloal t't icvointoas citiva
A1cmeeos nueb iptosotd oa T eroafsftroa ccohlseop rioe ­ E quesItaa scogpeenridtaealgl er anfidsei o:lI oacg eontra­
ganloas ensazfLi�"o </ln0 eflO CP[ (vi.n idzeiploa r2.5 )C.i o !idteacl e rvneelllvloia tc ao nsocitTievorafa.s (tpoa 2r6.c) i
crepar oblpeemric ahde ,e sempioT asnenceorinylmd eo­ inforcmhae&: 7t(x.cr�oc.'t".oc.e;lX �itcr�crEcrLvuC;P'Y) 't'it-Yjoccr1t'L<U �1t' Po �
8,
diccor otonriiactoen duirnrr eebablaetls a i miilp er ocessi 't"vo zyxecpocaALoxOvoc 'l1t' 'Y)pUOcritIXxLLu v:;.oveoux d fL't'EIXA-
sensinbeimllo im,e nitnac usip ielgava i sattat ralvear so 1\">. I1X 't''t'O't'V\'Y) 't"XVOI<U p �IX S:'V1t''">.L (J.l\ IlX fLyt-'\aIX pV E\1t' W't"IO o pu�e;O,O" U, L<U.,. VIX .L
presednifz uoac on eolclic'hoe, l 'duitaot tralve'rriavsaio ­ oc��crcrEL«Te; u.t Itese e nsa-zaiffoenrim aInepor ipmaer ole­
brannteelr Ie'ciocoMh.a l aT irnpanCaarrod oibniie atm tiao, sic onnetitnqo unaol mcohdeao l c erv»e.Nl ellosl uaea s po­
vedegrieu starncehnelt ave i,s et aat tuiantr ae al«tdaal Io siziaod nieri,evl re oT,e orfasntoom isnpae cificiaclme ern­te
splendeed natdlei af»a neo chea nalogacrnoenndtiez ione velslool ionr iefrimeanltlao't otlrnofa,d aq uesctiat azione
9,
dell'nuodnei s tooll o' avriibar arnnatp eu,rl eac aviatuar i­ risuclhtiaac rhole a s uiam portsaien sztae ant duet ltava i ta
coalr(en el prcoaspsiiqtrnuooel sot i pcrhooeb rleae msiu,f ­ sensiTbailpleose i.z idoisn uep remeac zoniefar madtearl e sto
ficiesnfitoer asraern,ao ne samisnpaetcii ficaSmiep nutoe ). daa ltprais: fs riqau esvtisi o ndou efar sdie lslcor iitptpoo ­
peanrsqe u incdhie« Alcmeoanffeer rnals'seet erogeneita cdrealtII­is:cptol-Yjp e; v ouucr( oripoirnDt aKt,2e 4 A ll)c,h dee ­
l'rogasneon zireinstpeael lt'tgooeg tetsot e»r( ncoioec ad­ella rivacneor tamdeaAn ltcem eiolcn oel legafmrpeahn rtsooin se
vtiaa uricroilsapraeelt c toor ppoec rossdoe,l cristallino ri­
spetatlco o rlpuom oisnoL)'.ti enrpretdaezlTilioarnn pea naro
Cardeis nsoit anziaelsrnaetrnntatpa er, o bbialrneAn1tcem eone 10.A nchCe. W . MulleGrl,e iczhuGe lse ichEeimnP. r injzriiiph ­grie
chiscDheennk eWnise,s ba1d69e5np, . 61 8nr,.i ticehneAe l cmeonnoen
nons ic uranveaa ncdhi« eaff erma»r em0e nlo' eterogeneita
sic urdiip recisseal rase e nsazaivovneena gtat ravielsr ismoi0 l ield issi­
dell'osregnazni:oqe nuteesetraca i osee rnpliceimpmlie­nte milee p,e nscah ec iaoc capdearg liin tereemsisnie ntefimseinotleo gici
catdaa lsluete e ioerC.h eT eofrnaosnts oic urdiip recisare demle diceos,t raanlep or obledmea'l 8lofLwv0 fLO(c<rh,e s econlduoi ,
perog,la iI tprrie socrsaipt oincgio enffeot tivamLe'nitneto.ep reard ai
ils uog iudiizniiozp irasoleeg duoenn elI'seiszpiodoinmeo,­
Mullseirf ondsau t alper esup;ps oesntzopar onuncisaurlvmlaial idita
strcah Ae1 crneeo nees traanleIsooc he5m�aLO oevv-"G([V'tov, generdaiql uee smtios ,e mbprear coh ea liveglnloos eolpoogsispcaoo r ­
ch1e 0s cirttgolrsieor vappodnaleels 'tneoEr. g liseolrvoa p­ taraed a ccetatcarriet icgalmsiec nhteeam tit raveqrusaoAl rii is toet ele
Teofsrtaop resentIaedn oot trine pperrecseotctria(vteeif csrho.et to,
ponae f aitcat,a ntv'eerc oh ei mpielg'paer seses fli�o" n</l p.3 2n .5 2)M.u lliebrdi,.s ,is forpzear sdinido i mtorsacrhee A lcmeone
ricondiau vcies etsas enziaallfm ueonctdoee lI'o(cscehciooun nd'oti enr­
pretazcihoe-n ec omep recinseelpr roo ssciampoi t-ole oe rratial) ,
8.C f.rP .T anneProyu,lr ' hisdtefo ais rcei ehneclel ePnarei,1s 8 87, chefar ebbdeil uuin s ostenpiit0iIo mreen oi nconsapdeevlsolilame i la­
p.2 1.4 ritsae,n zpae raIstprioe gcaormeme a ia lloTreao fra1s0tc oo llochii fra
9.C f.rM .T impanaCraor diPniit,I. ,p, . 1 31. !J.-I]" <I>0 fLo(1t<rO WUVt;,,;T1j€ v atO"(&n1).v
8
9