Table Of ContentANONIMO
LE COSE
DELLAG UERRA
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diA ndrGeiaa rdina
FONDAZIONLEO RENZOV A LLA
ARNOLDOM ONDADORIE DITORE
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CREDOI P
Consordzici roe dpeirt loeo perpeu bbliche
ISBN8 8-04-32202-0
GrafidciVa i ttoMreirioc eo AntoVneiroc esi
© FonadzioLnoer enVzaol !LJ1 989
le dizimoanggei o1 989
INTRODUZIONE
DaV oltaaltia rreid mop ero
r.
Il2 6f ebbrdaei1lo 7 6V9o ltasicrreia sC saeetr iInlai, m peratrice
diR usseil aep, r opodsiue tl iizznaer'lemil,m inengtuee rcroan tro
iT urcuhnit ,e mibsitlreu mednimt oor tceh,ea vrebbe seo rpreso
attergrlaiivt voe r«saNornib :a sftaar uen a guveirtrtao croinosa
tro questeip obia rcboanrccilo uundn epara lcqaeu alsnioans ib;a
stuam ilibairsloigd,ni as trugUgneu rolmiod. a lle idemei nuove
diceqvuaa,l cghieo rfnaoc, h en elvlaes ptieau nred ovleev ostre
truppaep psrie satm aanroc isaipr oete,br bfea rues foa cilmee nte,
cons uccseods,ia nticcahrir ig uedarm road,i ftiiEc.ga liim magi
navcaa rar diu et imodnoit,a atlill,ao ro estdriue nml iatràg,o
frontdaelset ianp artoot egigplee rtteo radleceia vaClilais.c duin o
quesctair mroil,tl oe ggesraor,e bbe dgaud iudefa utcoi lsiietruia,
tia ll'instueu rns noop,p aIlc caor.dr oiv rebpbreercoe dleacr ae
valleLrosi pae.at ctorlioe mpirieT bubrecd hiis tupoerq eu,e llo
ches tupisce socghgeni oong a.s erCviaiòn r uelbilbnaue n p aese
frastaogm loinagttnaoo spoo,t reabvbeeer fef estotrip renidne nti
pianuarlam,e pneoru nas olcaa mpagInlta e.n tactoitsveor ebbe
benp oco,p omrtae bbrei sulmtoalrtueot isleen,cz oan trindicazio
niE.c cqou elclhoem i d iceivmlai os ognateoi role or, i peatlol 'e
roidneanl o stro Eslelcgaoi ludoi.c choenur ncà o ldp'oc ochiPoo.
trrài dermnape e,r donaelrlzàoe l1o•> >
L'u«o mdoa lildeen eu voe»i,«l osgnarteo»n,o n era laol tri che
stesVsool taEi nroen. erpar ilmvaao lcthae fiillo psroofpoo neva
1 VoltaCoirrersepo,n danIcXe(j uil/e1t7 67-sept1e7m6b9reé) ,d .T h.B esterPamraisn ,
1985fi,. I II OI,p .7 95-
x ANDREGAI ARDINA
au ns ovralin'doed air iesumianfr oer,ma ag gnioartuan,od epii ù
ancthieit enamciitd iec ia mpdiib attaigclla irafr:ao l cuantv oe,i
colmou nidtiol amtea gelniti, deasd tirisuntgagtelera fe a nteria
nemicLoa a.v evgiafà a tdtuor anltage u erdreasi e tatnen siu,g ge
rendaolr ed iF ranLcuiiaXg Vi, p eirlt ramdietdleu cdaiR iche
lieduia, d opercaornetF reod erIiIqc uoe lmlaac ch«imnoal tpoi ù
affidamboilltpeoi, ùt emib»i dleelalrem mie ssienc ampo dai
PrussIilam nair.ch deisF el orsiia nee nrtau siadsemlalt'(oip deera
quesVtool taicrhei almoce ornlàa ' ppelldait« iosvvor intendente
aic ardriCi i r»o,)n ea vecvhai eusntm oo delleli oan voe pvrae sen
tataolm inisdt'rrAog ensoVno1l•t asiimr oes trsaivcaud reosl u c
cesdseol sluasa c opearptpae:sn eai ceunotmoie ns ie icecnatvoa lli,
inp ianuarvar,e bbaenrnoi enutnea steor cdiidt ioe ciumoimlian i,
mentsroel tacnitnoq uacnatnan odnatili ro parverceibsbpoeo ro
tutnoe utralqiuzezl«apl reaett eid rol»e.rUi nei cion convenii ente:
carfrail cpaottie veasnsoeu rseau tnia solap evrocdlhotépa lo,' ef
fetstoor prneosna erpaienùfo f icUaocmiii.nn it orpdiadlrilotaui
tin-ee glaig giun-gneovnaa vrebbpeortoua tpop rezqzuaerlel a
noviCtiàv .o legvean dte'm imaginazeid oing ee niEo c.o nfidava:
«Ammettdoie ssere rmiadi incsoolmosm,eau ,nm onaccoon d el
carbodneel,l o ezd oelslfa ol nihatc raom bilaa'trotd ee lgluae rra
int utto questo sppeorrccmhoaé iu m nio mnbdroa,t tcaocmaer te
men onp ortebbree ndeeq rualcphiec csoelrov iiznicoo gnito?»2•
Tuttacvoiniapl , a ssartee mdpeeolg, ls iir esceo ndtion one ssere
BerthSoclhdw alr'zi«,n ven»td oerleploal vdears ep areoc ,h el e
possibdiivl eidteàrr e alizizlpa rtoop rpiroo geetrtaonq ou anto
mair emo(tN«ee ssguenn eroasleemr aàis ervirpseeprna eu dreal
ridicioncl aosd oi' nsuccCeisv soor.re ubnbu eo mor iso.l.ucth.oe
fosusnep om'a cchinei cshtea am aslsaes torainat .ic».3)a.; m a
nonr inun-csioòp rtauttdtoop o bellavl iat tdoirF iead erIiIac o
Rossbacalhp i-acdeerlerl eacm riinazi«oCnhiea :b attiuntdoe
gnamenStaer.e bbe sta.t.foa. r m ecgodlreircioea rrder' iAs siria in
1 Correspondanljcaen vi1e7r5 4·déce1m7b5r7e) ,
Voltaire, IV éd.T h.B estermPaanr,i s
1978n,.4 601( tno vemb1r7e5 6)p,. 778C.f rn.. 4719( 6m arzo 1757p).,9 67�;7 73
(magigo1 757p).,z o oB;4 797( igugno1 757p).,I OJI.
2 VoltaiCroer,r esponIdaVn,cc iet n..,4 799( t8gi ugno1 757p).,I OJlc;f rn..4 807( 2lu
ro4r
g1i)op.. doveV oltaiinrsei asntceo rpar esisloR ichelpieeruc fhaéc ccioas truuin re
rrototipo.
Correspondanccei r., dr.4 818( tl8u
Voltaire, IV. n.-l 816( t8lu�lipop).1, 0 50-1; n.
glio)1,0 5p1.4; 8 18( 19l uglipo.1) 0.5 1e; SOprartU4t8tO8 0( 21s ettemhrr.e1 )1,0 4"
��Lpao litniocnèa a ffamri oe crii nunccoimoea ic ardrei� lAls siri)),
INTRODUZIONE XI
aperctaam pagpniau,t tcohseft aor si accodpupeca orlele idtn rea
essecroes traef tutgigv ierreg ognosdaamveanants teei bi a tgtlaio
nip russsieannaziva,e cro mbautt»to1 •
Conl m'pieratdriiR cues sVioali trafeup iiùn sitsetq:eu napsei
tulanCtaet.e rgilrniia s puonsape r imvao lnteal l'adperlsiltloee s
soa nnqo6 9:« Nullpar ovdai psiiùg,n olrase i,n cedreivito às tri
sentimneenmiti iec io nftriod,niq uanmtiod itseuq uecia rdrii
nuovian venziMao nine o.s turoim idniig uerrraas sgolmiiaan o
queldliti u tgtlaiil tpraie slien :o vintoàns perimeanptpaatieo no
lordoi sciultiiE»br2au• n m odog arbead teoc idsico h iudiedlr ie
scormsaoi ,l2 7 m aggViool tariirreo srunalòrl g'omecnotno nuovi
particioc laarririnin: ,u medrioa ppemneaz zdao zzianvar,e bbero
dovuptroe ceduenr ec odricp aov alold eirf iaan teers iaar ebbero
stastciiur ameenftfei cama ecnico,h ieg iannidziMz uesrti anfoàn
avessfeartout sodo i c avadliFl rii 3s•A inac opri iùn sisftuei nnt e
unal ettdeer1loa a pridleel l'sauncncoe s«sHiov bou:o nmio tivi
per crcehdeel rage r anadrem adtiaV ostMraae sitmàp ersiia le
trovneerlàl e pdiiAa dnruiraen onpeoll imd eis eg iuVgis nuop.p li
cod ip erdonsaero msiio n seirsaetn cosruai cdaiTr ormii riGdlei.
esemplamreit tcaohiv e o stpriies doin doic oncezcioomnpel eta
mentdei vedrasq au edlelil l'AntNiocnah piptaàr.t aefnfgaoat lt o
mestideergeal sis asmsaip nrio;p ireidroui ee ccelolmeincttiied i
descmhiai s sivcaunrcoah el 'fefetdtio quceasrstraiir ebbe sicuro
inu np rimsoc ontecr hose,a reibbmep ossaiu bnbi alttega lioon ea
unos quadrroensei satlelr'ei mpeet uaonlsolivati dàti uà n s imile
attacIRc oom.a nsiif a cevbaenfodf eeci a rdrai gueear vreav,a no
ragioEnsess.io nsoo ltaunntoso c heruznoav, o lcthave is ièf atta
la'bitudMian ell.ao rpor imaap parizdieovcneee r tamsepnate
ventaers ec,o mpigtlutitoa4»r•e
1 VohaiCroerr.e snpdaonceI Vc,i tn..�, 9 6(0l doi cbermep).,1 183c;fr à.n chVeo ltaire,
CorresnpdaonceV (ianviIe7 r5 8s-eptermebI 76o)é,d T.h .B esterPmaanr,i s n.r5 0q180o ,
(rgoe nna1i7o5 8p).2, 5 5;5 24( 26 maggri7 o59 ),p .4 95.
2 VoltaCiorrreep,so ndanceI Xc,ti . p,.1 43 9·
� VoltaCiorrer,e sponIdaXnc,ci et .1,1 2n3.p7. 9, 2 0.
� VoltaCiorrrees,po ndanXce ( octo1b7r6e9 -i1u7i7n2 é)d,T. h .B esterPmaanr1,i9 s8 6n,.
1169p2.,2 12V.o ltariirteo srunlòrl g'oamenitnuo n ale ttdeiar pap eqnuaa uor(.! iordnoi
pon:. 1 169p4.,z 1 5( <(Alecnutnuis iinassotinisos t empsrueci a rarmim,e scshoce i s ib at
taa s chiseerre rnaetlepl iea dnieA drianoSptoaall ivl.oa ts rsau perriaogrieog nieu dicare
lei mmaginaczhieso tniilm aotec»f)ar;n. c hne.I I7414I8m aggIiJo7 0p).2, 6 0A.l trrai
pidisascicmeini nndi u el ettdeer2le f ebbread ieolr o m arz1o7 70n.:I 157p3..' '4e
1163p9.,1 66.
XII ANDREGAI ARDINA
Quesutlet ipmree cisaszoinpoorn eiz iose perchdéi consentono
scartarel 'siupbo1 icttheeoVs oil taaivreesa stet ilnast uopa r opo
staaM ontaiegi nnpe a rctoilaarledl iev agadzeilloi nbitr eor dzeo
glEis sariesl ataii«v ceo cchQiu>ic>,o. nl as oleiltgeaa nstceo nnes
siocnhee c aratteirnpi azrztai cios laagrdgeei g ullit iamninO it
tantMao,n taigconmep iuena 'lt«rpaa sseagtgaai tatvrerlseo
ide»e.I lt itporleot estSuucoios coc,(h Diec so chenso)nt, r agigna
inganlnoso t:e sasuoc oprree ccihseiòn omdie i scuaopiint oonli
abbraccisaevmaplnraome a teerc ihase p eslsaqo u alifiscoalvoa no
peqru alcchoec cvoi2s :ip arlap edreilce od leolp laau rdae,l lusso
effimdeerloll,ia b erdaelipi rtiàn cdieplicl,ua pd iigidae,li i miti
delcloan oscuemnaznada e,dl e cldienlocl iev idletlàcl,oa n iqusta
dell'Amneartiucraa;l vmise pina trel a daicn occhhece osc,c rheig a
lis,i mbdoelplio teerd ee lslfoa rmzaoa ,n chcea rdragi u erra come
quelclhiep octoe mppor imgalU in gheraevseiv asnpoe rimentato
cons uccecsosnoti rT ou rchi!.V oFlotraasivere evi anm entqeu e
stpea gidniMe o ntaimganl ees, u feo nits iu,om io deelrlaina ol tri:
esrsii saliivnma ondopo,u ntuaagllaeiu, t oarnit iBcahsiut.ni p ar
ticoe:lq aurando Voalftfaeirrmceah vieRa o mansifi a cevano giu
stamebnetfefd ee cia rdraig uer(r<a<m soeq uaideensct h ars de
guerertei ,la sv aireanits» o)an,v evcae ritnom entielr acconto
plutardcehlebloaa t gtlaiaC hdeir oniec aa:rf rail cnaetmiia crir i
varosnuo lbli'eottfiivaoc camceonmteue n,p roietptriivldoei
slanec isoio ,l draotmia n«iba,te tndloem aneir idencdhoi,e sero
ilb isc,o mes iu snae ll'ippdoudrraonmltoece o rdseeci a va»l�l.i
La stiensssiasa td eiVn ozltasiurciea vadliFl rii suinai,cs oi curo
antidaos tuoao, v viaslol,' adsesciaa lr,tr oai èm piameinltleu stra
tad agaluit oarnit icFhrio:n triincoo irp daald ief iixmip iedgaa ti
t Avazntaac autamednat eAL .or tholLacr«syp .b oislophdeuXs l» ' IlItèIcc'twi< Rume
Lem irangmeee n FranacuXe V IIsIi•è cPalries1. 9 51p,. 3 33n t9.8. P ardtedelo ssier,.,(.
rairisauncioa rfrail cèaa lnia lizdzaa]tC.aa zeVs,o ltianirr!v eduet11ea u1r1(cM k err,c udree
FrancCeX»X XV III1,5 f év.t5- m ars1 920p,p .4 05-qe daG .l -IemerdViongletrea,ti rc
sanc hardei og.te. err,I ì56·1757, I7«6R9e-vIud7e'7 A0r,r il..l1 e9}r4ip,ep .5 87-607;
cfra.nc hRee inapc.h2 ,33 sgg.
2 LeEss sdaei sM onJtl9al,ié gdPt..V1 iel lreéyéV,d. .LS .a ulInliP,ea rr1i,9s 73 8•p. e sp..
994·
1L eEsH adieMs o ntaiIgI6nI,ce ti . p,.9 01.
4 PlutarScuol1,/ 8., i6pl;a rtidceolll'a«reef fet!o diepcpiao rdfrraiol mcèoag »t iiià nS e
nofonAten,I. 8 ,2S0u.ll 'aueggidaemRieo nmaton, a incheV egezEiop,i tIoIm2Ia4, p .
11L6an g:q ua[es cqiuia. dr/iaglcaa•tu atpe ri]m moa gnuitmnu /etreerr orietpmao, sm to dum
/uedersreui Cif.rc .o mmenatc oa p1.2 .