Law, Territory and Conflict Resolution. Law as a Problem and Law as a Solution.

391 Pages·2016·3.243 MB·English

by  Matteo Nicolini, Francesco Palermo, Enrico Milano (eds.)

Law, Territory and Conflict Resolution
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Studies in Territorial and Cultural
Diversity Governance
Edited by
Francesco Palermo
Joseph Marko
Editorial Board
Cheryl Saunders (University of Melbourne)
G. Alan Tarr (Rutgers University, Camden, NJ)
Anna Gamper (University of Innsbruck)
Nico Steytler (University of Western Cape)
Petra Roter (University of Ljubljana)
Joshua Castellino (Middlesex University)
Stefan Oeter (University of Hamburg)
Ilze Brands-Kehris (Director HCNM Office, The Hague)
VOLUME 6
The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/tcdg
Law, Territory and Conflict
Resolution
Law as a Problem and Law as a Solution
Edited by
Matteo Nicolini
Francesco Palermo
Enrico Milano
LEIDEN | BOSTON
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Nicolini, Matteo, editor. | Palermo, Francesco, editor. | Milano,
Enrico, editor.
Title: Law, territory and conflict resolution : law as a problem and law as a
solution / Edited by Matteo Nicolini, Francesco Palermo, Enrico Milano.
Description: Boston : Brill Nijhoff, 2016. | Series: Studies in territorial
and cultural diversity governance ; 6 | Includes bibliographical
references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2016009140 (print) | LCCN 2016009201 (ebook) | ISBN
9789004311282 (hardback : alk. paper) | ISBN 9789004311299 (E-book)
Subjects: LCSH: Arbitration (International law) | Boundary disputes. |
Pacific settlement of international disputes. | Dispute resolution (Law)
Classification: LCC KZ6115 .L39 2016 (print) | LCC KZ6115 (ebook) | DDC
341.4/2--dc23
LC record available at http://lccn.loc.gov/2016009140
Want or need Open Access? Brill Open offers you the choice to make your research freely accessible online
in exchange for a publication charge. Review your various options on brill.com/brill-open.
Typeface for the Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic scripts: “Brill”. See and download: brill.com/brill-typeface.
issn 2213-2570
isbn 978-90-04-31128-2 (hardback)
isbn 978-90-04-31129-9 (e-book)
Copyright 2016 by Koninklijke Brill nv, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Koninklijke Brill nv incorporates the imprints Brill, Brill Hes & De Graaf, Brill Nijhoff, Brill Rodopi and
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Contents
List of Acronyms vii
Notes on Contributors ix
Introduction xvii
Part 1
Territory and Legal Studies: Reframing the Role of Law in
Territorial Conflicts
1 Territory and Conflicts: Is International Law the Problem? 3
Beatrice I. Bonafè
2 Territory and the Law of Ownership: From Misunderstanding to
Opportunity 16
Francesco Palermo
3 Beyond Majoritarian Autonomy? Legislative and Executive
Power-Sharing in European Regions 39
Karl Kössler
4 Studying Territorial Autonomy as a Multiplicity of Ways to
Institutionalise Ethnicity 67
Alexander Osipov
5 In Search of a Fair Balance between the Inviolability of Borders,
Self-determination and Secession in International Law 90
Antonello Tancredi
6 Territorial Entitlement and Exit Scenarios 105
Jure Vidmar
7 Internationalised Territorial Regimes as Solution to Conflicts? 124
Maria Chiara Vitucci
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vi Contents
part 2
Law and the Dynamics of Territorial Conflicts: Problems and
Solutions in Selected Case Studies
8 Transferring Crimea from Russia to Ukraine: Historical and Legal
Analysis of Soviet Legislation 145
Oleksandr Yarmysh and Alina Cherviatsova
9 Constitutions and Territorial Claims: Lessons from the Former Soviet
Space 174
Caterina Filippini
10 Territorial (Se)Cession in Light of Recent Events in Crimea 194
Veronika Bílková
11 Multiple Identities in a Unitary State: Tracing the Origins of the
Ukrainian Crisis Back 219
Simone Stefan
12 Shrinking Autonomy for Tatarstan and Gagauzia: The Perils of
Flexible Institutional Design 244
Federica Prina
13 The Intractable Case of Northern Kosovo in the Light of the 2013
Brussels Agreement 270
Enrico Milano
14 Territorial and Ethnic Divide: A New Legal Geography for Cyprus 285
Matteo Nicolini
15 International Economic Law and Conflict Resolution: The West Bank
between Dominium, Land Ownership and Land Grabbing 316
Federica Cristani
16 Dutch-German Boundary Relations in the Eems-Dollard (Ems-Dollart)
Estuary: An Implicit Condominium? 346
Harry H.G. Post
17 Conclusion: Laws and Conflicts over Territories 362
Giuseppe Nesi
Index 367
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List of Acronyms
acfc (Advisory Committee on the fcnm)
ao (Advisory Opinion)
arc (Autonomous Republic)
assr (Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic)
ASt (Autonomy Statute of South Tyrol)
ba (Brussels Agreement—First Agreement of Principles on Normalization
of Relations)
BiH (Bosnia and Herzegovina [two entities])
cacj (Central American Court of Justice)
cpsu (Communist Party of the Soviet Union)
ec (European Commission)
echr (European Convention on Human Rights)
ecj (European Court of Justice)
ecrml (European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages)
ECtHR (European Court of Human Rights)
eec (European Economic Community)
efta (European Free Trade Association)
etaas (Ethnic Territorial Autonomous Arrangements)
eu (European Union)
fbh (Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina)
fcnm (Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities)
ga (General Assembly)
hcnm (High Commissioner for National Minorities)
hra (Human Rights Act)
hrc (Human Rights Committee)
icc (International Criminal Court)
iccpr (International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights)
icescr (International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights)
icj (International Court of Justice)
ilc (International Law Commission)
kfor (Kosovo Force [nato])
llsg (Law on Local Self-government)
mp (Member of Parliament)
nato (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)
nca (National Cultural Autonomy)
ngo (Non-governmental Organization)
nit (Northern Ireland)
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viii List of Acronyms
olc (Ottoman Land Code)
opt (Occupied Palestinian Territories)
osce (Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe)
pace (Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe)
pcij (Permanent Court of International Justice)
pic (Peace Implementation Council)
plo (Palestinian Liberation Organization)
rcc (Russian Constitutional Court)
rs (Republika Srpska)
rsfsr (Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic)
sc (Security Council)
snp (Scottish National Party)
ssr (Soviet Socialist Republic)
tec (Treaty Establishing the European Community)
teu (Treaty on European Union)
tfeu (Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union)
un (United Nations)
unclos (United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea)
unesco (United National Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization)
unhchr (United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights)
unmik (United Nations Interim Administrative Mission)
untaes (United Nations Transitional Administration in Eastern Slavonia)
untaet (United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor)
ussr (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics)
vclt (Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties)
wto (World Trade Organization)
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Notes on Contributors
Veronika Bílková
is Associate Professor in Public International Law at the Faculty of Law of the
Charles University in Prague and Researcher at the Institute of International
Relations in Prague. Her fields of research include public international law,
human rights, the use of force, international humanitarian law, and foreign
policy issues. She has authored several books in Czech and has published vari-
ous articles in Czech, English and French. Since 2010, she has been the member
of the European Commission for Democracy through Law (Venice Commission)
of the Council of Europe on behalf of the Czech Republic.
Beatrice I. Bonafè
is Associate Professor of International Law at the Political Science Department
of the Sapienza University of Rome. Her fields of research include public inter-
national law, international dispute settlement, international criminal law and
the external relations of the European Union. She is the author of several pub-
lications in Italian, French and English which include two monographs—The
Relationship between State and Individual Responsibility for International
Crimes (Leiden/Boston, Martinus Nijhoff, 2009); La protezione degli interessi di
Stati terzi davanti alla Corte internazionale di giustizia (Napoli, Editoriale sci-
entifica, 2014)—and an edited volume—P. d’Argent, B. Bonafè, J. Combacau
(eds.), Les limites du droit international. Essais en l’honneur de Joe Verhoeven
(Bruxelles, Bruylant, 2014).
Alina Cherviatsova
is Associate Professor of Constitutional Law and International Law, Vice-Dean
of the International Relations Faculty of Law, V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National
University (Kharkiv, Ukraine). Her fields of research include public compara-
tive law, international law and human rights. She is author of around 70 publi-
cations. Among them, the textbooks Європейська конвенція про захист
прав людини і основоположних свобод. Європейський суд з прав людини.
(Х.: хну імені В.Н. Каразіна, 2011.) [European Convention and European Court
of Human Rights. (Kharkiv, V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University Press.
2011)] and Право на життя та заборона катувань у рішеннях Європейського
суду з прав людини: аналіз судової практики за статтею 2 та 3 Європейської
конвенції про захист прав людини і основоположних свобод: (Х.: хну
імені В.Н. Каразіна, 2011). [Right to Life and Prohibition of Tortures in the
Decisions of the European Court of Human Rights (case-law on Article 2 and
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x Notes on Contributors
Article 3 of the European Convention on Human Rights). (V.N.Karazin Kharkiv
National University Press. 2012)], the monograph Запобігання катуванням.
(Київ: Атіка, 2010) [Prevention of Torture (Київ: Атіка, 2010) (with Oleksandr
Yarmysh and Valentin Kovalenko)]
Federica Cristani
is Post-doctoral Fellow and Guest Lecturer in Public International Law at the
Faculty of Law and Political Sciences of the Pázmány Péter Catholic University
of Budapest (hu). Her fields of research include international economic law
and international investment law. She has published a number of articles and
contributions in Italian and English on international investment arbitration.
She has also co-edited (with Prof. Attila Tanzi) Investment Law and Arbitration.
An Introductory Casebook (Padova: cedam, 2013).
Caterina Filippini
is Associate Professor of Comparative Public Law at the Department of
International, Legal and Historico-political Studies of the University of Milan.
Her research focus includes federalism, constitution making and constitu-
tional changes in the former Soviet spaces. She has published extensively on
these topics, and is the author of, among others, the monographs Dall’Impero
russo alla Federazione di Russia. Elementi di continuità e di rottura nell’evoluzione
dei rapporti centro-periferia (Milano: Giuffrè, 2004); Polonia (Bologna: il
Mulino, 2010); and most recently “Evoluzione delle forme di governo nelle
Repubbliche dell’ex Urss”, in C. Filippini (e.) La Comunità di Stati Indipendenti
a più di venti anni dalla dissoluzione dell’Urss (Santarcangelo di Romagna:
Maggioli, 2014), and “Constitutional Development of Ukraine. Amendment
Procedures in Theory and in Practice”, in E. Brogi, et al. (eds.) Ukraine Twenty
Years after Independence (Roma: Aracne, 2015).
Karl Kössler
is Senior Researcher at the Institute for Studies on Federalism and Regionalism
of the European Academy Bolzano/Bozen. After degrees in law as well as in
political science and the minor subjects sociology, history and economics, he
obtained a PhD in comparative public law and political science. Dr. Mag.
Kössler’s main fields of interest and expertise are comparative federalism and
regionalism (particularly in the context of multinational states), territorial and
non-territorial autonomy, federalism and autonomy in Asia (India, Nepal,
Tibet), immigration and integration in multilevel systems as well as human
rights and political participation in multilevel systems. He is a member of the
Euro-Regional Association for Comparative Public Law and European Union
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