Table Of ContentLAW AND ETHICS
for Pharmacy Technicians
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LAW AND ETHICS
for Pharmacy Technicians
Jahangir Moini, MD, MPH, CPhT
Professor and Former Director
Allied Health Sciences
Pharmacy Technician Program
Everest University
Melbourne, Florida
Australia • Brazil • Japan • Korea • Mexico • Singapore • Spain • United Kingdom • United States
Law and Ethics for Pharmacy Technicians © 2010Delmar, Cengage Learning
Jahangir Moini, MD, MPH, CPhT
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Printed in the United States of America
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Dedication
This book is dedicated to
My wife Hengameh, and daughters
Mahkameh and Morvarid.
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Contents
Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxiii
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxv
About the Author . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xxvii
Section I The Foundation of Law and Ethics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
Chapter 1: Introduction to Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Setting the Scene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
Role of Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
Sources of Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
Constitutional Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Statutory or Legislative Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Administrative Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Common or Case Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Divisions of Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Criminal Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Civil Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Contract Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Th e U.S. Court System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
Th e Diff erences between Federal Law and State Law . . . . . . . . . . .11
Statute of Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
Negligence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
Malpractice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Contents vii
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Setting the Scene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Case Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Related Internet Sites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
Chapter 2: Ethics in the Pharmacy Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Setting the Scene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Ethics, Morals, and Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
Th e Relationship between Ethics and the Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
Professional Ethics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
Code of Ethics for Pharmacists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
Th e Patient-Pharmacist Relationship . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Patient Advocacy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Respect for Patient Autonomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Professional Competence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Respect for Other Colleagues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Serving the Community . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Equitable Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Code of Ethics for Pharmacy Technicians . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
Maintain Health and Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Honesty and Integrity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Assist and Support the Pharmacist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
viii Contents
Respect for Other Health-Care Professionals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Professional Competence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Respect for Patient Autonomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Maintaining Confi dentiality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Observing Quality and Legal Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Maintenance of Professional Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Loyalty to the Employer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Making Ethical Decisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
Identifying the Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Gathering Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Analyzing the Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Forming an Action Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Evaluating the Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Ethical Issues in the Pharmaceutical Industry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
Setting the Scene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
Case Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
Related Internet Sites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
Section II Federal Laws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39
Chapter 3: Federal Regulation of Drug Products . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Setting the Scene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
Contents ix
