Latin 101

12 Pages·2009·0.17 MB·English

Latin 101:
prid. VII kal. Sept. (8-26-2009)
Agenda:
Quiz Practice
Quiz
Review of cases and first declension paradigm
Nominative, Accusative, types of sentences
Class exercise on sentence formation
Genitive introduction

Practice:
servās
datis
laudāmus
terret
videte
amō
paradigm:
errō
terreō
dictionary form:
to wander, to make a mistake:
erro, errare, erravi, erratum
Noun: Person, place, thing or idea (ex. girl, country, money,
fame)
Adjective: Word describing a noun (ex. big, old)
Declension: Noun/adjective term for “spelling group”
Case: way of changing the ending of a word to show its use in
the sentence (ex. as a subject, direct object, to show
possession, etc.)

Latin Cases
nominative: subjects or words describing subjects
accusative: direct objects and objects of some prepositions
genitive: showing possession
dative: indirect objects and objects of some verbs
ablatives: objects of some prepositions and other special uses

first declension endings
case singular plural
nom. -a -ae
gen. -ae -ārum
dat. -ae -īs
acc. -am -ās
abl. -ā -īs

rosa, -ae f
case singular plural
nom. ros-a ros-ae
gen. ros-ae ros-ārum
dat. ros-ae ros-īs
acc. ros-am ros-ās
abl. ros-ā ros-īs

Transitive Verb: Verb that conveys action (ex. sees, saves,
praises, loves, frightens, calls, warns)
Subject: Person, place, thing, idea DOING THE ACTION
Direct Object: Person etc. BEING ACTED ON

The girl sees the rose. puella rosam videt.
The poet praises his country. poeta patriam laudat.
The sailor advises the girl. nauta puellam monet.

Intransitive Verb: Verb that does not convey action to a direct
object (ex. is, wanders) est
Subject: Person, place, thing, idea DOING THE ACTION
Predicate Nominative: A word that describes the subject
of a sentence, after the verb.
the girl is big. puella est magna.
the gate is old. porta est antiqua.
the gates are old. portae sunt antiquae.
portae antiquae sunt.

We love the girl. puellam amamus.
The sailors love the girl. nautae puellam amant
The girls love the sailors. puellae nautas amant
The girls love roses.
The girl loves roses.
Sailors love roses.
poets love sailors.
sailors do not love poets.
The poet does not love the girl.
the poet does not praise fame.
Word Order
Latin word order is not as consistent as English:

Transitive sentences S/DO/V
puella rosās amat. (S-DO-V)
rosās puella amat. (DO-S-V)
rosās amat puella. (DO-V-S)
amat puella rosās. (V-S-DO)
puella amat rosās. (S-V-DO)

Intransitive sentences:
est puella. It is a girl. She is a girl.
puella est magna. The girl is big.
puella magna est. The girl is big.

Give the accusative singular of the following words:
pecūnia
poēta
rosa
sententia
porta
vīta
puella
fortūna
fāma
īra
nauta
Nominative: Subjects and words describing subjects.

puella cogitat.
puellae cogitant.
nauta vocat.
nautae vocant.
poeta amat.
poetae amant.
puella valet.
puellae valent.
mea vita errat.
poena magna terret.
poenae magnae terrent.

Accusative: Direct objects or words describing direct
objects. (Also objects of some prepositions which we
will deal with later)

portam videō.
portam magnam videō.
portas videō.
portas magnas videō.
rosas damus
rosam damus.
poetam laudatis.
poetas laudatis.
puellam amas.
puellas amas.
famam tuam servas.
famam meam servo.

Both:

puella poetam laudat.
poeta puellam amat.
puellam poeta amat.
nauta puellam servat.
nautae poetas terrent.
nautas poetae terrent.
fama nautam terret.
pecuniam nauta debet.
debet nauta pecuniam.
pecuniam nauta conservat.
patriam nauta amat.
poeta patriam laudat.
patriam laudat.
poetam laudo.
poetam laudas.
poetam laudat.
famam poeta amat et laudat.

Translate the following sentences that contain a direct
object (and a subject incorporated into the verb):

poētās videt.
poētam videō.
puellās amant.
puellam amat.
puellam salvētis.
pecūniam dant.
portās vident.
pecūniam dant.
nautās monēmus.
pecūniam cōnservāmus.
nautās vocat.
nautās terret.
nautam moneō.

Translate into Latin:
I see the girls.
They are calling the girl.
I love the poets.
We are praising the poets.
I am not praising the poets.
You (s) do not advise the girls.
They terrify the girl.

Give the dative of the following words:
fōrma
īra
fortūna
philosophia
patria
rosa
puella
Give the ablative of the following words:
sententia
patria
porta
philosophia
fāma
fortūna
vītā

Give the genitive of the following words:
pecūnia
poena
fortūna
puella
poēta
nauta

Make the following adjectives agree with the noun and
translate:
puella __________________ (magna)
________________________________
portae __________________ (antiqua)
______________________________
rosārum _________________ (mea)
______________________________
pecūniam _________________ (multa)
______________________________
sententiae _________________
antiqua)______________________________
sententiās _________________ (antiqua)
______________________________
portīs _________________ (magna)
______________________________
portās _________________ (magna)
______________________________
portae _________________ (magna)
______________________________
rosās _________________ (multa)
______________________________

Translate the following phrases that include a genitive
word:

rosae puellārum
pecūnia magistrae
fortūnam patriae
philosophia puellārum
poena vitae
patriam puellae
porta fortūnae
fāma nautārum
fortūnās poetārum
īra puellārum
īram nautārum
fōrma nautae
fōrmās puellārum
fāma antiqua poetae
fāma poētae antiquae
poena magna nautārum
poena multārum nautārum

Translate the following into Latin, using the genitive to
show possession (use nominatives or the other
word(s)):
the girls’ fortune
the girl’s fortune
the poet’s fame
the poets’ fame
the fame of many poets
the lives of the girls
the country of the poets
the money of the girls
the money of the girl
the roses of the poets

Translate the following phrases that contain a
prepositional phrase:
sine puellīs
in portīs
sine magnā puellā
sine rosīs
sine sententiīs antiquīs
sine īrā

Translate the following into Latin: