Table Of ContentSpringer Series in
OPTICAL SCIENCES 129
founded by H.K. V. Lotsch
Editor-in-Chief: W. T. Rhodes, Atlanta
Editorial Board: A. Adibi, Atlanta
T. Asakura, Sapporo
T. W. Hansch, Garching
T. Kamiya, Tokyo
F. Krausz, Garching
B. Monemar, Linkoping
H. Venghaus, Berlin
H. Weber, Berlin
H. Weinfurter, Miinchen
Springer Series in
OPTICAL SCIENCES
The Springer Series in Optical Sciences, under the leadership of Editor-in-Chief William T. Rhodes, Georgia
Institute of Technology, USA, provides an expanding selection of research monographs in all major areas of
optics: lasers and quantum optics, ultrafast phenomena, optical spectroscopy techniques, optoelectronics,
quantum information, information optics, applied laser technology, industrial applications, and other topics of
contemporary interest.
With this broad coverage of topics, the series is of use to all research scientists and engineers who need up-to-
date reference books.
The editors encourage prospective authors to correspond with them in advance of submitting a manuscript.
Submission of manuscripts should be made to the Editor-in-Chief or one of the Editors. See also
www.springer.com/series/624
Editor-in-Chief Ferenc Krausz
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen
William T. Rhodes
Lehrstuhl fiir Experimentelle Physik
Georgia Institute of Technology
Am Coulombwall T
School of Electrical and Computer Engineering
85748 Garching, Germany
Atlanta, GA 30332-0250, USA
and
E-mail:bill [email protected]
Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik
Hans-Kopfermann-StraBe I
Editorial Board
85748 Garching, Germany
All Adibi E-mail: [email protected]
School of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Bo Monemar
Van Leer Electrical Engineering Building
Georgia Institute of Technology Department of Physics and Measurement
777 Atlantic Drive NW Technology
Atlanta, GA 30332-0250 Materials Science Division
Email;[email protected] Linkoping University
58183 Linkoping, Sweden
E-mail:[email protected]
Toshimitsu Asakura
Hokkai-Gakuen University
Herbert Venghaus
Faculty of Engineering
1-1, Minami-26, Nishi 11, Chuo-ku Heinrich-Hertz-lnstitut
Sapporo, Hokkaido 064-0926, Japan filr Nachrichtentechnik Berlin GmbH
E-mail:[email protected] Einsteinufer 37
10587 Berlin, Germany
E-mail: [email protected]
Theodor W. Hansch
Max-Planck-Institut fur Quantenoptik
Horst Weber
Hans-Kopfermann-Strasse I
85748 Garching, Germany Technische Universitat Berlin
E-mail: [email protected] Optisches Institut
Strapedes 17. Juni 135
10623 Berlin, Germany
Takeshi Kamiya
E-mail: [email protected]
Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports
Science and Technology
Harald Weinfurter
National Institution for Academic Degrees
3-29-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen
Tokyo 112-0012, Japan Sektion Physik
E-mail: [email protected] Schellingstrape 4/III
80799 Munchen, Germany
E-mail :[email protected]
muenchen.de
Laser Ablation and its Applications
edited by
Claude Phipps
Photonic Associates, LLC
Sante Fe, New Mexico
^ Sprrii nser
Claude Phipps
Photonics Associates, LLC
200A Ojo de la Vaca Road
Santa Fe, New Mexico 87508
Laser Ablation and its Applications
Library of Congress Control Number: 2006929445
ISBN 0-387-30452-5 e-ISBN 0-387-30453-3
ISBN 978-0387-30452-6
Printed on acid-free paper.
© 2007 Springer Science+Business Media LLC
All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without
the written permission of the publisher (Springer Science-l-Business Media, LLC, 233 Spring
Street, New York, NY 10013, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or
scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval,
electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now
know or hereafter developed is forbidden.
The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks and similar terms,
even if the are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to
whether or not they are subject to proprietary rights.
Printed in the United States of America.
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 21
springer.com
DEDICATION
This book is dedicated to Prof. Dr. Boris Luk'yanchuk. Boris is an
eminent theorist in the field of laser interaction with materials, and his work
has dealt with every aspect of laser desorption and ablation of materials. His
work is well known in the fields of quantum electrodynamics, quantum
electronics and laser physics. The breadth, depth and quality of his work are
unique in the laser ablation field. He has been a visiting Professor at the
Johannes Kepler University, Austria, the University of Lecce, Italy, the
Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden and the Tokyo Institute of
Technology, Japan. Currently, he works at the Data Storage Institute of the
National University of Singapore.
Boris is a great scientist and gentleman as well as a longtime friend,
whose encouragement was mainly responsible for my taking on the effort of
organizing and editing this book.
Claude Phipps, Photonic Associates, LLC, April 30, 2006
I
Prof. Dr. B. Luk'yanchuk
PREFACE
This book arose from the SPIE series of High Power Laser Ablation
Symposia which began in 1998. It is intended for a graduate course in laser
interactions with plasmas and materials, but it should be accessible to anyone
with a graduate degree in physics or engineering. It is also intended as a major
reference work to familiarize scientists just entering the field with laser
ablation and its applications.
Selecting topics which are representative of such a broad field is difficult.
In this volume, we have tried to emphasize the wide range of these topics
rather than - as is so often the case in advanced science - focusing on one
specialty or discipline.
We have, somewhat arbitrarily, divided the book into four sections. The
first emphasizes theory and modeling. Subsequent chapters cover ultrafast
interactions, material processing and laser-matter interaction in novel regimes.
The latter range from MALDI to ICF, SNOM's and femtosecond nanosurgery
to laser space propulsion.
These sections are obviously not mutually exclusive. For example, ICF is a
subset of laser ablation science at terrific intensity and energy, where laser
ablation pressure can actually compress solid matter to a thousand times
normal density. S. Nakai and K. Mima, representing the very successful
Japanese ICF program, have graciously agreed to sximmarize ICF in chapter
14. Although this chapter appears in the "novel regimes" chapter, ICF is also
based upon some of the most complex theory and modeling in the past 40
years. This theoretical effort began with Ray Kidder in the U.S., who
predicted breakeven would require 1.6MJ in 1965, and Nakai nd Mima in
Japan. Showing the importance of sound theory, Kidder's prediction was
within a factor of two of the requirements for the National Ignition Facility
(NIF) today. On the other extreme of laser intensity, but at the same
microscopic scale, B. Chichkov summarizes the amazing results in
microfabrication in chapter 6. Clearly, this work is part of "material
processing" as well as "ultrafast interactions," but we have put it in the
ultrafast section because fs-duration pulses are a unique aspect of the work.
As you will see, this chapter also includes reviews of ultrafast measurements
of the properties of shocked materials, time- and space-resolved spectroscopy
and physical chemistry. Similarly, A. Vertes' chapter on MALDI, DIOS, and
nanosctmctures has aspects in coirmion with material processing and with B.
Chichkov's chapter. B. Luk'yanchuk's chapter on laser cleaning of
nanoparticles has something in common with the chapter by Bounos, et al.
regarding art restoration, etc.
via Preface
We sincerely hope you enjoy this book, and that you adopt it as the
valuable reference work we believe it is. We intend it to be your toolbox of
references to this diverse and exciting field.
Finally, I would like to dedicate this book to Prof. Boris Luk'yanchuk,
whose idea it was. He helped immeasurably during the process of its creation.
Claude Phipps
Santa Fe, NM
April 30, 2006
CONTRIBUTORS
C.N. Afonso
Laser Processing Group
Instituto de Optica, CSIC
28006 Madrid
Spain
Salvatore Amoruso
Coherentia CNR-INFM and Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche
Universita di Napoli Federico II
Via Cintia 1-80126 Napoli
Italy
S.I. Anisimov
L.D. Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics
Russian Academy of Sciences
119334 Moscow
Russia
Craig B. Arnold
Dept. of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
Princeton University
Princeton, NJ 08544
USA
LA. Artioukov
P. N. Lebedev Physcial Institute
117942 Moscow
Russia
M. Bittner
Institute of Physics
Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic
182 21 Prague 8
Czech Republic
W.L. Bohn
DLR German Aerospace Center
Institute of Technical Physics
Pfaffenwaldring 38-40
70569 Stuttgart
Germany
Contributors
Giannis Bounos
Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser
Foundation for Research and Technology -- Hellas
71110 Heraklion Crete
Greece
Nadezhda M. Bulgakova
Institute of Thermophysics SB RAS
630090 Novosibirsk
Russia
Eleanor E.B. Campbell
Department of Physics
Goteborg University
SE-41296Goteborg
Sweden
Boris N. Chichkov
Laser Zentrum Hannover e.V.
30419 Hannover
Germany
Anant Chimmalgi
Integrated Research Institute
Tokyo Institute of Technology
Ookayama Meguro-ku
Tokyo,Japan
T.C. Chong
Data Storage Institute
Singapore 117608
Republic of Singapore
H.-A. Eckel
DLR German Aerospace Center
Institute of Technical Physics
70569 Stuttgart
Germany
Costas Fotakis
Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser
Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas
71110 Heraklion Crete
Greece
Contributors xi
David J. Funk
Dynamic and Energetic Materials, MS Pg918
Los Alamos National Laboratory
Los Alamos, NM 87545
USA
Savas Georgiou
Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser
Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas
71110 Heraklion Crete
Greece
J. Gonzalo
Laser Processing Group
Instituto de Optica, CSIC
28006 Madrid
Spain
J. Graf
Universitat Konstanz
Fachbereich Physik 78457 Konstanz
Germany
Costas P. Grigoropoulos
Dept. of Mechanical Engineering
University of California, Berkeley
Berkeley, CA 94720-1740
USA
M.E. Grisham
NSF ERC for Extreme Ultraviolet Science & Technology
Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Colorado State University
Fort Collins, CO 80523
USA
Vitali E. Gruzdev
S.I. Vavilov State Optical Institute
St. Petersburg, 199034
Russia
IngolfV.Hertel
Max-Born-Institut fiir Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspekroskopie
D-12489 Berlin
Germany
