LANGE Pharmacology Flashcards

322 Pages·2017·4.17 MB·English

by  Suzanne Baron

®
Lange Pharmacology
Flashcards
Fourth Edition
Series Editors
Suzanne J. Baron, MD, MSc
St. Luke’s Mid America Heart Institute
Kansas City, Missouri
Christoph I. Lee, MD, MS
University of Washington School of Medicine
Seattle, Washington
Student Editors
Tsion M. Aberra
Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
Erik A. Levinsohn
Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
New York / Chicago / San Francisco / Athens / London / Madrid
Mexico City / Milan / New Delhi / Singapore / Sydney / Toronto
Notice
Medicine is an ever-changing science. As new research and
clinical experience broaden our knowledge, changes in treatment
and drug therapy are required. The authors and the publisher of
this work have checked with sources believed to be reliable in
their efforts to provide information that is complete and generally
in accord with the standards accepted at the time of publication.
However, in view of the possibility of human error or changes in
medical sciences, neither the authors nor the publisher nor any
other party who has been involved in the preparation or
publication of this work warrants that the information contained
herein is in every respect accurate or complete, and they disclaim
all responsibility for any errors or omissions or for the results
obtained from use of the information contained in this work.
Readers are encouraged to confirm the information contained
herein with other sources. For example and in particular, readers
are advised to check the product information sheet included in the
package of each drug they plan to administer to be certain that the
information contained in this work is accurate and that changes
have not been made in the recommended dose or in the
contraindications for administration. This recommendation is of
particular importance in connection with new or infrequently
used drugs.
Lange® Pharmacology Flashcards, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2018, 2013, 2009, 2005 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Printed in China.
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ISBN 978-1-259-83724-1
MHID 1-259-83724-6
ISSN 1555-9882
e-ISBN 978-1-259-83725-8
e-MHID 1-259-83725-4
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Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments
About the Authors
Abbreviations
1 Anti-Bacterial Agents
2 Adrenergic Agents
3 Cholinergic Agents
4 Central Nervous System Agents
5 Cardiovascular Agents
6 Hematologic Agents
7 Endocrine and Metabolic Agents
8 Gastrointestinal Agents
9 Anti-Neoplastic Agents
10 Anti-Inflammatory Agents
11 General Pharmacology Principles and Miscellaneous Agents
Bibliography
Index
Preface
When we began to review the pharmacology material covered in the USMLE
Step 1 at the end of our second year at Yale Medical School, we had trouble
finding one review source that covered this subject at just the appropriate level.
Although we had taken introductory pharmacology during medical school, we
found ourselves covering new material as well as reviewing old material from a
different angle. Flipping through the highly rated pharmacology review sources,
we realized that there was no gold standard review source for this high-yield
topic that makes up nearly 20% of USMLE Step 1 questions.
Lange Pharmacology Flashcards are the result of our struggles in studying
these topics for Step 1 with the particular slant that the boards demand. These
cards offer the most complete, concise, and high-yield information for the major
drugs tested on Step 1 and in medical school basic science courses. With this
fourth edition, we are confident that the content covered in these cards includes
the most current and board relevant information that cannot be found in any
other single clinical pharmacology review text. To ensure that these cards are
high yield, we commissioned two current Yale Medical School student editors to
help write this revised edition.
We are pleased to present this information in a format modeled after Lange
Flashcards: Pathology, our first publication in this series. Each card provides a
structured presentation of a specific drug or drug class, and allows students to
easily compare and contrast drugs. The introductory cards in each chapter
describe the basic principles of that particular drug class that are board relevant
and high yield. Each drug-specific card contains a clinical vignette on one side
and important characteristics on the reverse side. These characteristics are
organized into sections entitled mechanism of action, clinical uses, and side
effects. Unlike other review cards on the market, only the information you need
to know for the boards are on these cards. If certain drug-drug interactions or
routes of administration are high yield, this information is included. Moreover,
the most salient features of each drug are highlighted in bold for ease of rapid
review.
We would suggest using these cards as an adjunct to your pharmacology
course in medical school. Being familiar with these cards early on will be very
helpful during your Step 1 review. We also encourage you to jot down your own
notes in the margins and to make these cards your personal pharmacology
review for the boards.
We are confident that the fourth edition of Lange Pharmacology Flashcards
will be one of the most powerful tools to help prepare you for the boards and
will serve as a resource that will bridge your basic science knowledge with the
clinical aspects of disease. We wish you the best of luck on Step 1, and welcome
your comments on how to improve this study tool in the next edition.
Suzanne J. Baron
[email protected]
Christoph I. Lee
[email protected]
Acknowledgments
We would like to thank the many editors at McGraw-Hill for all of their support
and hard work on this project as well as their constant encouragement of the
Lange Flashcards series. A special thanks to Erik Levinsohn and Tsion Aberra
for serving as student editors for this revised edition. We also acknowledge the
many basic and clinical science teaching faculty of the Yale University School of
Medicine who provided much of the foundation for the relevant content in these
cards.
To our family and friends, we thank you for your continuing support and
love that have made this process even more meaningful. Special thanks to John
and Jay Lee, Fran and Joe Baron, Paul B. Brennan III, Monique Mogensen,
Bettina Lee, and Elena Lee.
About the Authors
Suzanne J. Baron, MD, MSc, earned an AB magna cum laude in psychology
and biology from Harvard University, her MD from Yale University School of
Medicine, and her MSc from Harvard School of Public Health. She completed
her internal medicine residency, cardiology fellowship, and interventional
cardiology fellowship at Massachusetts General Hospital. She is currently
practicing at St. Luke’s Mid America Heart Institute in Kansas City, Missouri, as
an interventional cardiologist with an interest in structural heart disease. Dr.
Baron is also involved in outcomes research aimed at evaluating the effects of
new cardiac devices on quality of life and health economics. Her research has
been published in several peer-reviewed journals, including JAMA and JACC.
Christoph I. Lee, MD, MS, earned an AB cum laude in English from Princeton
University, an MD cum laude from Yale University, and an MS in health policy
and management research from UCLA. He completed his diagnostic radiology
residency at Stanford University, a breast imaging fellowship at UCLA, and a
national health policy fellowship as a Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Clinical
Scholar. He is currently an associate professor of radiology and health services at
the University of Washington. Dr. Lee is the author of five medical books
spanning the basic sciences, evidence-based practice, and medical imaging. He
has obtained extramural research funding from the National Institutes of Health,
American Cancer Society, and Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality for
imaging-related outcomes research, and has published more than 60 peer-
reviewed journal articles.
Abbreviations
5-ASA: 5-Aminosalicylic acid
5-FU: 5-Fluorouracil
6-MP: 6-Mercaptopurine
AC: adenylyl cyclase
ACE: angiotensin-converting enzyme
ACh: acetylcholine
ACLS: advanced cardiac life support
ADH: anti-diuretic hormone
ALL: acute lymphoblastic leukemia
AML: acute myelogenous leukemia
AP: action potential
ARB: angiotensin receptor blocker
AV: atrioventricular
BAL: British Antilewisite (dimercaprol)
BNP: B-type natriuretic peptide
BUN: blood urea nitrogen
Ca2+: calcium ion
cAMP: cyclic AMP
CHF: congestive heart failure
Cl−: chloride ion
CML: chronic myelogenous leukemia
CMV: cytomegalovirus
CNS: central nervous system
CO: cardiac output
COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
COX: cyclooxygenase