Landscape Ecology in Agroecosystems Management (Advances in Agroecology)

379 Pages·2001·6.81 MB·English

by  Lech Ryszkowski

LANDSCAPE
ECOLOGY in
AGROECOSYSTEMS
MANAGEMENT
Advances in Agroecology
Series Editor: Clive A. Edwards
Soil Ecology in Sustainable Agricultural Systems,
Lijbert Brussaard and Ronald Ferrera-Cerrato
Biodiversity in Agroecosystems,
Wanda Williams Collins and Calvin O. Qualset
Agroforestry in Sustainable Agricultural Systems,
Louise E. Buck, James P. Lassoie, and Erick C.M. Fernandes
Agroecosystem Sustainability: Developing Practical Strategies,
Stephen R. Gliessman
Interactions Between Agroecosystems and Rural Communities
Cornelia Flora
Structure and Function in Agroecosystem Design and Management
Masae Shiyomi and Hiroshi Koizumi
Advisory Board
Editor-in-Chief
Clive A. Edwards
The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
Editorial Board
Miguel Altieri
University of California, Berkeley, CA
Lijbert Brussaard
Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
David Coleman
University of Georgia, Athens, GA
D.A. Crossley, Jr.
University of Georgia, Athens, GA
Adel El-Titi
Stuttgart, Germany
Charles A. Francis
University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE
Stephen R. Gliessman
University of California, Santa Cruz
Thurman Grove
North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
Maurizio Paoletti
University of Padova, Padova, Italy
David Pimentel
Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
Masae Shiyomi
Ibaraki University, Mito, Japan
Sir Colin R.W. Spedding
Berkshire, England
Moham K. Wali
The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
LANDSCAPE
ECOLOGY in
AGROECOSYSTEMS
MANAGEMENT
Lech Ryszkowski
Edited by
CRC PR ESS
Boca Raton London New York Washington, D.C.
0919 fm frame Page 4 Friday, November 30, 2001 7:34 AM
Cover Art
Top: Example of damage resulting from erosion and pollution in a beet field in Erlon, northern Parisian
basin. (From F. Tellier, June 1999.)
Bottom: Shaded composition of General Chlapowski’s Agro-ecological Park (Greater Poland), Satellite
Image SPOT HRV-17, June 1997.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Landscape ecology in agroecosystems management / edited by Lech Ryszkowski.
p. cm. -- (Advances in agroecology)
Includes bibliographical references (p. ).
ISBN 0-8493-0919-0 (alk. paper)
1. Landscape ecology. 2. Agricultural ecology. 3. Ecosystem management. I.
Ryszkowski, Lech. II. Series.
QH541.15.L35 L347 2001
577.5′5--dc21 2001052416
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Printed on acid-free paper
0919 fm frame Page 5 Tuesday, November 20, 2001 6:33 PM
The Editor
Lech Ryszkowski, Ph.D., is Professor of Natural Sciences and Director of the
Research Centre for Agricultural and Forest Environment of the Polish Academy of
Sciences in Poznan´, Poland. He graduated from the Faculty of Biology and Earth
Sciences in 1955 and completed his Ph.D. on coypu population structure in 1963.
In 1971, he received his Doctor of Sciences from Warsaw University for his studies
on the role of small mammal communities in energy flows of temperate forest
ecosystems. For 2 years, he was the student of Eugene Odum at the University of
Georgia in Athens. Dr. Ryszkowski became an Associate Professor in 1971 and a
Full Professor nominated by the State Council in 1985.
Dr. Ryszkowski’s major interests are the functional role of animals in agroeco-
system energy flow and matter cycling, and energy flow and matter cycling at the
level of agricultural landscape with emphasis on the role of ecotones (e.g., mid-field
shelterbelts or stretches of meadows) in control of elements cycling in rural areas.
His main scientific achievements focus on guidelines for the protection of rural
environment and for the biological conservation and management of agricultural
landscapes. Particular emphasis is placed on the possibilities of control over nonpoint
pollution sources by the formation of biogeochemical barriers such as woodlots
shelterbelts, grasslands, and water bodies differentiating agricultural landscape.
Dr. Ryszkowski is the head of the International Group for Agroecosystems and
a member of many ecological organizations. He was a member of the Board of
INTECOL (1992 to 1998) and has organized many international symposia. As a
member of the Countryside, Wildlife and Landscape Working Group of the Council
of Europe in Strasbourg, Dr. Ryszkowski presented two reports on landscape and
biological diversity in the Central and Eastern European countries and was the Polish
organizer of the symposium on landscape diversity in rural areas for the Council of
Europe.
Dr. Ryszkowski has published 354 papers in Polish and international journals.
He is the editor or co-editor of 18 books.
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Contributors
Ewa Arczynska-Chudy Marc Galochet
Research Centre for Agricultural Center of Biogeography-Ecology
and Forest Environment (UMR 8505-CNRS/ENS)
Poznan´,Poland Saint-Cloud, France
and
Stanislaw Balazy University of Paris IV — Sorbonne
Research Centre for Agricultural Paris, France
and Forest Environment
Poznan´,Poland
Bärbel Gerowitt
Georg-August-Universität
Gary W. Barrett
Landwirtschaft und Umwelt
Institute of Ecology
Göttingen, Germany
University of Georgia
Athens, Georgia, U.S.A.
Vincent Godard
Alina Bartoszewicz Center of Biogeography-Ecology
Department of Soil Science (UMR 8505-CNRS/ENS)
Agricultural University Saint-Cloud, France
Poznan´,Poland and
University of Paris VIII — Saint-Denis
Jacques Baudry Saint-Denis, France
INRA
Rennes, France Hanna Goldyn
Research Centre for Agricultural
Françoise Burel
and Forest Environment
Laboratoire d’Evolution des Systemes
Poznan´,Poland
Naturels et Modifiés
Université de Rennes I
Micheline Hotyat
Campus de Beaulieu
Center of Biogeography-Ecology
Rennes, France
(UMR 8505-CNRS/ENS)
Saint-Cloud, France
Susan R. Crow
and
Carl Vinson Institute of Government
University of Paris IV — Sorbonne
and
Paris, France
College of Agricultural
and Environmental Sciences
Janusz Jankowiak
University of Georgia
Research Centre for Agricultural
Tifton, Georgia, U.S.A.
and Forest Environment
Frank Eulenstein Poznan´,Poland
Institute of Land Use Systems
and Landscape Ecology Wonter Joenje
Center for Agricultural Landscape Department of Plant Science
and Land Use Research Agricultural University Wageningen
Müncheberg, Germany Wageningen, the Netherlands
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Jerzy Karg Jon Marshall
Research Centre for Agricultural Marshall Agroecology
and Forest Environment Barton, Winscombe
Poznan´,Poland Somerset, U.K.
Andrzej Mizgajski
Andrzej Ke˛dziora
Department of Agrometeorology Educational Center for Environment
Agricultural University Protection and Sustainable
im A. Cieszkowskiego Development
Poznan´,Poland A. Mickiewicz University
and Poznan´,Poland
Research Centre for Agricultural
and Forest Environment Camilla Moonen
Poznan´,Poland Scuola Superiore Santa Anna
Pisa, Italy
David Kleijn
Janusz Olejnik
Department of Environmental Sciences
Department of Agrometeorology
Nature Conservation and Plant Ecology
Agricultural University
Group
im A. Cieszkowskiego
Wageningen University
Poznan´,Poland
Bornsesteeg, Wageningen
and
The Netherlands
Department of Land Use Systems
and Landscape Ecology
Krzysztof Kujawa
Center for Agricultural Landscape
Research Centre for Agricultural
and Land Use Research (ZALF)
and Forest Environment
Müncheberg, Germany
Poznan´,Poland
Maurizio Paoletti
Didier Le Coeur Dipatimento di Biologia
Laboratoire d’Ecologie et Sciences Università Degli Studi di Padova
Phytosanitaires Padova, Italy
Ecole Nationale Superieure
Agronomique de Rennes Lech Ryszkowski
Rennes, France Research Centre for Agricultural
and Forest Environment
Richard Lowrance Poznan´,Poland
Southeast Watershed Research
Laboratory Laura E. Skelton
Agricultural Research Service Institute of Ecology
United States Department of Agriculture University of Georgia
Tifton, Georgia, U.S.A. Athens, Georgia, U.S.A.
0919 fm frame Page 9 Tuesday, November 20, 2001 6:33 PM
Lech Szajdak Stanislas Wicherek
Research Centre for Agricultural Center of Biogeography-Ecology
and Forest Environment (UMR 8505 CNRS/ENS)
Poznan´,Poland Saint-Cloud, France
and
Barbara Szpakowska Member, Board of Directors
Research Centre for Agricultural and Vice-Chairman
and Forest Environment European Institute of Sustainable
Poznan´,Poland Development
http://www.iedd.org-www.iedd.net
George Thomas
Department of Agriculture Peter Zander
and Food Studies Department of Socioeconomics and
Seale-Hayne Faculty Department of Land Use Systems
University of Plymouth and Landscape Ecology
Newton Abbot, Devon, U.K. Center for Agricultural Landscape
and Land Use Research (ZALF)
Armin Werner Müncheberg, Germany
Department of Land Use Systems
and Landscape Ecology Irena Zyczynska-Baloniak
Center for Agricultural Landscape Research Centre for Agricultural
and Land Use Research (ZALF) and Forest Environment
Müncheberg, Germany Poznan´,Poland