Lamps of the Roman Period: First to Seventh Century after Christ (Athenian Agora vol. 7)

307 Pages·1961·77.32 MB·English

by  Judith Perlzweig

THE ATHENIANAG ORA
RESULTS OF EXCAVATIONS
CONDUCTED BY
THE AMERICAN SCHOOL OF CLASSICAL STUDIES AT ATHENS
VOLUME VII
LAMPS
OF THE ROMAN PERIOD
FIRST TO SEVENTH CENTURY AFTER CHRIST
BY
JUDITH PERLZWEIG
DA
04~ k~~L
.TOCCCLIA 0
AMERICAN SCHOOL OF CLASSICAL STUDIES AT ATHENS
PRINCETON, NEW JERSEY
1961
' :.??:~~ ~ ?'?' '?~.
... ?;
? ., ,' ,;??:
ili"
,.,
(cid:127)i ? '?' ;'i' (cid:127)'
?
? ?, .../,pl:(cid:127).:(cid:127)?-
.~
~;"-?*-?-
i~;'.?
... ?;.1 :(cid:127) ." ?t'~ . . . ..; (cid:127), , (cid:127) -, ? .. ?. . ?.(cid:127) ? ? ? ?'?' : ? ??? :(cid:127) :! ??? ?(cid:127) :? ; (cid:127) ' ?i
Leda and the Swan. Attic, first half of 3rd Century.
PUBLISHED WITH THE AID OF A GRANT FROM MR. JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER, JR.
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
PRINTED IN GERMANY at J.J. AUGUSTIN GLOCKSTADT
PREFACE
study of Athenian lamps of Imperial times could not have been undertaken without
The
access to other large collections closely associated with that of the Agora. For opportunity
to examine the lamps in the National Museum, Athens, I am indebted to Dr. and Mrs. Christos
Karouzos. For generous privileges of study and photography at the Kerameikos from 1954
to 1959 I offer thanks to the past and present directors of the Kerameikos Excavations, Dr. K.
Kiublera nd Dr. D. Ohly. For access to the lamps in Corinth and from the excavations of the
American School on the North Slope of the Acropolis, I thank the Director of the American
School of Classical Studies at Athens, Professor J. L. Caskey, and Professor Oscar Broneer.
The opportunity of studying the lamps found at Cheliotomylosn ear Corinth, excavated under
the direction of the late T. Leslie Shear, I owe to Mrs. Floyd Harwood.
Concurrentw ork by Agora colleagues in related fields contributed much to this study; it is
a pleasure to thank M. Crosby, C. Grandjouan,R . H. Howland, H. S. Robinson, L. Talcott,
H. A. Thompson and J. Travlos for their assistance. The context dates cited are in general
those provided by Robinson's detailed analyses of the pottery in the various deposits.
Collectionsi n Europe and America have generously been made available: at the Benaki and
Byzantine Museums in Athens, at the Piraeus Museum, at Aigina, Argos, Delos and Olympia;
at the MetropolitanM useumo f Art in New York; in Paris at the Louvre and at the BibliothBque
Nationale; in Rome at the Capitoline Museum, the Vatican Collections and the Museo delle
Terme, and at the AmericanA cademy for the lamps from the excavations from Cosa;i n England
at the British Museum and at the Ashmolean. For hospitality in museums and for other as-
sistance and suggestions I am indebted to the following: Miss ChristineA lexander, Dr. Hermine
Speier, J. Boardman, E. Babelon, P. Corbett, P. Courbin, G. Daux, P. Devambez, H. Fuchs,
M. Hadzidakis, U. Hausmann, R. Higgins, D. M. Kretlaw, E. Kunze, J. Lafaurie, J. Meliades,
J. Papadimitriou, E. Paribeni, C. Pietrangeli, L. Richardson, G. Soteriou, J. Threpsiades, and
N. Yalouris.
Particular thanks are due to Mr. Lucas Benachi of Alexandria who shared his remarkable
collection of lamps and his wide knowledge.
The photographs and the arrangemento f the plates are by Alison Frantz to the great advan-
tage of the book. The profile drawings are by Davina Best Huxley and Ann VanderpoolP ollitt.
Miss A. Kokoni typed the manuscript with unusual care and patience. The work of restoration,
particularly noteworthy on the Leda lamp (frontispiece),i s by A. Mauragiannis.
Most of the preparationo f this publication has been done in Athens during residence there as
fellow of the American School of Classical Studies assigned to the Agora Excavations.
KERAMEIKOSE XCAVATIONS JUDITH PERLZWEIG
A UGUST 15TH, 1959
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PREFACE .......................... . .. ............... .................................... V
ILLUSTRATION.S... ................. ................. ...........................
LIST OF ... viii
ABBREVIATIONS AND BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................... X
.............
TECHNICAL TERMS AND CONVENTIONS .................... ..................................... XV
INTRODUCTION ................................ .......................... 1
IMPORTED LAMPS ................................ ............. .............. ... ...... 4
LAMPS OF THE 18T CENTURY BEFORE CHRIST THROUGH THE 2ND CENTURY AFTER CHRIST ........ 4
V ARIOUS FABRICS .................................................... .................. 4
RED-ON-WHITE LAMPS .................... ........... ...... ......................... 5
CORINTHIAN LAMPS ...................................... ............ ................... 6
MOULDMADE LAMPS OF THE 1ST CENTURY ............................................. 7
LAMPS OF THE LATEST 1ST TO 3RD CENTURY ............ ......... ........ ......... 7
LAMPS OF THE 4TH TO 6TH CENTURY ....................................................... 9
LAMPS OF THE 4TH TO 7TH CENTURY ...................................... ...... .......... 9
ATTIC LAMPS ............... ....................... ...................................... 11
BACKGROUND ............................................................................... 11
LAMPS OF THE 1ST AND 2ND CENTURIES ............ ............... ...................... 12
ALPHA EAR LAMPS ....................................................................14
ALPHA GLOBULEL AMPS 15
.......................................
LAMPS OF THE 3RD AND 4TH CENTURIES 17
.....................................................
INTRODUCTION ............................................................... ............. 17
THE ATTIC REPERTORY ............................................................... 22
THE ATTIC SHOPS OF THE EARLY 3RD TO THE EARLY 5TH CENTURY 24
............................
LAMPMAKER, COROPLAST AND POTTER ................................................. .... 59
NOTE ON THE CHRONOLOGY OF THE 3RD AND 4TH CENTURY LAMPS 62
..............................
LAMPS OF THE 5TH AND 6TH CENTURIES ........................................ ......... 64
LAMPS OF THE 7TH AND 8TH CENTURIES ............................................ ....... ...65
EXPORT OF ATTIC LAMPS IN ROMAN TIMES .... 65
..................... ................ ......
CATALOGUE
............................................................................71
IMPORTED LAMPS ................... 72
................ .........................................
LAMPS OF THE LATE 1ST CENTURY BEFORE CHRIST TO THE MID-IST CENTURY AFTER CHRIST (1-89) 72
LAMPSW ITH LATE HELLENISTIC FEATURES (1-6) ..................................... 72
IMITATIONSO F BRONZE LAMPS (7-33) .................. ............ ....... ..... 72
LAMPS WITH VOLUTE-NOZZLE(S3 4-79) .............................. ... .......... 75
LAMPS WITH SEMI-VOLUTES( 80-81) ..................................... . ...... 79
EAR LAMPS (82-84) ................ .................................. 79
LAMP WITH SHORTN OZZLE( 85) ........................................ 79
.........
VARIOUS(8 6-89) .................... ...................... .................. 80
LAMPS OF THE MID-1ST CENTURY THROUGH THE 2ND CENTURY (90-204) ..................... 80
IMITATIONOSF B RONZEL AMPS( 90-98) 80
..............................................
LAMPS WITH VOLUTE-NOZZLE(S9 9-113) .............. ................ ............. 81
LAMPS WITH SEMI-VOLUTES( 114-117) ............................................... 82
TABLE OF CONTENTS vii
EAR LAMPS (118-119) ..................................................... 83
FACTORY LAMPS (120-121) ............................. ... . .. .... ............... 83
SHORT NOZZLESO F VARIOUS SHAPES (122-144) ................... ........... .... ...... 83
VARIOUS AND FRAGMENTS (145-154) ............................................ 85
RED-ON-WHITE LAMPS (155-204) ........................................................ 86
CORINTHIAN LAMPS OF THE LATE IST TO LATE 5TH CENTURY (205-321) 89
LAMPS OF THE LATE 1ST CENTURY (205-222) ............................................... ..................... 89
LAMPS OF THE LATEST 1ST CENTURYT HROUGHT HE 3RD CENTURY (223-318) .................. 90
LAMPS OF THE 4TH AND 5TH CENTURIES (319-321) ......................................... 98
LAMPS OF THE 4TH TO 7TH CENTURY (322-376) .................. ....................99
NORTH AFRICAN SHAPES (322-345) ................... ... ... ..................... 99
ASIA MINOR LAMPS (346-366) .............. ...... ...... ... ....................... 100
VARIOUS IMPORTED LAMPS (367-376) .................................................... 102
ATTIC LAMPS .... ................................................. .. ................ 104
LAMPS OF THE LATE CENTURY BEFORE CHRIST THROUGH THE 2ND CENTURY AFTER CHRIST
1ST
(377-633) .............................. .............................................. 104
LAMPS OF THE LATE 1ST CENTURY BEFORE CHRIST AND THE FIRST HALF OF THE CENTURY
1ST
AFTER CHRIST (377-396) .............. ........ ....... ......................... 104
ALPHA EAR LAeMPS (397-417) ...........*...#...................................... 105
ALPHA GLOBULE LAMPS (418-627) ....................................................... 106
VARIOUS LAMPS OF THE 1ST AND 2ND CENTURIES (628-633) ............................... 109
LAMPS OF THE 3RD AND 4TH CENTURIES (634-2360). ..................... .............. 109
FIGURED DISK (634-1144) ................... ..... .... ........................... 109
PLAIN AND PATTERNED DISK (1145-1989) ................... 186
CENTRAL HANDLE AND MULTI-NOZZLE (1990-2027) ........................................ 156
MULTI-NOZZLE AND MORE THAN ONE DISK (2028-2031) .................................... 158
HANDLE SHIELDS (2032-2040) ............. ... .. .............................. 159
FILLING-HOLE COVER( 2041) ........................................................... 160
IMITATIONS OF ASIA MINOR LAMPS (2042-2046) ............................................ 160
MOULDS (2047-2048). ............................................................... 160
WASTERS (2049-2062) ............................................................... 160
FRAGMENTS (2063-2072) ............................................................. 162
BASES (2073-2360)..................... ...................................162
SIGNED BASES (2076-2360) ........................................................ 163
LAMPS OF THE 5TH AND 6TH CENTURIES( 2361-2920) ...................................... 172
FIGURED DISK (2361-2594) .......................................................... 172
PLAIN OR PATTERNEDD ISK (2595-2840) ........................ ....................... 184
VARIOUS LAMPS OF THE 5TH AND 6TH CENTURIES (2841-2859) ...............................194
MULTI-NOZZLE LAMPS (2860-2863) .................................................... 195
MOULDS (2864-2884)............... ............................. 195
SIGNED BASES (2885-2913) ............. ....... .. ....... ..................................... 197
BASES (NOT SIGNED) (2914-2920) .................. ... ..................................... 197
LAMPS OF THE 7TH AND 8TH(?) CENTURIES (2921-2942) ................................. 198
BRONZE LAMPS (2943-2950). ............................................................. 199
SUPPLEMEN(TA -G) ............. .............................. 201
........................
CONCORDANCES ..202
..........................................................
INDEX OF DEPOSITS .............. ...... ......................... 22 4
INDEX. ...................................................................................229
22 9
GE NE RAL ....
.................. ........ .................. ..............................
R EPRESENTATION.S.. .................. 284
.....................23...........................
INSCRIPTIONS............................................................................ 237
LIST OF PLATES
Frontispiece Leda and the Swan. Attic, first half of 3rd Century.
Plate
1-3 ImportedL amps of the Late 1st CenturyB efore Christt o the Mid-ist CenturyA fter Christ.
VariousF abrics.
4 ImportedL amps of the Late 1st CenturyB efore Christt o the Mid-1stC enturyA fter Christ
80-89; of the Mid-ist Centuryt o 2nd Century9 0-104. VariousF abrics.
5 ImportedL amps of the Mid-ist Centuryt hrough the 2nd Century.V ariousF abrics.
6 ImportedL amps of the Mid-ist Centuryt hrought he 2nd Century.V ariousF abrics 139-154.
Red-on-whiteL amps 155-174.
7 ImportedL amps. Red-on-whiteL amps 176-199. CorinthianL amps 205-240.
8-9 CorinthianL amps.
10 ImportedL amps of the 4th to the 7th Century.N orth African Shapes 322-345. Asia Minor
Lamps 346-350.
11 ImportedL amps of the 4th to the 7th Century.A sia MinorL amps 351-363. Various Im-
ported Lamps 367-376.
12 Selected Attic Lamps of the 1st to the 7th Century.
13-14 Attic Lamps of the 1st and 2nd Centuries.
15-17 Attic Lamps of the 3rd and 4th Centuries.G ods and MythologicalS ubjects.
18 Attic Lamps of the 3rd and 4th Centuries.G ods and MythologicalS ubjects 779-807. Genre
Scenes 808-833.
19 Attic Lamps of the 3rd and 4th Centuries.G enre Scenes.
20 Attic Lamps of the 3rd and 4th Centuries.A nimals.
21 Attic Lampso f the 3rd and 4th CenturiesA. nimalsa nd Plants 967-1016. Objects1 017-1029.
22 Attic Lamps of the 3rd and 4th Centuries.O bjects.
23 Attic Lamps from the Athenian Kerameikos,3 rd Centuryt o 5th Century.
24 Attic Lampso f the 3rd and 4th Centuries.O bjects1 120-1134.C hristianS ymbols1 139-1144.
Disk Plain 1145-1200.
25-26 Attic Lamps of the 3rd and 4th Centuries.D isk Plain.
27 Attic Lamps of the 3rd and 4th Centuries.D isk Plain or Patterned.
28-31 Attic Lamps of the 3rd and 4th Centuries.D isk Patterned.
82 Attic Lamps of the 3rd and 4th Centuries.D isk Patterned 1918-1988. Lamps with Central
Handle and Multi-nozzleL amps 1991-2007.
3388 Attic Lamps of the 3rd and 4th Centuries.M ulti-nozzleL amps2 017-2031. VariousS hapes
and Fragments2 032-2046.
34 Attic Lamps of the 3rd and 4th Centuries.V ariousa nd Fragments2 047-2072. Base of Leda
Lamp 781. SignaturesA - through Zosimos.
85 Attic Lamps of the 3rd and 4th Centuries.S ignaturesE utyches throughK y -.
36 Attic Lamps of the 3rd and 4th Centuries.S ignaturesL - through Stratolaos.
87 Attic Lamps of the 3rd and 4th Centuries.S ignaturesf irst three rows. Attic Lamps of the
5th and 6th Centuries. Figured Disks 2363-2384.
88 Attic Lamps of the 5th and 6th Centuries. Figured Disks.
89 Attic Lamps of the 5th and 6th Centuries. Figured Disks, Constantinian Monogram, Cross
Monogram.
40 Attic Lamps of the 5th and 6th Centuries. Cross Monogram and Cross.
41 Attic Lamps of the 5th and 6th Centuries. Cross 2566-2591. Disk Plain 2595-2644.
42-43 Attic Lamps of the 5th and 6th Centuries. Disk Plain.
44 Attic Lamps of the 5th and 6th Centuries. Disk Plain or Patterned 2793-2839. Various
2841-2845.
LIST OF PLATES ix
45 Attic Lamps of the 5th and 6th Centuries.V arious2 846-2868. Moulds2 864-2879.
46 Attic Lamps of the 5th and 6th Centuries.M ouldsa nd Bases 2882-2918. Attic Lamps of
the 7th Century2 921-2938.
47 Attic Lamps of the 7th and 8th Centuries2 939-2942. AcropolisN orth Slope A.L. 4 and
A.L. 57. Selected Recent Finds A-G. Selected Emblemata from the Agora and the
Kerameikosa -e.
48 BronzeL amps.
49 Profiles.
50 Profiles.
51 Rim Patterns of Attic Lamps, 3rd and 4th Centuries.
52 Bases.
53 Actual State Plan of the Athenian Agora.
ABBREVIATIONS AND SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY
Agora: The AthenianA gora, Results of ExcavationsC onductedb y the AmericanS chool of Classical Studies
at Athens
I. Evelyn B. Harrison,P ortraitS culpture,P rinceton, 1953
II. MargaretT hompson,C oinsf rom the Romant hrought he VenetianP eriod, Princeton, 1954
III. R. E. Wycherley,L iterarya nd EpigraphicalT estimonia,P rinceton, 1957
IV. R. H. Howland,G reekL amps and theirS urvivals,P rinceton, 1958
V. Henry S. Robinson,P otteryo f the RomanP eriod, ChronologyP, rinceton, 1959
VI. ClairbveG randjouan,T erracottaos f the RomanP eriod (in press)
A.J.A.: AmericanJ ournal of Archaeology
Alf6ldi, A., "Die Vorherrschaftd er Pannonieri m R6merreicheu nd die Reaktion des Hellenentumsu nter
Gallienus,"2 5 Jahre r6misch-germaniscKheo mmission,B erlin and Leipzig, 1931, pp. 11-51
Almagro,M artin,L as Necr6polisd e Ampurias,V ol. II, Necr6polisR omanasy Necr6polisI ndigenas,B arcelona,
1955
Alvarez-OssorioF: . Alvarez-Ossorio", Lucernaso lamparasa ntiguas,d e barroc ocido del MuseoA rqueologico
Nacional,"A rchivoE spanold e ArqueologiaX, V, 1942, pp. 271-287
Antioch,I : Antioch-on-the-OrontIe, sT, heE xcavationso f 1932, ed. by G.W. Elderkin,P rinceton,1 934. Lamps,
by F. O. Waag6,p p. 58-67
Antioch,I II: Antioch.-on-the-OronItIeIs,, The Excavationso f 1937-1939, ed. by R. Stillwell, Princeton,L on-
don, The Hague, 1941. Lamps,b y F. O. Waag6,p p. 55-82
Arch. Anz.: ArchiiologischeArn zeiger
'ApX.' Ep.: 'ApXatoAoytK1' Eqn1pEpis
Ath. Mitt.: Mitteilungend es deutschena rchdiologischIenns tituts, AthenischeA bteilung
B. A. Besch.: Bulletinv an de Verenigingto t Bevorderingd erK ennis van de AntiekeB eschaving
Bachofen: J. J. Bachofen, RimischeG rablampenn ebste inigena ndernG rabdenkmeilerLne,i pzig, 1912
Barre-Roux:M . L. Barre et H. Roux, Herculanume t Pompei, Tome VII, Paris, 1840
Bartoli-Bellori:P . S. Bartoli and G. P. Bellori, Le antichel ucernes epolcralif igurate,R ome, 1729
Bassett, S. E., see Vari
Baur, P. V. C., see Dura
Baur: P. V. C. Baur, Catalogueo f the RebeccaD arlingtonS toddardC ollectiono f Greeka nd Italian Vases in
Yale University,N ew Haven, 1922
Begerus,L aurentius, Thesauruse lectoralisB randenburgicIi,I I, ColoniaeM archicae,1 696, cf. pp. 435-454
B - - -, Em., "Symbolique chretienne," Bulletin de l'e'colef ranVaised 'Athines, I, 1868, pp. 65-67
Bernhard:M . L. Bernhard,L ampkiS tarozytneW, arsaw,1 955
Bigot, C., "Les lampes in terre cuite du Musee de la societ6 arch6ologiqued 'Athenes," Bulletin de l'dcole
frangaised 'Athines,I , 1868, pp. 33-47
Brants: J. Brants, Antieke Terra-Cotta-LampeVni, t het Rijksmuseumv an Oudhedente Leiden,L eiden, 1913
Breccia, E., "Lampes 'Africanes'd u Musee Greco-Romain,"L e MusdeGe reco-Romaina u cours de l'anne'e
1922-23, pp. 25-31
Broneer,s ee Corinth,I V, ii
Broneer,0 ., "A Late Type of Wheel-madeL amps from Corinth,"A .J.A., XXXI, 1927, pp. 329-337
Broneer,0 ., "Eros and Aphroditeo n the North Slope of the Acropolis,"H esperia,I , 1932, cf. pp. 48-49
Broneer,0 ., "The 'ArmedA phrodite'o n Acrocorintha nd the Aphroditeo f Capua,"U niversityo f California
Publicationsi n ClassicalA rchaeologyV, ol. I, 1929-1944, pp. 65-84
Bull. Arch. Soc.: Bulletin de la Socie'tdR oyale d'Alexandried 'Arche'ologie
B.C.H.: Bulletin de correspondanchee lle'nique
Cesnola, L. P. di, A Descriptive Atlas of the Cesnola Collection of Cypriote Antiquities in the Metropolitan
Museum of Art, New York, 3 vols., Boston, 1885-1903
ABBREVIATIONS AND SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY xi
Corinth:C orinth,R esultso f ExcavationsC onductedb y the AmericanS choolo f ClassicalS tudies at Athens
IV, ii. 0. Broneer, TerracottaL amps, CambridgeM, ass., 1934
X. O. Broneer, The Odeum,C ambridgeM, ass., 1932
XII. Gladys R. Davidson, The Minor ObjectsP, rinceton, 1952
XIV. C. Roebuck, The Asklepieiona nd Lerna,P rinceton, 1951
C.I.L.: CorpusI nscriptionumL atinarum
Courbin,P ., "Une rue d'Argos,"B .C.H., LXXX, 1956, pp. 183-218
Creaghan,J ohn S., S. J. and Raubitschek,A . E., "Early ChristianE pitaphs from Athens," Hesperia,X VI,
1947, pp. 1-54
Cumont,F ., "Ciergese t lampes sur les tombeaux,"M iscellaneaG iovanniM ercati,V , 1946, pp. 41-47
Dalton, O. M., Catalogueo f Early ChristianA ntiquitiesa nd Objectsfr om the ChristianE ast in the Department
of British and MediaevalA ntiquitiesa nd Ethnographyo f the British Museum,L ondon, 1901
Daremberg-SaglioD, ictionnaire:D aremberg,C h. and Saglio, E., Dictionnaired es antiquite'gs recquese t ro-
maines,P aris, 1887-1919
Davidson, G. R., see Corinth,X II
Davidson, G. R. and Thompson,D . B., see Pnyx, I
Day, Florence," Early Islamic and ChristianL amps," Berytus,V II, 1942, pp. 64-79
Day, EconomicH istory: J. Day, An EconomicH istoryo f Athensu nderR omanD omination,N ew York, 1942
de Brun-Gagniere:P . de Brun et S. Gagniere,L es lampesa ntiquese n argile et en bronzed u muse'eC alveta
Avignon,P aris, 1940
Delattre, R. P., Lampesc hre'tiennedse CarthageL, yon, 1880
Delphes,V : P. Perdrizet,F ouilles de Delphes,V , Paris, 1908, cf. pp. 184-195
'
"Lampes, Delos": WaldemarD eonna, "Les lampes antiques trouv6es D6los," B.C.H., XXXII, 1908,
pp. 133-176
Deonna,W ., "L'Ornementationd es lampes romaines,"R ev. Arch., XXVI, 1927, pp. 233-263
AEAT-r'A.: PXatoXoyYlKVAE XTriOV
Dura: Paul V. C. Baur, The Lamps, Excavationsa t Dura-EuroposF, inal ReportI V, Part III, New Haven
and London, 1947
Ephesos,I V: Forschungenin Ephesos,B and IV, Heft 2, Das C0meteriumde r SiebenS chldfer,V ienna, 1937
Evelein, M. A., De romeinscheL ampen,' S-Gravenhage,1 928
Fremersdorf:F . Fremersdorf,R imische Bildlampen,B onn and Leipzig, 1922
FremersdorfF, ., Das Beleuchtungs-Geriant r6mischerZ eit, Mainz, 1924
Fremersdorf,F ., "Ein Werkstattfundv on Bildlampend er friihesten Kaiserzeit aus K61n,"B onner Jahr-
biicher,C XLVII, 1942, pp. 237-248
Furtwiingler,A ., see SammlungS abouroff
Goldman,H ., see Tarsus, I
Goldman,H ., "The Acropoliso f Halae," Hesperia,I X, 1940, of. pp. 506-507, fig. 250
GoodenoughJ, ewishS ymbols:E rwin R. GoodenoughJ, ewishS ymbolsi n theG reco-RomaPne riod,V ols. I-VI,
New York, 1953-1956
Graindor,P ., Athines sous Auguste,C airo,1 927
Graindor,P ., Athines sous Hadrien,C airo,1 934
Graindor,P ., Un milliardairea ntique:H de'roAdet ticuse t sa famille, Cairo,1 930
Graindor,P ., "Itudes sur l'ephebiea ttique sous l'empire,"M use'eB elge, XXVI, 1922, pp. 165-228
Graindor,P ., Athines de Tibere4 Trajan, Cairo,1 981
Gutschow,M ., "Das Museumd er Priitextat-Katakombe,"A tti della PontificiaA ccademiaR omana,S erie III,
Vol. IV, ii, Vatican City, 1938
Hackin, J., see N. R. A. Begram
Hafner, G., "Hellenistische Kunst auf r6mischen Lampen," Ganymed, Heidelberger Beitrdge zur antiken
Kunstgeschichte,H eidelberg, 1949, pp. 48-53
Haken: Haken, Roman, "Roman Lamps in the Prague National Museum and in other Czechoslovak Col-
lections," Acta Musei Nationalis Prague, Series A, Volume XII, Nos. 1-2
Harrison, Evelyn B., see Agora, I
Hesperia: Hesperia, Journal of the American School of Classical Studies at Athens
Hill, D. K., "Ancient Metal Reliefs," Hesperia, XII, 1943, pp. 97-114
Hill, I. T., The Ancient City of Athens, London, 1953
Horsfield, G. and Horsfield, A., "Sela-Petra, the Rock, of Edom and Nabatene, IV. The Finds", Q.D.A.P.,
IX, 1939, pp. 105-204