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LAMPIRAN A PERHITUNGAN NERACA MASSA Basis perhitungan = 1 jam operasi Satuan berat = Kilogram (kg) Bahan baku = - Benzen (C H ); BM = 78,11 kg/kmol 6 6 - Propilen (C H ); BM = 42,08 kg/kmol 3 6 - Propana (C H ); BM = 44,09 kg/kmol 3 8 Produk akhir = Isopropilbenzen (C H ); BM = 120,19 kg/kmol 9 12 Produk samping = Diisopropilbenzen (C H ) ; BM = 162 kg/kmol 12 18 (Wikipedia, 2010) Kemurnian Isopropilbenzen = 99,20% ([email protected], 2010) Kapasitas produksi dalam satu jam operasi : 2500Ton 1Tahun 1000Kg 1Hari = x x x 1Tahun 330hari 1Ton 24 jam = 315,6565 kg/jam Jumlah hari operasi = 330 hari Jumlah jam operasi = 24 jam Perhitungan neraca massa dilakukan dengan alur mundur, dimana perhitungan dimulai dari alur produk sampai ke alur bahan baku. Adapun kemurnian Isopropilbenzen (IPB) adalah 99,20% dengan sisanya adalah Diisopropilbenzen (DIPB). Universitas Sumatera Utara A.1 Akumulator (AC-102) Fungsi : Untuk mengumpulkan destilat yang keluar dari Menara destilsi II (MD- 102) yang telah dikondensasikan di kondensor (E-108) dan membagi menjadi aliran produk dan aliran recyle. IPB (l) DIPB (l) Benzene (l) IPB (25) IPB (l) (l) DIPB (l) (26) (27) DIPB (l) Benzene (l) AC-102 Benzene (l) Komposisi Produk d ari data spesifikasi produk Isopropilbenzena : (chemicals(at)merck.co.id, 2010) - Cumene : X27 = 0,992 - DIPB : X27 = 0,001 - Benzene : X27 = 0,007 F27 = 315,6565 kg/jam (Data kapasitas produk) Berdasarkan dari data-data pabrik yang sudah berdiri bahwa rasio reflux maksimal pada destilasi adalah 15% dari laju alir destilat (hasil destilasi). (setiawan,2002) Jadi, F26 = 0,15 x F27 Maka F26 = 0,15 x 315,6565 kg/jam = 47,3485 kg/jam Nerca massa total = F25 = F26 + F27 F25 = 47,3485 + 315,6565 = 363,0050 Alur 27 F27 = 315,6565 kg/jam IPB : F27 = 0,9920 x 315,6565 = 313,1312 kg/jam IPB DIPB : F27 = 0,0010 x 315,6565 = 0,3157 kg/jam DIPB Benzene : F27 = 0,0070 x 315,6565 = 2,2096 kg/jam Benzene Alur 26 F26 = 47,3485 kg/jam IPB : F26 = 0,9920 x 47,3485 = 46,9696 kg/jam IPB Universitas Sumatera Utara DIPB : F26 = 0,0010 x 47,3485 = 0,0474 kg/jam DIPB Benzene : F26 = 0,0070 x 47,3485 = 0,3315 kg/jam Benzene Alur 25 F25 = 363,0050 kg/jam IPB : F25 = 0,9920 x 363,0050 = 360,1008 kg/jam IPB DIPB : F25 = 0,0010 x 363,0050 = 0,3631 kg/jam DIPB Benzene : F25 = 0,0070 x 363,0050 = 2,5411 kg/jam Benzene Tabel LA.1 Neraca Massa Akumulator (AC-102) Masuk Keluar (kg/jam) Komponen (kg/jam) Alur 25 Alur 26 Alur 27 Benzen 2,5411 0,3315 2,2096 Propilen - - - Propana - - - Isopropilbenzen 360,1008 46,9696 313,1312 Diisopropilbenzen 0,3631 0,0474 0,3157 363,0050 47,3485 315,6565 Total 363,0050 363,0050 A.2 Menara Distilasi (MD-102) Fungsi : Untuk memisahkan Isopropilbenzen dengan Diisopropilbenzen. IPB (27) (l) DIPB (l) Benzene (l) IPB (l) (22) DIPB MD-102 (l) Benzene (l) (31) IPB (l) DIPB (l) Asumsi komposisi pada alur umpan berdasarkan pabrik yang sudah berdiri: Universitas Sumatera Utara - X = 0,9100 IPB - X = 0,0836 DIPB - X = 0,0064 Benzene (Setiawan, 2002) Pada destilasi diinginkan: - X = 0,992 D - X = 0,008 B X = X =0,91 F IPB B (X −X ) (0,992−0,91) = D F = =0,0833 (McCabe, 1997) ( ) ( ) F X −X 0,992−0,008 D B F31 =0,0833 F22 F31 =0,0833F22 Neraca massa total F22 = F27 +F31 F22 = F27 +0,0833F22 0,9167F22 =F27 F27 F22 = = 344.34 kg/jam 0,9167 F31 = F22 −F27 =344,34−315,6565= 28,6835kmol/jam Alur 27 F27 = 315,6565 kg/jam IPB : F27 = 0,9920 x 315,6565 = 313,1312 kg/jam IPB DIPB : F27 = 0,0010 x 315,6565 = 0,3157 kg/jam DIPB Benzene : F27 = 0,0070 x 315,6565 = 2,2096 kg/jam Benzene Alur 22 F22 = 344,34 kg/jam IPB : F22 = 0,91 x 344,34 = 313,3494 kg/jam IPB DIPB : F22 = 0,0836 x 344,34 = 28,7810 kg/jam DIPB Benzene : F22 = 0,0064 x 344,34 = 2,2096 kg/jam Benzene Universitas Sumatera Utara Alur 31 F31 = 28,6835 kg/jam IPB : F31 = F22 - F27 = 0,2182 kg/jam IPB IPB IPB DIPB : F31 = F22 - F27 = 28,4653 kg/jam DIPB DIPB DIPB Tabel LA.2 Neraca Massa Menara Destilasi (MD-102) Masuk Keluar (kg/jam) Komponen (kg/jam) Alur 22 Alur 27 Alur 31 Benzen 2,2096 2,2096 - Propilen - - - Propana - - - Isopropilbenzen 313,3494 313,1312 0,2182 Diisopropilbenzen 28,7810 0,3157 28,4653 344,34 315,6565 28,6835 Total 344,34 344,34 A.3 Reboiler (E-110) Fungsi : Untuk menaikkan temperatur campuran sampai ke titik didihnya sebelum dimasukkan ke kolom destilasi IPB (l) IPB (29) DIPB (l) (l) DIPB (30) (l) E-110 IPB (l) DIPB (l) (31) Berdasarkan Geankoplis (2003), untuk kondisi umpan masuk dalam keadaan bubble point (cair jenuh) sehingga q = 1. Vd = Vb + (1-q) F (Geankoplis, 2003) Vb = Vd = 363,0050 kg/jam Lb = Vb + B = 363,0050 + 28,6835 Universitas Sumatera Utara = 391,6885 kg/jam Alur 31 F31 = 28,6835 kg/jam IPB : F31 = F22 - F27 = 0,2182 kg/jam IPB IPB IPB DIPB : F31 = F22 - F27 = 28,4653 kg/jam DIPB DIPB DIPB Alur 30 F30 = Vb = 363,0050 kg/jam IPB : F30 = 0,008 x 363,0050 = 2,9040 kg/jam IPB DIPB : F30 = 0,992 x 363,0050 = 360,1010 kg/jam DIPB Alur 29 F29 = Lb = 391,6885 kg/jam IPB : F29 = 0,008 x 391,6885 = 3,1335 kg/jam IPB DIPB : F29 = 0,992 x 391,6885 = 388,5550 kg/jam DIPB Tabel LA.3 Neraca Massa Reboiler (E-110) Masuk Keluar (kg/jam) Komponen (kg/jam) Alur 29 Alur 30 Alur 31 Benzen - - - Propilen - - - Propana - - - Isopropilbenzen 3,1335 2,9040 0,2182 Diisopropilbenzen 388,5550 360,1010 28,4653 391,6885 363,0050 28,6835 Total 391,6885 391,6885 Universitas Sumatera Utara A.4 Menara Distilasi (MD-101) Fungsi : Untuk memisahkan Benzen dengan Campuran Isopropilbenzen dan Diisopropilbenze (23) Cumene (l) Benzene (l) Menara Cumene (l) (15) Distilasi DIPB (l) (MD- Benzene (l) 101) Cumene (l) DIPB (22) (l) Benzene (l) Asumsi komposisi pada alur umpan berdasar pabrik yang sudah berdiri : - X = 0,2336897 IPB - X = 0,0163103 DIPB - X = 0.75 Benzene (setiawan, 2002) Komposisi Umpan Menara Distilasi (MD-102) sama dengan komposisi hasil bawah Menara Distilasi (MD-101), komposisi hasil bawah MD-101 : - X = 0,91 D - X = 0,09 B X = X =0,75 F BENZEN B (X −X ) (0,91−0,75) = D F = =0,1951 (McCabe, 1997) ( ) ( ) F X −X 0,91−0,09 D B F22 = 0,1951 F15 F22 F15 = 0,1951 F15 = 1764,9411 kg/jam Neraca massa total F23 = F15 −F22 F23 =1764,9411−344,34 F23 =1420,6011kg/jam Universitas Sumatera Utara Alur 22 F22 = 344,34 kg/jam IPB : F22 = 0,91 x 344,34 = 313,3494 kg/jam IPB DIPB : F22 = 0,0836 x 344,34 = 28,7810 kg/jam DIPB Benzene : F22 = 0,0064 x 344,34 = 2,2096 kg/jam Benzene Alur 15 F15 = 1764,9411 kg/jam Benzene :F15 = 0,75 x 1764,9411 = 1323,7115 kg/jam Benzene IPB : F15 = 0,2336897 x 1764,9411 = 412,4486 kg/jam IPB DIPB : F15 = 0,0163103 x 1764,9411 = 28,7810 kg/jam DIPB Alur 23 F23 = 1420,6011 kg/jam Benzene : F23 = F15 - F22 = 1321,5091 kg/jam Benzene Benzene Benzene IPB : F23 = F15 - F22 = 99,0992 kg/jam IPB IPB IPB Tabel LA.4 Neraca Massa Menara Distilasi (MD-101) Masuk Keluar (kg/jam) Komponen (kg/jam) Alur 15 Alur 22 Alur 23 Benzen 1323,7115 2,2096 1321,5019 Propilen - - - Propana - - - Isopropilbenzen 412,4486 313,3494 99,0992 Diisopropilbenzen 28,7810 28,7810 - 1764,9411 344,34 1420,6011 Total 1764,9411 1764,9411 Universitas Sumatera Utara A.5 Akumulator (AC-101) Fungsi : Untuk mengumpulkan destilat dengan komposisi sebagian besar Benzen yang keluar dari kondensor E-107 dan membagi aliran produk dan aliran recyle. Isopropilbenzen (l) Benzen (l) (18) Isopropilbenzen (l) (19) (23) Isopropilbenzen (l) Benzene (l) AC-101 Benzene (l) Kompo sisi Produk : - Benzene : X23 = 0,9302 - IPB : X23 = 0,0698 F23 = 1420,6011 kg/jam Asumsi F19 = 0,15 x F23 Maka F19 = = 0,15 x 1420,6011 kg/jam = 213,0902 kg/jam Nerca massa total F18 = F19 + F23 F18 = 213,0902 + 1420,6011 = 1633,6913 kg/jam Alur 23 F23 = 1420,6011 kg/jam Benzene : F23 = F15 - F22 = 1321,5091 kg/jam Benzene Benzene Benzene IPB : F23 = F15 - F22 = 99,0992 kg/jam IPB IPB IPB Alur 19 F19 = 213,0902 kg/jam Benzene : F19 = 0,9302x 213,0902 = 198,2166 kg/jam Benzene IPB : F19 = 0,0698 x 213,0902 = 14,8736 kg/jam IPB Alur 18 Universitas Sumatera Utara F18 = 1633,6913 kg/jam Benzen : F18 = F19 + F23 = 1519,7185 kg/jam IPB Benzene Benzene IPB : F18 = F19 + F23 = 113,9728 kg/jam DIPB IPB IPB Tabel LA.5 Neraca Massa Akumulator (AC-101) Masuk Keluar (kg/jam) Komponen (kg/jam) Alur 18 Alur 19 Alur 23 Benzen 1519,7185 198,2166 1321,5019 Propilen - - - Propana - - - Isopropilbenzen 113,9728 14,8736 99,0992 Diisopropilbenzen - - - 1633,6913 213,0902 1420,6011 Total 1633,6913 1633,6913 A.6 Reboiler (E-106) Fungsi : Untuk menaikkan temperatur campuran sampai ke titik didihnya sebelum dimasukkan ke kolom destilasi Cumene (l) Cumene (20) DIPB (l) (l) DIPB (21) Benzene (l) (l) Benzene Cumene (l) (l) E-106 DIPB (l) Benzene (l) (22) Berdasarkan Geankoplis (2003), untuk kondisi umpan masuk dalam keadaan bubble point (cair jenuh) sehingga q = 1. Vd = Vb + (1-q) F (Geankoplis, 2003) Vb = Vd = 1633,6913 kg/jam Lb = Vb + B = 1633,6913 + 344,34 = 1978,0313 kg/jam Universitas Sumatera Utara

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yang keluar dari kondensor E-107 dan membagi aliran produk dan aliran recyle. Komposisi Diambil panjang bak = 3,25 ft = 0,9906 m. Uji desain :.
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yang keluar dari kondensor E-107 dan membagi aliran produk dan aliran recyle. Komposisi Diambil panjang bak = 3,25 ft = 0,9906 m. Uji desain :.

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