Lachman's Case Studies in Anatomy

520 Pages·2013·7.23 MB·English

by  David Seiden

LACHMAN’S
CASE STUDIES
IN ANATOMY
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Lachman’s
Case Studies
in Anatomy
FIFTH EDITION
David Seiden
REVISED BY
Siobhan A. Corbett
AND
1
3

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Seiden, David.Lachman’s case studies in anatomy. – 5th ed. / rev. by David Seiden,
Siobhan A. Corbett.
p. ; cm.
Case studies in anatomy
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978–0–19–984608–5 (pbk. : alk. paper)
I. Corbett, Siobhan A. II. Lachman, Ernest, 1901–1979. III. Title.
IV. Title: Case studies in anatomy.
[DNLM: 1. Anatomy, Regional. 2. Pathologic Processes. QZ 4]616(cid:99).09—dc23
2012022535

1 3 5 7 9 8 6 4 2
Printed in the United States of America
on acid-free paper
CONTENTS
Preface | ix
Preface to First Edition | xi
UNIT ONE Head and Neck
1. Facial Paralysis (Bell’s Palsy) | 3
2. Trigeminal Neuralgia | 11
3. Septic Th rombosis of the Cavernous Sinus | 19
4. Orbital Floor Fracture | 28
5. Bilateral Dislocation of the Temporomandibular Joint | 35
6. Tracheoesophageal Fistula | 43
7. Fracture of the Mandible | 51
8. Tracheostomy | 59
9. Parathyroidectomy | 69
10. Penetrating Injury to the Neck | 79
11. Flexion-Extension Injury of the Neck | 88
12. Central Venous Catheterization | 97
Unit I Review Questions | 107
v
vi CONTENTS
UNIT TWO BACK
13. Prolapse of an Intervertebral Disk | 119
14. Lumbar Puncture | 126
Unit II Review Questions | 135
UNIT THREE THORAX
15. Cancer of the Breast | 141
16. Aspiration Pneumonia | 149
17. Tetralogy of Fallot | 157
18. Lung Cancer | 164
19. Pneumothorax | 171
20. Angina Pectoris | 177
21. Myocardial Infarction | 184
22. Coarctation of the Aorta | 192
23. Obstruction of the Superior Vena Cava | 201
24. Cancer of the Esophagus | 207
Unit III Review Questions | 215
UNIT FOUR ABDOMEN
25. Indirect Inguinal Hernia | 227
26. Biliary Colic, Acute Cholecystitis, and
Cholecystectomy | 235
27. Bariatric Surgery for Morbid Obesity | 246
28. Obstructive Jaundice | 254
Contents vii
29. Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome | 264
30. Omphalocele | 273
31. Appendicitis | 281
32. Ureteral Stone with Hydronephrosis | 289
33. Colon Cancer | 296
34. Portal Hypertension | 305
Unit IV Review Questions | 315
UNIT FIVE PELVIS AND PERINEUM
35. Prolapse of the Uterus | 327
36. Vasectomy | 335
37. Urethral Rupture | 341
38. Ectopic Tubal Pregnancy | 349
Unit V Review Questions | 355
UNIT SIX UPPER LIMB
39. Fracture of the Clavicle | 361
40. Th oracic Outlet Syndrome | 366
41. Subclavian Steal Syndrome | 371
42. Supracondylar Fracture of the Humerus | 377
43. Peripheral Venous Access | 384
44. Scaphoid Fracture | 392
45. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome | 398
Unit VI Review Questions | 407
viii CONTENTS
UNIT SEVENL OWER LIMB
46. Intragluteal Injection | 415
47. Femoral Neck Fracture | 421
48. “Unhappy Triad” of the Knee Joint | 431
49. Intermittent Claudication | 443
50. Anterior Compartment Syndrome | 454
51. Common Fibular Nerve Laceration | 459
Unit VII Review Questions | 467
Index | 473
PREFACE
We are pleased and honored to have been asked to update this iconic
book, fi rst published by Ernest Lachman almost 5 decades ago. We
have completely revised and modernized the existing patient pre-
sentations to make them even more useful to the student of anat-
omy and deleted those we felt were no longer pertinent to current
medical practice. In addition, we have written 19 entirely new cases
drawn from our own experiences as medical educators. Our goal was
to provide scenarios commonly encountered in clinical practice that
illustrate important clinical anatomy that is being stressed in most
medical schools. Whenever possible, we have used patient examples
that represent clinical encounters required in clerkship curricula.
Th is should allow students to draw from this book throughout their
4 years in medical school. Finally, we have expanded the scope of
the book to include embryological development by incorporating
three new cases of developmental abnormalities: tracheoesophageal
fi stula, tetralogy of Fallot, and omphalocele.
We have maintained the original format of the book. Each chap-
ter starts with a clinical case presentation, followed by diagnosis
and therapy and then an extensive discussion of the anatomy that
is relevant to the case. We have modifi ed the format of the patient
presentations to make the history and physical examination fi nd-
ings consistent with the standard format that students will utilize
in clinical training. Diagnostic and therapeutic procedures that are
discussed have been brought up-to-date and are consistent with
ix