LAC SEUL

117 Pages·2001·4.85 MB·English

NOTE TO USER
Page(s) missing in number only; text follows.
Microfilmed as received.
This reproduction is the best copy available.

OJIBWAY PLANT TAXONOMY AT LAC SEUL FIRST NATION,
ONTARIO, CANADA
Mary B. Kenny BIS, HBA F h tC lw
A Graduate Thesis
submitted in partial fulfïlment of the requkments
for the degree of
Masta of Science in Forestry
Fadty of Forestry and Forest Environment
Lakehead University
Thunder Bay, Ontario
Canada
1*1 National Library Bibliothèque nationale
ofCanada du Canada
Acquisitions and Acquisitions et
Bibliographie Services services bibliographiques
395 WeUington Strest 395, rue Wellington
OnawaON KtA ON4 OttawaON KtAûN4
Canada Canada
The author has granted a non- L'auteur a accordé une licence non
exclusive licence allowing the exclusive permettant à la
National Library of Canada to Bibliothèque nationale du Canada de
reproduce, loan, distribute or selî reproduire, prêter, distribuer ou
copies of this thesis in microform, vendre des copies de cette thèse sous
paper or electronic formats. la fome de microfiche/nlm, de
reproduction sur papier ou sur format
électronique.
The author retains ownership of the L'auteur conserve la propriété du
copyright in this thesis. Neither the droit d'auteur qui protège cette thèse.
thesis nor substantial extracts fiom it Ni la thèse ni des extraits substantie1s
may be printed or otherwise de celle-ci ne doivent être imprimes
reproduced without the author's ou autrement reproduits sans son
permission. autorisation.
In Memory
of m y daughter
Sarah Serena Crookhaxn
-
June 27,1975 October 27,1994
In presenting this thesis in partial fulfilment of the rwements for the
MSc-F. degree at Lakehead University at Thunder Bay, 1 agree that the
University shall make it freely available.
Thiç university thesis is made available by m y authority solely for the
purpose of private study and research and may not be copied or reproduced in
whole or part (except as permitted by the Copyright Law) without my written
authority .
Signature
Date
A CAUTION TO THE READER
This M3.F. thesis has been through a semi-formal process of review
and comment by at least two fadty members.
It is made available for loan by the faculty for the purpoçe of advanchg
the practice of professional and scientific forestry.
The reader should realize that opinions acpressed in this document are
the opinions and condusions of the student and do not necessarily reflect the
opinions of either the supervisor, the fadty or the University.
Kenny, M.B. 2000. Ojibway plant taxonomy at Lac Seul First Nation, Ontario,
Canada. 101 pp.
Advisor: Dr. WH. Parker
Key Words: boreal forest, ethnobiological dassification, ethnobotany, folk
taxonomy, Ojibway, Ontario.
The Ojibway (Anishinabe) of Lac Seul First Nation reside in the
transition zone of the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence and southern Bored Forest
regions of northwestem Ontario, Canada. Hunting and gathering of certain
animal and plant species remam a signibcant part of their Iivelihood. Although
Lac Seul Ojibway are traditionally hunter-gatherers, there is a manipulation of
the plant community in the dtivation of wild rice Zizmia apafica L. beds and
certain wild medicinal plants. During the winter and summers of 19%-1997, a
preümiwy study was undertaken to coliect plant taxonomic information in
the Oji-Cree dialect of the community. Four Elders, fluent in the OpCree
dialect and who were knowledgeable of plant names, were interviewed. They
were presented with plant materiai for indentification. Five other Elders also
contributed their knowledge about plants. Analysis of the taxonomic system
followed Brent Beriin, with some exceptions. In Lac Seul folk plant taxonomy,
there is no 'unique beginner' to correspond with Plantae. There are two Super
Life-forms which mdude aU vascular plants. This is the first use of the rank
Super Life-form in ethnobdanical classifiration- There are eight named or
covert Life-hm taxa. Three of the Life-form taxa, characterized as 'medicinal
roof, 'berry' and 'bark utility', are 'cultural' or utilitarian and overlap with the
remaining Life-forms; 'conifer' (covert), 'angiospenn tree' (covert), 'herbs, fenis
and fem allies', 'shmb' and 'moss'. As noted by Turner, Hunn and Johnson-
Gottesfeld in other studies of non-agrarian indigenous groups, plant
dassification at Lac Seul reveals utilitarian identification which overlaps with
morphological identification. A signincant aspect of the data is the percentage
of polytypic folk genera. Polytypic folk genera are usually about 18%o f the
total folk genera in hortidtural groups and 2% of the totaï folk genera for
foragers. At Lac Seul, the polytypic folk genera are 9%w hich shows a higher
differentiation of folk genera than for most hwiter-gathering people. Certain
ubiquitous s@es have the same name at Lac Seul as in other Algonkian
dialects ranging geographically from northem Saskatchewan to western
Quebec.
PAGE
TABLES
FIGURES
2.0 BACKGROUND TO THE SI'UDY
2.1 GEOGRAPHICSETITNG
2.2 GEOPHYSICAL FEATURES AND CUMATE
23 VEGETATTON
2.4 THE OJIBWAY (ANISHINABE) OF LAC SEUL
3.0 MATERIALÇ AND METHODS
4.1 SUPER LEE-FORM, LllE-FORM AND
CULTURAL UFE-FORM RANKTAXA
4.2 mTERMEDIATE AND V-L RANK TAXA
4.3 GENERIC RANK TAXA
4.3.1 FOLK GENERA IN THE COVERT LEE-
FORM TAXA "C0NIFER1"
"ANGTOSPERMT REES1'
PAGE
4-3.2 GENERIC TAXA IN THE LIFE-FORM. - 51
AAIIG, "SHR'IJB"
4.3.3 GENERIC TAXA IN THE LEE-FORM 51
AASAAGAAKZIK, HERBACEOUS PLANTÇ,
FERNS AND FERN AILES
4.3.4 GENERIC TAXA IN THE THREE 52
CULTURAL m-FORMS
4.3.5 GENERIC TAXA IN THE LEZ-FORM 53
GAAMIG, TK)SS"M
4.3.6 UNAFFIUATED GENERIC TAXA 53
4.4 SPECIFTC RANK TAXA 56
4-41 THE LAC SEUL BEAR SCROLL IN THE 56
FOLK C-rCATION SYSEM
4.5 SIMZLAR PLANT NAMES IN OTHER OJIi3WAY 59
AND CREE DIALECIS
5.0 DISCUSSION 64
5.1 NORniERN OJIBWAYE THNOBOTANICAL 64
CLASSlFICATION
5.2 -CE AND FOLK SPECDS 68
~~
5.3 NOT DOMESLlCATION TL
5.4 THE LAC SEUL BEAR SCROLL 76
5.5 THE LAC ÇEUL DATA AND BERLIN'S 79
PRINCIPLES OF FOLK C-7CATiOlSl
5.6 TURNER AND UTILITARIANL IFE-FORMS 85
6.0 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 87
LITERATUREC3ITED 90
APPENDIX I - VOUCHER SPECIMENS COLLECTED IN 95
M CS EUL,O NTARIO,U PPER ENGLISH RIVER REGION