La Bibbia dei pagani. Quadro storico

428 Pages·1997·7.362 MB·Italian

by  Giancarlo Rinaldi

Ilr apporttroac ristiea pnaig annie ip rimqiu attsreoc oèld ii s oliatfo­
frontaptroi vilegiiannb daos,ea ll'esperdieelnlznaau ovar eligioinle ,
concetdtiop ersecuzione/tolTlaelreia mnpzoas.t aziporniev ileigli a
rapporitsot ituzicoonnal l'ea mministradzeiloln'eI mpmeernot,r lea
reazipoangeac noain volislce o mplesmsoon do declullat urraa,p pre­
sentatsoo prattudtatifo iloes doafil ie tterati.
La presenrtiec ericand, u veo luamnial,i zizd ao cumenet lie t estimo­
nianzceh ec it rasmettgolnaio rgomuesnatdtiaip ia gacnoin ticr roi ­
stiea,in npi a rticolcaoren,ti lrl oor uos od ellBai bbiinq au,an ttoe sto
autorevdoellel fae deI.nt amlo doi lc onflitttropa a ganesiemc or istia­
nesimnoe is ecoIlIiI- V dell'Impèea rlol argnaetlol pae rcezidoinu en
conflittrtaod ueu nivercsuil turali.
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oppositpoargia nailc ristianees diemlola er gomentazdiaol noir sov i­
luppatIels. e condo vToelseutd mioe c-umepnrtesie-n7t1a5b randii
autori paganiin,d iccoanz iboinbel iogradfiri ecpae rimenatmob,i en­
tazionset orico-letet etrraardiuaz iointea liana.
Ilt uttcoo stituuinsv caes tcoa pitosluol lsoc onttrrola a c ultucrlaa ssica,
lat radizione gei luadf aeidceca r istiUann ac.a pitodlaro i vedepreer,­
chég lsit orici hannoa ppfrinoofroan dliadt ooc umentazipoanter istica
er abbiniicnpa i,c coplaar tqeu elglnao stiqcuaa,sn ii entqeu elplaag ana.
GIANCARRILNOA LnDaItoa, N apolnie 1l952s,i è l aureaitnFo i losonfei1la9 74
conu nat esiin R eligiodneilm ondo classico.
Ha lavoractoom ea ssistente lpaCr aetstseod driaS torigar ecea r omannae l­
l'Univerdseigtlsàit uddiiN apol«iF ederiIcIo»e successivamceonmtere i cer­
catorper essiolD iparti{IldeinD tios ciplsitnoer ic(sheez ionSet udsit orico­
relig)i.oÈ s dia1l994i ns ervizpireos so l'Istituto OUrniievnetrasdliiNeta a­rio
poliL.a suas pecializzaèzl iaso tnoer rieal igidoeslal 'Impreormoa noc onp ar­
ticolare riagluc arridsot ianeasnitmioc o.
È statVoi sitiPnrgo fessparre sslo' EuropeNaanz arenBei blCeo llegee n egli
USA.È presidednetlel Cao nfederazinoanzei onadleel lUen iverspiotpào lari
itali(aCnNeU PI).D al1994è m embrod elC onsigldiior ettdievlolS ao cietà Bi­
blician I talia.
Ha pubblicartioc ercshuel lsee guenrtiiv isstcei entifSiiclheen:Ko o,i nonia,
AugustiniaAnnunma,l diis tordieal l'eseSgeersvii,t iOurmp,h euRsi,v isBtiab li­
caI taliana, Vetera Christianoruem i,n olPtrhroaetp uebsbtlainctBaeits­oi mo
bliGae ntiuPmr.i moc ontribpuetruo n indidceel lcei tazidoeniri i,f erimee nti
dellael lusiaolnlBiai bbiiana utopraig angir,e ceil atidniei t àim periaRloem,a
1989;L e settlee ttedreel l'ApocadliiG: sisoev annPir.o blesmtio riec tie stùiìo­
nianzaer cheologiRcohmea1, 9 84.
Inc operti«nAal:ex amenaodso r(ai ls uo)D io»è las critcthaea ccompagqnuae straa ffi­
guraziocnaer icatupraaglaen dai u nc risticahneov enercao nu nb aciuon c rocifcisosnlo a
testda' asinIolg. r affriitsoa alleI IsIe colo de.dèC s .t attor ovaat oR oma nelp aedago­
giumd elP alatino.
ISBN8 8-10-40265-0
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collLaAnB aI BBNIEAL LSA TORIA
diredtaGt iau seBparpbea glio
Lac ollsaicn aar attpeerurin zlaze at truirgao rossatmoerdnietcleal e
Scristatcu,err beer aeic cirhset iAa qnuee.ss tcoo ipl oi,bb riib loilctcirh,ee
comdeo cumdeifnd eteis, a rapnrneos ecnotmeaest pir esdsidi eotneer mina­
taim biesnttoir ico-pcuundltitai ur rrdaiilvu ionl, u onc gammidnieo s pe­
rienszieg nifeid civa itvtierv aed itzeisiotnnici e,s sanrtielmeeer tnett­ie
interpdraee btraeetd iia c ristiani.
Sip resupcpholenar e e ligbiiobnlseiie casa s enzilaelgmaaeu tnnata e
stoerc ihaies uloiib rin ess iaacpnreodir,e finilzteie osnteai,nm zosenc irit­
teP.id ùav icicsnieo m,b freac ocnrdiot ienrtieor prlecato amtpiriveoonn se,
criticvaamgelnditeaeltB laia,b biinatc eosmafe r udtetlsolt aod rIiis ar aee le
delplrei micsosmiumneci rtiàs stuisacndieat laflteaedi enG esdùiN azaret
ei,n sipeamreso,el map drine u oavsoc olep traotcal admaalgtleaen erazioni
cristeidea bnrea idceshiee c poolsit -biblici.
Idli retdteolcrloeal liac noal,l abeol racaa tseoadr iit sraiis cseu mioln o
preciimspoe dgino off rviorleuc maip daica ib binaalsrleear isectiàe ntifica
und ettpaitaoen a oc cesasu inbv ialsept uob blico.
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6.L al etteirnatteurrtae st(aMmC.ei nmato:a1s r99i2a)
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15.L aB ibbnieal l'acnrtiiscth(iiacat unàrda ai E .N orelli)
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16L.a B ibbnieMale dio(eacv uord aiG .C remas-Cc.oL leiona1r99d6i):
17.L aB ibbnieal l'meopdoecrneaac ontempo(raca unrdeaiRa . F abris:
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19L.a B ibbdieai pal. gQaunaid.sr too r(iGcR.oi na1l99d8i):
20L.a Bidbebpiia ag aIl.n iT.e setd io cum(eGnR.ti in a1l99d8i):
GiancarRlion aldi
LA BIBBIA
DEI PAGANI
I
Quadrsot orico
EDIZIODENHIO NIABNOE LOGNA
INCO PERTINA:« Alexaamdeon(roisaslu oD)io »èl as crcihtaetc ac ompagna
qutears affuirgazicoarniec aptaugradaniula ne c ristcihvaeen noec rouann
bacuinco r fosicsicoo lnat esdat'iasn Ilo g.ar ftfoir isaalill/se e cdoC.l.eo d è
stattroo vato naep laR eodmaag odgePilau lma tino.
1997C enterdoi todreihaolnei ano
©
ViNao sad6e l4-l01a2,B3 ol ogna
ISB8N81 0--40265-0
StamGpraa:f iDcehhoenn ieBa,ol og1n99a8
Abbreviazioni
PUBLBICAZIPOENRII ODICHE
AAT Attdie llRae gAicac adedmeilSalc ei edniTz oer ino
AB Anaelcta Bollandiana
AbhLpezigier AbhanldungdeenSr ii chsiAskcahdeendm eiWrei ssen­
schtaefLne.i pzig
AC L' AntiqCulisatiséq ue
AÉ L'Annéépeipg hraique
AEHE V" Annuraedi elÉ 'coplrea tiqHuaeu tÉdetesus d V"e ss,e c­
tioSne,R. e lig
AHR AmeriHciasnt oRreivciaelw
AJAH AmeriJcoaunrn aAln coifHe instt ory
AJPh AmeriJcoaunrn oaflP h ilology
AJRSeevwi AssociafotrJi eowni Ssthu dRieevsi ew
AJhT AmeriJcoaunrn oaflT h eology
AmerSPtaupd AmeriSctaund iinPe asp yrology
AncSoc AnciSeoncti ety
APAW Abhanldungdeeknrg Plr.e ussAiksacdheedmnei Wrei s­
sensfcthena
APF ArchfiuvPra pyorurssfchung
A&R AetneeR oma
ArchPap Archfii1vPr apyorurssfchung
'AQX·' E.cp 'AQxawÀo'ycpEtTJxfl�E (Ilç
ARW ArchivP apfyuorrur ssfchuunndvg e rwandte Gebiete
ASE AnnadliSi t odreilal 'Esegesi
ASNP AnnadleilS lcau oNloar madliPe is a
AuC Antike und Christentum
AugSt AugutsinSitaund ies
AusCaRec AustralCaastihaRonel ciocr d
BA BiblAirccah[a eologist
BAGB BulldeetlA i'sns ociGa.Bt uidoén
BAR BiblAirccah[oa geyRo elview
BASOR Bulloeftt ihAnem eriSccahnso o ofOl rieRnetsae[a rch
BCH BulldeetC ionr proensdaHnecleil qéune
BenMschr BenediktMionniastcsfhstz ecu Phrflre igree liguinOds en
geistLiegbeenn s
5
Bibl Bibcali
BiLeb BibuenldL eben
BiRes BiblRiecesaa/r ch
BLE BulldeetL iint térEactculrées iastique
BSAF Bulledteil naS ocidéetAsén tiqudaeFi rarnecse
BulsrExp/BSuolcl oeftt ihlnes rEaxpell oraStoicoine ty
Byzl ByzanJtoiunrnea l
ByzS/av Byzantinoslavica.d eRéset vuubdeye zsia nnt­ernationale
tines
ByzZ ByzantiZneiistcrsihfcethn
BZ BibliZsecihtresi fcth
ccc CiviClltaàs esC ircias tiana
CE ChrondiÉq'guyetpe
C&M ClasestiM cead iaevalia
ChH ChurHcihs tory
CISA Contrdieblult'iI dsiSt tiotrauintato i dce'alnU lirvseità
CattodleiSlca ac Cruoo rdeiM ilano
Cl ClassJiocuarn/a l
CPh ClassPihcial/o logy
CQ ClassQiucraat/e rly
CQR ChurQcuhra teRrelvyi ew
CR ClassRiecvai/e w
CRAIBL Comprteesn dduel s' AcaddeéIsmn isec rnisepB tte iloles­
Lettres
CrSt Cristianesstiomroi an ella
cw TheC lassWiocral/d
DHA DialodgH'uiesst Aonicriee nne
DLZ DeucthsLei teratufruKzrr eiidtteiuirknn gt ernationalen
Wissefnts cha
DOP DumbartOoankP sa pers
DR DowindsRee evwi
DRu n DeucthsReu ndschau
E&W Easatn dW est
EHR EnglHiisstho rRiecvaile w
ET ExpsoitToiremys
ETL EphemerThiedoelso gLiocvaaen ienses
GIF GiornaIatllei dainF oi lolRoigvtiiata sr.i medsict ruall­e
tura
GRBS Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies
HAR HebrAenwn uRae[ev wi
HStC/Ph HarvaSrtdu diinCe lsa ssPihcial/o logy
HThR HarvaTrhedo logRiecvaile w
HUCA HebrUenwi oCno llAengneau /
lntRevMisIsn ternaRteiovnioaefMlw i ssion
JbCA Ja hrbfilurcA hn ti&k Ceh ristentum
JEH JournalE ccolfe siHaissttoircya /
JJP Journoafl Juristic Papyrology
6
JJS Journoafl JeSwtiusdhi es
JQR JewiQsuhra teRrelvyi ew
JR JouronfaR ell igion
JRS Journal oSft uRdoimeasn
JSJ TheJ ournfaorlt hSet uodfy Judaism
JSNT Journfaorlt hSet uodfyt he TNeetswa ment
JThS JournoaflT h eologSitcuadli es
LÉC LeÉst udCelssa isques
MB MuséeB eige
MC om MiscelCaonmeialR leavsis.dt eea s tuhdiisots6 ricos
MGWJ MonsastrcihffiirtG eschiucnhdWt iese snsfctdh eaJsu ­
dentums
MH MuseuHme lveticum
MHA MemiorasH isdteo Arniiatg ua
MSR MélandgeSe cs ieRneclei gieuse
MilTZ MilncheTnheeorl ogZiesictrhsiefc th
NAWG NachridcehArtk eand edmeiWreis senfstceihnnGa ottin­
genP,h il-oHlis.tK .l asse
ND NuovDoi dascaleion
NKZ NeuKei rchZleiicthfsetc hri
NT NuovoTes tamento
NTS NewT etsameSnttu dies
o c OrieCnhsr istiHaenffutiisedr. i Keu nddeec sh rishtelni c
Orients
OrChrP OrienCtharliisaPt eirainoad ica
os LO'rieSnytr ien
PCA Procegesod fti hnCel aiscsAas!s ociation
·
PdP LaP arodleaPl a ssato
POC ProcOhrei eCnhtr étien
ProrciBctaAd ProceeditnhBgers i tAoisfcah d emy
QC QuadeCrnait anesi
REi RevuBei blique
RC Revucreii qtude' histeotdi elr iet térature
RÉA RevdueeÉs t udAensc iennes
RÉAug RevudeeÉs t udAeugsu stiniennes
RecuAg Rehcercahuegsus tiniennes
RecSR RecherdceSh ceise Rneclei gieuse
RÉG RevueÉ tduedsGe rse cques
RÉJ RevdueeÉs t udJeusi ves
RÉL RevueÉ tduedLsea st eisn
Re/StR ReligSitouusdR ieevsi ew
Re/Stud ReligSitouudsi es
RenPdA.R A Atdteil Ploatn icfiAiacc adeRmoimaa dniAa r cheologia;
s.II Ir,e ndiconti
RET Resvtieaps afwldaeT eologia
ReBven RevuBeén édictine
7
RFC RisvtidaiF ilolColgaisas ica
RFIC RividsiFt ial oleodIg sitzari uoCnlea ssica
RFN RisvtidaiF ilfoisNaoe oscolastica
RH Revhuies torique
RHDFE Revuhei stodreiD qruofeiar tn çsoe ité tranger
RHE Revduhe'i steocicrleé siastique
RhM RheiniMsucsheeusm
RHPhR RevudHe'i steotid rePe h ilosRoeplhiigei euses
RHR Revudeel H 'istdoeiRsre el igions
RicStBib RicerScthoerB iicbol iche
RicStRel RicerdciSh teo rReilai giosa
RIL Rendicdoenltli' ILsotmibrtaduoCt,lo a sdsiLe e ttere,
Sciemnozreae ls it oriche
RivCA RisvtidaiA rcheoClroigsitai ana
RivBib RisvtiBai blIitlcaiaa na
ROC Revudeel o 'ricehnrté tien
RPAA RendicdoenlPltoaitn iifcAicac adedmiAi rac hleoogia
RPh Revpuhei lologique
RQA RomisQcuhraet arlisffciirthc hrisAtltleircthuem skunde
unfdii Kri rchengeschichte
RQH Revdueeqs u esthiiosntso riques
RR RevuRéeof rmée
RSA Risvtisat ordieclal 'antichità
RSCI RisvtidaiS todreilal a iCnIh tiaelsiaa
RSI RiviSsttoarI itlcaiaa na
RSLR RivisdtiSa t oerL ieat terRaetluirgai osa
RSPh RevudeeSs c iePnhceislp ohsioqeuteT hsé ologiques
RSR RevudeeSs c ieRnecleisg ieuses
RStCl Rivtiad siS tuCdlia ssici
RThPh RevudeeTh éoloegtdi eeP hilpohsioe
RUB Revudeel 'nUievrsdietB érx uelles
SAB SitzungsdbeeDrre iucthstAcekh aedne dmeiWrei ss­en
scahtfeznu B ern/ i
SCI Scripta ICrslaaelsisciac a
Scuole LaS cuoClaat tolica
SDHI StudeitDa o cumeHnisttao reitIa uer is
Sec C TheS ecoCnedn tury
SEG SuplpemenEtpiugmpr haicGurma ecum
SEJG SacErriusd Jiarair.b oeGko dvsodoire nstwetenschappen
SIFC Stuidtia ldiifal inoil ocgliaas sica
SMSR Studmia tee rdiisa tloidr eilarl egeli ioni
so SymboOlsaleo enses
StPatr StudPiaat ristica
StStor StuSdtio rici
SthT StudTiheao logica
Th&Gl TheolougnidGe l aube
8
T BhI TheologBislciihtet er
ThLZ TheologLiistcehrea turzeitung
ThQ TheologQiusacrhtea flt schri
ThSK TheologSistcuhdeui nedKn r itiken
Th Z TheologZiesicthfsetc hri
TPAPhilolATsrasn sacatniPdor nosc eeodfti hnAegm se riPchainl olo­
gicAasls ociation
TS TheologSitcuadli es
VD VerbDuomm ini
VetChr VeteCrhar istianorum
VigChr VigiClhiraiset ianae
ViPe ViteaP ensiero
VT VetTuess mteantum
ZKG ZeitrsiffciithKr irchengeschichte
ZKTh ZeitrsiffciithKr atholTihesoclhoeg ie
ZNTW ZeitrsiffciithNr eutaemsetntlWiiscsheenfs tc ha
ZPE ZeitrsiffciithrP apyroluongdEip ieg prahik
ZPhF ZeitrsiffciithPr hilpohsiosFcohsrec hung
ZTK ZeitrsiffciithrT heolougnidKe i rche
ZWT Zeitrsiffciithwr is senfsltcihcTahheeo logie
1
VOLUMIC,O LLEZISOANIGI,GV A RI
ADLE= RM .A DELR«,T heem peJruolrai nadn Jtehwesi »nJ, Q R5 1(983),
59-1615
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perortshI eVo 'Cfhe ntuirnDyi >sP>sa,.n n,os ne.rIiI7e,B, udape13s9t7
ALLA=R DP .A LLAJRuDl,il Ae'pno stPaatr1,i09 s6- 1109,3 v oli.
ALTANE= RB .A LTANPEaRt,r oltorig.tiT .ao,,r i4n91o6 879,17 7
ALHTEI=M F .A LTHE-IRM.S TJE«HNLe,wF ragmeonfGt rese Pkh ilo­
soph.eI rlPs.ro phyirnAy r abaindc S yriTarca nslaitnEi &oW n >>,
131(692)3,- 15
1 Leb ibglriaopfriees einnqt uaetsleta ovn oorhona npnroe tdeics oem pletezza
(esisbtiobnloi ocgormapfl);iee ets esi?en,v, ep ceersegpuiroùen aol,i stiiflci anmee nte,
dell'puetirill le itttCàoh rsiec .rè ig vrea atloDl iaer zioendae lp ersodnealslleee­
guepnrteis teib geifnou snez ionantdii R obmisabe lnilzoacat u feirc ehqeu entazione
quesrtiace sracraes btbaietr ar ealPioznztaibIfisiltceiBi:tbio ul tiDoce ou,t sAcrh­es
chiiologIinssctIhinetssut ti,Pt auttruimAs utgitucisunmi aAnbubmad,ziS i aaNn i lao
Grottaferrata.
Èe vidcehnietll ee tdteosried earmopsloei daad rgieg ioirplna anroerb aimbal io­
grafqiucaioc cenfnaarrtiàoc oarcisl oa srseipceiru ttioizrlziap beiirr l eil asteitvtio ri.
Stubdiib lEilceinc:Bh iubsl iogrBaipbhliimccouunsmd c;ol asAsnincépoeh: i lologi­
ques;t updait riBsitbilicoig:Pr aatprhiLisaatr iicvaAi.ns ntaadl iSi t odreilasl e'gEesi
costiutnusoi tsrcuem deian gtgoi ornaamnecnbhtieoob glriaifniidcsop enpsearb ile
quesàtmob idtiiosp calri.en
9