Joints in Steel Construction. Simple joints to eurocode 3

484 Pages·4.793 MB·English

Joints in steel construction:
simple Joints to
eurocode 3
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undertake the design, fabrication and erection of steelwork for all forms of construction in building and
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The British Constructional Steelwork Association Limited, 4 Whitehall Court, London, SW1A 2ES.
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Publication P358
Joints in Steel Construction

Simple Joints to Eurocode 3

Jointly published by:
The Steel Construction Institute The British Constructional Steelwork
Silwood Park Association Limited
Ascot 4 Whitehall Court
SL5 7QN London SW1A 2ES
Tel: [phone] Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone] Fax: [phone]
Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected]
Website: www.steel-sci.com Website: www.steelconstruction.org
 The Steel Construction Institute and The British Constructional Steelwork Association 2014
Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study or criticism or review, as permitted under the
Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this publication may not be reproduced, stored, or transmitted, in any form
or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction
only in accordance with the terms of the licences issued by the UK Copyright Licensing Agency, or in accordance with
the terms of licences issues by the appropriate Reproduction Rights Organisation outside the UK.
Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the terms stated here should be sent to the publishers, at the addresses
given on the title page.
Although care has been taken to ensure, to the best of our knowledge, that all data and information contained herein
are accurate to the extent that they relate to either matters of face or accepted practice or matters of opinion at the
time of publication, The Steel Construction Institute, The British Constructional Steelwork Association Limited, the
authors and any other contributor assume no responsibility for any errors in or misinterpretations of such data and/or
information or any loss or damage arising from or related to their use.
Publications supplied to Members of SCI and BCSA at a discount are not for resale by them.

Publication Number: SCI P358 ISBN: 978-1-85942-201-4
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data.
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
ii
FOREWORD
This publication is one of a series of “Green Books” that cover a range of steelwork connections. This
publication provides guidance for nominally pinned joints that primarily carry vertical shear and, as an accidental
limit state, tying forces, designed in accordance with Eurocode 3 and its UK National Annexes.
This publication is cited in the UK National Annex: joints designed in accordance with the principles within this
publication can be classed as nominally pinned without calculation.
A companion publication (published in 2012) covers moment-resisting joints.
Guidance for nominally pinned joints designed in accordance with BS 5950 is available in publication P212
Joints in Steel Construction; Simple Connections.
The major changes in scope compared to P212 are:
● Double angle cleats are omitted from the current publication, as it was felt they are not commonly used
in the UK.
● A new full depth end plate (i.e. welded to both flanges) has been introduced, which offers a significantly
increased tying resistance compared to a partial depth end plate.
● The tying resistance of partial depth end plates is calculated using Eurocode provisions. The revised
design model results in an increased tying resistance compared to P212.
BS EN 1993-1-8 has clear definitions for connections and joints: the terms ‘joint’ and ‘connection’ refer to the
zone where members are interconnected and to the location where elements meet, respectively. In this
publication, the distinction in terminology is not emphasised and “connection” is used more generally, reflecting
traditional practice in the UK.

This publication was produced under the guidance of the BCSA/SCI Connections Group, which was established
in 1987 to bring together academics, consulting engineers and steelwork contractors to work on the
development of authoritative design guides for steelwork connections.
iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The BCSA/SCI Connections Group members (2014) comprise:

Mike Banfi Arup
David Brown SCI
Tom Cosgrove BCSA
Peter Gannon Severfield (UK) Ltd
Ana Girao Coelho University of Warwick
Bob Hairsine CADS Ltd
Alastair Hughes Consultant
Fergal Kelly Peter Brett Associates
Abdul Malik SCI
Robert Moisey Severfield (Design & Build) Ltd
David Moore BCSA
Chris Morris Tata Steel
David Nethercot Imperial College
Alan Pillinger Bourne Construction Engineering Ltd
Alan Rathbone CSC UK Ltd (Chairman)
Roger Reed Consultant
Clive Robinson Tekla
Gary Simmons William Hare Ltd
Mark Tiddy Cooper & Turner Limited
Robert Weeden Caunton Engineering Ltd

The primary drafter of this publication was Edurne Nunez Moreno, with assistance from Cyrill Tarbé (both
formerly of SCI) and David Brown. Abdul Malik provided additional guidance.
The revisions in the 2014 reprint include revised tying resistances for full depth end plates for deeper beams,
revised resistances for RHS bases, an additional example using blind bolts, revised guidance for bracing
connections and typographical corrections. The revisions were completed by David Brown. Revisions are
marked with a black line in the margin.
iv
PICTORIAL INDEX

Partial depth end plates
Pages 10 - 82
Tables G.1 - G.7
Full depth end plates
Pages 83 - 107
Tables G.8 - G.14
Fin plates
Pages 108 - 171
Tables G.15 - G.21
Column splices
Pages 172 - 235
Tables G.22 - G.29
Bracing connections
Pages 258 - 264
Column bases
Pages 236 - 257
Tables G.30 - G.35
v
CONTENTS
PAGE
Foreword iii 
Acknowledgements iv 
Pictorial Index v 
1  Introduction 1 
1.1  About this publication 1 
1.2  Joint considerations 1 
1.3  Exchange of information 2 
1.4  Costs 2 
1.5  Sustainability 3 
1.6  Major symbols 4 
2  Standardised connections 5 
2.1  The benefits of standardisation 5 
2.2  Components 6 
2.3  Geometry 6 
3  Beam to beam and beam to column connections 9 
3.1  Introduction 9 
4  End plates 10 
4.1  Introduction 10 
4.2  Practical considerations 10 
4.3  Recommended geometry 12 
4.4  Design 13 
4.5  Design procedures for partial depth end plates 13 
4.6  Worked examples with partial depth end plates 31 
4.7  Design procedures for full depth end plates 83 
4.8  Worked examples with full depth end plates 96 
5  Fin plates 108 
5.1  Introduction 108 
5.2  Practical considerations 109 
5.3  Recommended geometry 109 
5.4  Design 111 
5.5  Design procedures 113 
5.6  Worked examples 136 
6  Column splices 172 
6.1  Introduction 172 
6.2  Practical considerations 173 
6.3  Recommended geometry 174 
6.4  Design 174 
6.5  Design procedures for cover plate splices for I section columns – Bearing type 175 
6.6  Design procedures for cover plate splices for I columns –Non-bearing type 184 
6.7  Design procedures for hollow section ‘cap and base’ splices in tension 197 
6.8  Design procedures for CHS end plate splice in tension 202 
6.9  Worked examples 208 
7  Column bases 236 
7.1  Introduction 236 
7.2  Practical considerations 236 
7.3  Recommended geometry 238 
7.4  Design 239 
7.5  Design procedures 240 
7.6  Worked examples 245

vi
8  Bracing connections 258 
8.1  Introduction 258 
8.2  Angles, channels and flats 258 
8.3  Hollow sections 259 
8.4  Gusset plates 259 
8.5  Buckling resistance 261 
8.6  Large bracing forces 264 
8.7  Effects of bracing connections on joint performance 264 
9  Special connections 265 
9.1  Introduction 265 
10  References 274 
Appendix A  Structural integrity 277 
A.1  General 277 
A.2  Prying and tying forces 277 
Appendix B  Tying resistance of partial depth and full depth end plates 278 
B.1  Partial depth end plates 278 
B.2  Full depth end plates 278 
Appendix C  Welds for end plate and fin plate connections 279 
C.1  Basic rules 279 
C.2  End plate welds subject to shear 279 
C.3  Fin plate welds 280 
C.4  Alternative weld design 280 
Appendix D  Thermal drilling of hollow sections 281 
D.1  Introduction 281 
D.2  Drilling tool and process 281 
D.3  Application & limitations 281 
D.4  Further information 282 
Appendix E  Hollo-bolt connections to hollow sections 283 
E.1  introduction 283 
E.2  Installation 283 
E.3  Material options 284 
E.4  Sealing options 284 
E.5  Further information 284 
Appendix F  Blind bolt connections to hollow sections 285 
F.1  Introduction 285 
F.2  Installation 285 
F.3  Material 285 
F.4  Bolt resistances 285 
F.5  Further information 285 
Appendix G  Resistance tables; Material strengths; Fastener resistances; Dimensions for detailing;
Section dimensions and properties T - 1 
Appendix H  Section designations T - 183 
H.1  Introduction T - 183 
H.2  Open sections T - 183 
H.3  Hollow sections T - 183 

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