John Foster Dulles: The Road to Power

599 Pages·1982·10.056 MB·English

by  Ronald W. Pruessen

John Foster Dulles

John Foster Dulles
The Road to Power
Ronald W. Pruessen
THE FREE PRESS
A Division of Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc.
N ew York
Collier Macmillan Publishers
London
Copyright © 1982 by The Free Press
A Division of Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage
and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the
Publisher.
The Free Press
A Division of Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc.
866 Third Avenue, New York, N. Y. 10022
Collier Macmillan Canada, Inc.
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 81-69264
Printed in the United States of America
printing number
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Pruessen, Ronald W.
John Foster Dulles: the road to power.
Bibliography: p.
Includes index.
1. Dulles, John Foster, 1888-1959. 2. Statesmen—
United States—Biography. I. Title.
E748.D868P78 973.921'092'4 [B] 81-69264
ISBN 0-02-925460-4 (v. 1) AACR2
Excerpts from the papers of John Foster Dulles are published with the permission of the Princeton
University Library and the John Foster Dulles Committee.
Pages 153-163 and 175: Excerpts from John Foster Dulles, “The Road to Peace,” Atlantic Monthly, 156
(October 1935). Reprinted by permission of The Atlantic Monthly Company.
Pages 157, 159, 161-162, 171, and 175: Excerpts from John Foster Dulles, War, Peace and Change.
Copyright 1939 by Harper & Row, Publishers, Inc. Reprinted by permission of the publisher.
For Alice

Contents
Acknowledgments ix
Introduction xi
1. Roots, 1888-1911 1
2. Wall Street and Washington: 1911-1918 14
3. Dulles and the Paris Peace Conference, 1919 29
4. Dulles as Lawyer, 1919-1929 58
5. A World View Takes Shape, 1919-1929 76
6. Dulles as Lawyer, 1930-1939 106
7. Depression, 1929-1934 133
8. “To Occasionally Philosophize”: 1934-1939 153
9. The War Years, 1939-1945: Church... 178
10. The War Years, 1939-1945:... and State 218
11. Putting on the Cold War Armor, 1945-1946 259
12. Focus on Europe, 1945-1948:1 298
13. Focus on Europe, 1945-1948:11 331
14. Campaigns, Crises, and Limbo, 1948-1949 355
15. Focus on the United Nations, 1945-1950 404
16. Focus on Eastern Asia, 1950-1952:1 432
17. Focus on Eastern Asia, 1950-1952:11 461
Conclusion 499
Notes 511
Selected, Annotated Bibliography 561
Index 565
vii

Acknowledgments
I owe many debts of gratitude to those who offered help during the re­
search and writing of this book; some of these I have already thanked per­
sonally. Some deserve special mention. My warm thanks:
To what seems like an endless number of librarians in many places,
most particularly those in the Manuscripts Division of the Princeton Uni­
versity Library for years of help with the John Foster Dulles Papers;
To the John Foster Dulles Committee for permission to quote from
materials in the John Foster Dulles Papers;
To the Canada Council and the Humanities and Social Sciences Re­
search Committee at the University of Toronto, for the financial support
needed to visit important manuscript collections;
To several historians who have made advice and assistance available
so regularly: Thomas C. Cochran, whose kind concern for former gradu­
ate students goes on as long as his distinguished career; Walter LaFeber,
whose interest and expertise he is so willing to have tapped; and, most of
all, Gabriel Kolko, who has offered a model of a humane and engaged
scholarly career to many who have worked with him;
IX
John Foster Dulles: The Road to Power
To my colleagues Bruce White, Claire La Vigna, Bill Berman and Ken
McNaught, for creating a congenial, supportive, and stimulating environ­
ment at the University of Toronto: I have worked where those qualities
did not exist and have deep appreciation for them now;
To Charlie Smith at The Free Press, for endless understanding; to
Laura Wolff at the The Free Press, for valued suggestions;
To Sam Lieberstein, a friend whose great reservoirs of humor and
ideas have meant so much for so long;
To Linda, Michael, and Caroline, for slowing me down, but keeping
me going: a contradiction I would not have understood before you were
all here, but which I love living with now;
And most of all to Alice, for the typing that was helpful... and for the
patience and love that were essential.