Jinnah: Creator of Pakistan

257 Pages·1953·18.09 MB·English

by  Hector Bolitho

JINNAH
CreatoorfP akistan
*
BY HECTOR BOLITHO
Failiusra e w orudn knotwon
me.
MOHAMMED ALI JINNAH.
*
LONDON
JOHN MURRAY, ALBEMARLE STREE T, W.
MOHAMMEDA LIJ INNAAHN DH ISS ISTEMRI,S FSA TIMJAI NNAH
Fr011tispiue
Firsi Edition
Great BbryBi utaintl er & Tanner Ltd., Frome and London
Printedin
andPu blishl>edy J ohn Murray (Publiahen) Ltd.
CONTENTS
PAGE
PartB OYHOOIDNK ARACHI 3
1.
A STUDEINNTL ONDON 8
THEY OUNAGD VCOATE 14
THEY OUNGP OLITICIAN 22
PartT ALOKF A LEXANDER 31
2.
BACKGROUFNODRP AKISTAN 36
l90-6I910 44
191-0lI93 49
ANE SSAIYNF RIENDSHIP 54
' '
A GENTLEMAONFR ECOGNIPZOESDI TION 59
THEL UCKNOPWA CT 6I
GANDHI, ANNIEB ESANATN,D EDWINS AMUEL
MONTAGU 67
•
Par3t. J INN'ASI-r SECONMDA ruUAGE:1 9I8 73
THEY EAROSF D ISILLUSIONMENT 78
1921-2189 86
' '
THE PARTIONFGT HEW AYS 92
EXILE1 93-01934 96
:
Pa4r.tR ETURTNO I NDIA1:9 53-9137. 109
193-71939 I5I
'
1940: PAKISTAN 125
•
Pa5r.t A BIRTHDPARYE SENT
1940-1942
I492-9144:A N ASSASSANIDNT ,H ED OCTORS 141
1944 JINNAGHA,N DHAIN,D L IAQUAAUT KH AN 148
:
v
S51.2560
CONTENTS
PAGE
Par6t. 1 945-1946 157
1946-1947 167
Par7t. 1947P ARTITION 177
:
Par8t. F LIGHTI NTO KARACHI 193
THE BRITONSW HO STAYED 199
IN THE GARDEN 210
ZIARATA,N D THE LASTT ASK 214
THE LASTD AYS 219
Bibliography 228
Index. 229
vi
ILLUSTRATIONS
FACING
PAGE
MOHAMMED ALIJ INNAHA ND HISS ISTERM,I SSF ATIMAJ INNAH
Frontispiece
'
THE HOUSE IN NEWNHAM ROAD-JINNAHS BIRTHPLACE 4
THE SINDM ADRASAH SCHOOL,K ARACHI • 6
M. A. JINNAH,A BOUT THE TIME OF HIS SECOND MARRIAGE 73
PANDITJ AWAHARLALN EHRU AND M. A. JINNAH,A T SIMLA,
IN I94•6 114
M. A. JINNAHA ND MAHATMA GANDHI,I N 1944 151
M. A. JINNAHA ND LIAQUATA LIKHAN , IN 1947 151
MISSF ATIMAJ INNAH,M . A.J INNAH, LIAQUATA LIK HAN AND
BEGUM LIAQUATA LIKHAN • 166
M. A.J INNAHA DDRESSINMGU SLIML EAGUEM EETING,KIN GS-
WAY HALL, DECEMBER1 946 166
,
LORD MOUNTBATTENL ISTENINTGO MR JINNAHS INAUGURAL
SPEECHA S THE FIRSTG OVERNOR-GENERAOLF PAKISTAN
AUGUST1 41,9 47. 198
'
KARACHI : THE DAY OF MOHAMMED ALIJ INNAHS BURIAL• 226
Vll
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
URINGt het woy eaIrh sa vsep einn tw ritintgh ibso okI,
havvei sibtoetPdha kisatnaIdnn diaan,dh a vsep okteosn o me
D
twoh undrpeedo pwlheok neMwo hammeAlid J innaMhy.
record liofefa nhdai csh ievewmilelnI,th opep,r ovmey gratitude
tot hemA. fullli osftt heniarm ewso ulsde rnv·epo u rpobsuetI,
wisthom entisoonm weh oh avhee lpmeedw itpha rticular problems
in my work.
Jinnaehar'lsyy e arassa, l awyienrB ombawye,r dee scrtiobm eed
byS iCro wasJjeehean gMirr ,M otilaSle talfovramde,Ar d vocate­
GeneroafBl o mbayMr, G.N .J oshMir, K anjDiw arkadaansd,
RajaShir M aharSainjg hfo,r meGro vernoorfB ombay.
Thosweh oh elpmeedw itthh yee aorfsJ innapho'lsi tisctarlu ggle
inclBuedgeu Lmi aqAulaKith anw,h oh abse eens pecgieanlelryio nu s
givimnegr eminisacnedni cnre esa dinmgym anuscrailpsDtoi; w an
ChamaLna laln,Md r M .H .S aiyid,o faM uohtahomrAm leJidin na(hA
PolitSitycu,)wad hloa llowmeetd h ues oef his ownr esearwchheens ,
Iw asi nK arachiO.t hePra kiswtraintiwe hrosp rovimdee wdi th
valuambaltee riinacll MurdM eo hammeNdo manM,r AltHaufs ain,
editoorfD aumM,r S.M .Ikr am, Mr FareSe.Jd a frfoir,m eerd itor
ofT hCei vainMldi liGtaazre(yKt atrea cMrh iRafi)q, M.K hana,n d
Mr Na�iAmh med.
Iam gratetfuotl h ed octoerssp,e ciSaullryg eon-ComJmaaln der
R.P atealn,dL ieut.-Ciloahil Boankehls whh,oa ttenMdreJ di nn;a_h
alstooS isPtheyrll Diusn hawmh, on urshiemd w henh ew asd ying.
Theira ccouonfhist s g rowimnagl adayn,dt hcier cumstaonfhisc es
deathha,v ger eastltyr engtmhye nnaerdr ative.
The youngmeern w hos ervJeindn ainh his latyeera risn clude
MrK .H .K hurshishi sde,c reCtaarpyt,aS in.M .A hsaann dL ieutenant
MazharA hmedhis, navaAls .D.aCn.d,W ing-CommanAdtear
Rabbahisni, air A.D.Cw.h,ow erhee lpwfiutlsh t oraibeosut th eir
mastanedr i nt eachinmge t oa pprectihaleti ev ehloyp eso fP akistan.
Somefi ftByr itownhsos erviendth e sub-continbeenfotr,ae n d
sintchete r ansoffep ro weinr r 947h,a vtea lkteomd e ,a nds omoef
ix
ACKNOWLBDGBMBNTS
thehma vleo anmeedl ettaenrdds i ariOefst .h eIsa em,es pecially
oblitgoeV di ce-AdJmW.i. rJ aelff oGredn,e SraiFlrr ankM esservy,
ColonEe.Sl t] .B irnCioel,o nGeelo ffreKyn owlaensd,S iFrr ancis
Mudie.
My chapotne' rP artitiporne's emnatneypd r obleTmhse.fa cts
havbee ecnh eckbeyG de neLroalr Ids maSyi,Er r iMci evianldl Mer,
AlaCna mpbell-Jowhhnows eornwe,i tAhd mir.EaalrM lo untbatten
durihisn gt erasm V icer;o ayn db yM rI aSnt ephfoernmse,er d itor
ofT hSeta tesmTahneh.ya vmea dceo rrecatinodsn usg gestions, but
ansyh aodfoe p iniotnh amta yh avcer eipnttt ohn ea rraitimsvy eo wn.
Theen tirem anuscrihasp tb eerne abdy S iHra wthoLrneew is,
formeRre formCso mmiosnseitro t heG overnmeonftIn dia,a nd
afterwGaorvdesrn oofrO rissa, byS iFrr anciLso wfo,r m any years
editoofTr he T imofe Isn dMira Ed,w inHa wardfo,r meedirt oro f
The Pioneeanrd MrM ajeMalike,d PrinciIpnaflo rmaOtifficero nt o
thGeo vernmeonfPt a kistan.T heir vihasgilan,c Ieh ope,b rought
my errordso wn toa minimum.
Iwish also tothank Mr DerekP eelw,h ohas helpemde with
researfrcohm t hbee ginning tothe end ofm y task.
H.B.
SALISBURWYI,L TS,
1954
x
PART ONE