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JavaProgramming:FromProblemAnalysis ª2012CourseTechnology,CengageLearning
toProgramDesign,FifthEdition
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J P
AVA ROGRAMMING
F P A P D
ROM ROBLEM NALYSIS TO ROGRAM ESIGN
F E
IFTH DITION
D.S. M
ALIK
Australia(cid:2)Brazil(cid:2)Japan(cid:2)Korea(cid:2)Mexico(cid:2)Singapore(cid:2)Spain(cid:2)UnitedKingdom(cid:2)UnitedStates
TO
My Daughter
Shelly Malik
B C
RIEF ONTENTS
PREFACE xix
1. An Overview of Computers and Programming Languages 1
2. Basic Elements of Java 25
3. Introduction to Objects and Input/Output 113
4. Control Structures I: Selection 177
5. Control Structures II: Repetition 249
6. Graphical User Interface (GUI) and Object-Oriented Design (OOD) 327
7. User-Defined Methods 383
8. User-Defined Classes and ADTs 465
9. Arrays 551
10. Inheritance and Polymorphism 639
11. Handling Exceptions and Events 723
12. Advanced GUIs and Graphics 783
13. Recursion 873
14. Searching and Sorting 907
APPENDIX A Java Reserved Words 939
APPENDIX B Operator Precedence 941
APPENDIX C Character Sets 945
APPENDIX D Additional Java Topics 949
APPENDIX E Answers to Odd-Numbered Exercises 997
INDEX 1023
T C
ABLE OF ONTENTS
Preface xix
AN OVERVIEW OF COMPUTERS AND
1
PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES 1
Introduction 2
An Overview of the History of Computers 2
Elements of a Computer System 4
Hardware 4
Software 6
Language of a Computer 6
Evolution of Programming Languages 8
Processing a Java Program 10
Internet, World Wide Web, Browser, and Java 13
Programming with the Problem
Analysis–Coding–Execution Cycle 13
Programming Methodologies 19
Structured Programming 19
Object-Oriented Programming 19
Quick Review 21
Exercises 23
TableofContents | vii
BASIC ELEMENTS OF JAVA 25
2
A Java Program 26
Basics of a Java Program 28
Comments 29
Special Symbols 30
Reserved Words (Keywords) 30
Identifiers 31
Data Types 32
Primitive Data Types 32
Arithmetic Operators and Operator Precedence 36
Order of Precedence 39
Expressions 40
Mixed Expressions 41
Type Conversion (Casting) 43
class String 45
Strings and the Operator + 46
Input 48
Allocating Memory with Named Constants and Variables 48
Putting Data into Variables 51
Declaring and Initializing Variables 55
Input (Read) Statement 56
Reading a Single Character 61
Increment and Decrement Operators 64
Output 66
Packages, Classes, Methods, and the import Statement 71
Creating a Java Application Program 72
Debugging: Understanding and Fixing Syntax Errors 77
Programming Style and Form 80
Syntax 80
Avoiding Bugs: Consistent, Proper Formatting and
Code Walk-Through 84
viii | JavaProgramming:FromProblemAnalysistoProgramDesign,FifthEdition
More on Assignment Statements (Optional) 85
Quick Review 94
Exercises 97
Programming Exercises 106
INTRODUCTION TO OBJECTS AND INPUT/OUTPUT 113
3
Objects and Reference Variables 114
Using Predefined Classes and Methods in a Program 118
Dot Between Class (Object) Name and Class Member: A
Precaution 120
class String 121
Input/Output 129
Formatting Output with printf 129
Using Dialog Boxes for Input/Output 139
Formatting the Output Using the String Method format 146
File Input/Output 149
Storing (Writing) Output to a File 152
Debugging: Understanding Logic Errors and
Debugging with print or println Statements 163
Quick Review 165
Exercises 167
Programming Exercises 171
CONTROL STRUCTURES I: SELECTION 177
4
Control Structures 178
Relational Operators 180
Relational Operators and Primitive Data Types 181
Logical (Boolean) Operators and Logical Expressions 183
Order of Precedence 185
boolean Data Type and Logical (Boolean) Expressions 189
