Table Of Content’
JAPAN S SECURITY POLICY
This book analyses Japan’s security policy after the Cold War and engages with the
question of whether, since the Cold War ended, Japan has again become a global
security player.
The contributions to the book explore Japan’s security policy by providing a
detailed overview of the evolution of Japan’s security policy after the Cold War,
including the Japan–U.S. Security Treaty and the Senkaku/Daioyu Islands dispute.
It also reveals the preeminent security concerns of contemporary Japan by delving
into regional security issues such as the Layered Security of Okinawa, the increas
ing nuclear threat from North Korea, and the Taiwan Strait Crisis of 1995–6. The
book culminates by discussing security in terms of the essential functions of energy,
food, and human security, including an assessment of Japan’s energy policy since
World War II and an assessment of the impact food security on Japan’s agriculture
and trade.
This book will be of interest to students and scholars of East Asian Politics,
Security Studies and the International Relations of the Asia Pacific. It is also a
valuable resource for diplomats and policymakers on Japan and East Asia.
Keiji Nakatsuji is a Professor of the College of International Relations at
Ritsumeikan University, Japan.
POLITICS IN ASIA
Japanese Public Sentiment on South Korea
Popular Opinion and International Relations
Edited by Tetsuro Kobayashi and Atsushi Tago
Taiwan and the Changing Dynamics of Sino-US Relations
A Relational Approach
Hung-Jen Wang
Dictionary of the Modern Politics of Southeast Asia
Joseph Chinyong Liow
Nuclear Governance in the Asia-Pacific
Mely Caballero-Anthony and Julius Cesar I. Trajano
Strategic Triangles Reshaping International Relations in East Asia
Gilbert Rozman
Geo-Politics in Northeast Asia
Edited by Akihiro Iwashita, Yong-Chool Ha and Edward Boyle
Substantive Representation of Women in Asian Parliaments
Edited Devin K. Joshi and Christian Echle
Activism and Authoritarian Governance in Asia
Edited by Amy Barrow and Sara Fuller
Japan's Security Policy
Keiji Nakatsuji
India’s Southeast Asia Policy During the Cold War
Identity, Inclination and Pragmatism 1947-1989
Edited by Tridib Chakraborti and Mohor Chakraborty
Contemporary Japanese Politics and Anxiety Over Governance
Ken'ichi Ikeda
For more information about this series, please visit: https://www.routledge.com/
Politics-in-Asia/book-series/PIA.
’
JAPAN S SECURITY
POLICY
Edited by Keiji Nakatsuji
First published 2023
by Routledge
4 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
and by Routledge
605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
© 2023 selection and editorial matter, Keiji Nakatsuji; individual chapters, the
contributors
The right of Keiji Nakatsuji to be identified as the author of the editorial
material, and of the authors for their individual chapters, has been asserted in
accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act
1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or
utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now
known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any
information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the
publishers.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered
trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent
to infringe.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
ISBN: 978-1-032-13953-1 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-1-032-13955-5 (pbk)
ISBN: 978-1-003-23165-3 (ebk)
DOI: 10.4324/9781003231653
Typeset in Bembo
by Taylor & Francis Books
CONTENTS
List of illustrations vii
List of contributors viii
Preface ix
PART I
Historical Overview 1
1 The Cold War and Japan–US Alliance as Backdrop 3
Keiji Nakatsuji
2 Post-Cold War Crises and A Search for a New Security Policy 12
Keiji Nakatsuji
3 Did Japan Become a Global Security Player Again? 56
Keiji Nakatsuji
PART II
Regional Issues 95
4 Japan and South Korea: Can the Two Countries Cooperate
Over the North Korea Nuclear Crisis? 97
Sachio Nakato
5 Layered Security on Okinawa: Reconciling International,
National, and Subnational Narratives 117
Ra Mason
vi Contents
6 How Did Japan take the Taiwan Strait Crisis of 1995–6? 140
Keiji Nakatsuji
PART III
Security Policy by Function 155
7 Japan’s Energy Security 157
Eunjung Lim
8 Japan’s Food Security Policy 177
Hironori Sasada
9 Why Did Japan Engage in Human Security Diplomacy? 198
Kenki Adachi
Conclusion 214
Keiji Nakatsuji
Index 219
ILLUSTRATIONS
Figures
4.1 Japan-ROK Security Cooperation 99
8.1 Japan’s Food Self-Sufficiency Rates (1960–2020) 183
8.2 International Comparison of Calorie-based Food
Self-sufficiency Rates in 2017 183
9.1 Role Japan Should Play in International Society 202
Tables
4.1 Defining factors for Security Cooperation Between Japan and
South Korea 102
4.2 Japan-ROK security cooperation after North Korea’s
nuclear tests 111
6.1 Election result 149
8.1 Contributions to Food Self-sufficiency Rates by Item in 2017 182
CONTRIBUTORS
ADACHI, Kenki, Ritsumeikan University, Japan.
LIM, Eunjung, Kongju National University, Republic of Korea (South Korea).
MASON, Ra, University of East Anglia, UK.
NAKATO, Sachio, Ritsumeikan University, Japan.
NAKATSUJI, Keiji, Ritsumeikan University, Japan.
SASADA, Hironori, Hokkaido University, Japan.
PREFACE
During or after the Cold War, has Japan been exposed to more serious security
challenges? It is not easy to answer this question. Most of the reasons are in the
uncertainty of the post-Cold War era.
In fact, it is not always easy to give a name to the times, but after World War II,
it was decided that as early as 1947 when an American journalist Water Lippman
called the U.S.–Soviet conflict under progress the Cold War. What about the
post-Cold War era? The term post-Cold War seems to be allowed to be used if a
new era begins and is less than 10 years old. It is embarrassing, as a person studying
international relations, that it is still referred to as the post-Cold War period
beyond 30 years. Furthermore, I remember being stunned when some American
researchers started calling it the Post-Post-Cold War era shortly after 9/11.
Fortunately, this uncreative name has never been established.
A reason why we do not have definitive name is related to the rapid changes or
perceived changes in the security threats of the post-Cold War era. Immediately
after the end of the Cold War, there was growing optimism that one world (glo
balization) would emerge, and a peace dividend was expected. However, the
existence of the “axis of evil” including Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein immediately
began to be called into question, and the importance of regional conflicts came to
greater attention. After 9/11, the fight against terrorism or Islamic extremism was
brought to the fore. And now it is said that the challenge of U.S.-China rivalry or
state capitalism, including that of Russia, is the most important security agenda.
How did Japan respond to the situation where the identity of threat was not
decided like this? In the Cold War and post-Cold War periods, both continuation
and change can be observed in Japan’s security policy. The continuation is that the
three fundamentals of Japan’s security policy after World War II are still main
tained. They are the so-called Peace Constitution, the Japan-U.S. Security Treaty,
and the Self-Defense Forces.
