Table Of ContentJAPAN'S EVOLVING FOREIGN POLICY DOCTRINE
Also by Bert Edstrom
JAPAN'S QUEST FOR A ROLE IN THE WORLD
JAPAN'S GLOBAL ROLE: Implications for Sweden (editor)
JAPAN'S FOREIGN AND SECURITY POLICIES IN TRANSITION
(editor)
THE UNITED NATIONS, JAPAN AND SWEDEN: Achievements
and Challenges (editor)
Japan's Evolving
Foreign Policy
Doctrine
From Yoshida to Miyazawa
Bert Edstrom
Senior Research Fellow
Center for Pacific Asia Studies
University of Stockholm
Sweden
palgrave
© Bert Edstrom 1999
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Contents
List of Tables VI
List of Figures viii
Acknowledgements ix
A Note on Names, Transcription and Translation x
Introduction 1
1 To Restore and Reconstruct: Yoshida Shigeru, Ashida
Hitoshi, Katayama Tetsu 8
2 The Prewar Leftover with a Postwar Mission: Hatoyama
Ichiro 26
3 The Failure of Brilliance: Kishi Nobusuke 35
4 The International Cold Warrior: Ikeda Hayato 46
5 The Cautious and Discreet Prime Minister: Sato Eisaku 57
6 The Computerized Bulldozer on the International Stage:
Tanaka Kakuei 71
7 A Liberal Turning Realist: Miki Takeo 80
8 A Visionary Arch-Conservative: Fukuda Takeo 90
9 Turning the Tide: Ohira Masayoshi 101
10 The Harmony Man on the Slippery Slope: Suzuki Zenko 111
11 The Symbolic Statesman: Nakasone Yasuhiro 119
12 A Local Politician on the Global Stage: Takeshita
Noboru 132
13 Hope and Uncertainty: Kaifu Toshiki 141
14 Full Circle: Miyazawa Kiichi 151
15 Conclusion: Japan's Evolving Foreign-Policy Doctrine 159
Notes 180
Bibliography 192
Index 207
v
List of Tables
1.1 National Goals in Yoshida's, Katayama's and Ashida's Policy
Speeches 13
1.2 International Roles Ascribed to Japan in Yoshida's,
Katayama's and Ashida's Policy Speeches 18
1.3 Countries and Regions Referred to in Yoshida's, Katayama's
and Ashida's Policy Speeches 21
2.1 National Goals in Hatoyama's Policy Speeches 28
2.2 International Roles in Hatoyama's Policy Speeches 30
2.3 Bilateral Relations in Hatoyama's Policy Speeches 31
3.1 National Goals in Kishi's Policy Speeches 37
3.2 International Roles in Kishi's Policy Speeches 39
3.3 Bilateral Relations in Kishi's Policy Speeches 42
3.4 Foreign Visits by Prime Ministers 44
4.1 National Goals in Ikeda's Policy Speeches 49
4.2 International Roles in Ikeda's Policy Speeches 50
4.3 Bilateral Relations in Ikeda's Policy Speeches 54
5.1 National Goals in SatC)'s Policy Speeches 60
5.2 International Roles in SaW's Policy Speeches 62
5.3 Bilateral Relations in SaHl's Policy Speeches 65
6.1 National Goals in Tanaka's Policy Speeches 73
6.2 International Roles in Tanaka's Policy Speeches 74
6.3 Bilateral Relations in Tanaka's Policy Speeches 77
7.1 National Goals in Miki's Policy Speeches 83
7.2 International Roles in Miki's Policy Speeches 85
7.3 Bilateral Relations in Miki's Policy Speeches 87
8.1 National Goals in Fukuda's Policy Speeches 91
8.2 International Roles in Fukuda's Policy Speeches 94
8.3 Bilateral Relations in Fukuda's Policy Speeches 97
9.1 National Goals in Ohira's Policy Speeches 103
9.2 International Roles in Ohira's Policy Speeches 105
9.3 Bilateral Relations in Ohira's Policy Speeches 108
10.1 National Goals in Suzuki's Policy Speeches 113
10.2 International Roles in Suzuki's Policy Speeches 114
10.3 Bilateral Relations in Suzuki's Policy Speeches 116
11.1 National Goals in Nakasone's Policy Speeches 122
11.2 International Roles in Nakasone's Policy Speeches 125
11.3 Bilateral Relations in Nakasone's Policy Speeches 129
12.1 National Goals in Takeshita's Policy Speeches 134
vi
List of Tables vii
12.2 International Roles in Takeshita's Policy Speeches 136
12.3 Bilateral Relations in Takeshita's Policy Speeches 139
13.1 National Goals in Kaifu's Policy Speeches 143
13.2 International Roles in Kaifu's Policy Speeches 146
13.3 Bilateral Relations in Kaifu's Policy Speeches 148
14.1 National Goals in Miyazawa's Policy Speeches 153
14.2 International Roles in Miyazawa's Policy Speeches 156
14.3 Bilateral Relations in Miyazawa's Policy Speeches 157
15.1 Perceptions of the International System in
Prime-Ministerial Policy Speeches 161
15.2 National Goals in Prime-Ministerial Policy Speeches 164
15.3 International Roles in Prime-Ministerial Policy Speeches 166
15.4 Bilateral Relations in Prime-Ministerial Policy Speeches 167
15.5 Core Ideas and Concepts in Prime-Ministerial Policy
Speeches 170
List of Figures
15.1 Doctrine-Constituent Phases 175
15.2 Core Concepts and Ideas in Prime-Ministerial Policy
Speeches 176
viii
Acknowledgements
This research has been conducted as part of my work at the Center for
Pacific Asia Studies, Stockholm University. I am grateful to its former
director, Professor Thomas G. Hart, for his unfailing support. To pursue
the research needed would not have been possible without the generous
financial support of the Japan Foundation, the Lars Johan Hierta Founda
tion, and the Foundation for the Study of Japanese Society. I would also like
to thank Dr Katarina Brodin, who guided me through the intricacies of
foreign-policy doctrine research, and Professor Glenn Hook and Professor
Ian Nish, who read and commented upon a draft version and saved me from
numerous errors.
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