Japanese Tourism and Travel Culture (Japan Anthropology Workshop)

238 Pages·2009·4.86 MB·English

by  Laboratoire 'es Sylvie Guichard-anguis

Japanese Tourism and Travel Culture
This book examines Japanese tourism and travel, both today and in the past, showing
how over hundreds of years a distinct culture of travel developed, and exploring how
this has permeated the perceptions and traditions of Japanese society. It considers
the diverse dimensions of modern tourism including appropriation and consumption
of history, nostalgia, identity, domesticated foreignness, and the search for authen-
ticity and invention of tradition. Japanese people are one of the most widely travelling
peoples in the world both historically and in contemporary times. What may be
understood as incipient mass tourism started around the seventeenth century in vari-
ous forms (including religious pilgrimages) long before it became a prevalent cultural
phenomenon in the West. Within Asia, Japan has been the main tourist-sending
society since the beginning of the twentieth century, when it started colonizing Asian
countries. In 2005, some 17.8 million Japanese travelled overseas across Europe,
Asia, the South Pacific and America. In recent times, however, tourist demands are
fast growing in other Asian countries such as Korea and China. Japan is not only
consuming other Asian societies and cultures, it is also being consumed by them
in tourist contexts. This book considers the patterns of travelling of the Japanese,
examining travel inside and outside the Japanese archipelago and how tourist
demands inside influence and shape patterns of travel outside the country. Overall,
this book offers important insights for understanding the phenomenon of tourism on
the one hand and the nature of Japanese society and culture on the other.
Sylvie Guichard-Anguis is a researcher at the French National Centre of Scientific
Research (CNRS) and works as a member of the research group ‘Spaces, Nature
and Culture’ in the Department of Geography, Paris-Sorbonne (Paris IV). She is
co-editor of Globalizing Japan (Routledge, 2001); Crossed Gazes at Cultural Heritage
in the World (in French and English, 2003) with the collaboration of UNESCO;
and co-author of Grand Hotels in Asia, Modernity, Urban Dynamic and Sociability
(in French 2003, Korean translation 2007).
Okpyo Moon is Professor of Anthropology at the Academy of Korean Studies, Korea.
She is the author of From Paddy Field to Ski Slope: Revitalisation of Tradition in
Japanese Village Life (Manchester University Press, 1989) and the editor of Consump-
tion and Leisure Life in Contemporary Korea (1997); New Women: Images of Modern
Women in Japan and Korea (2003); and Understanding Japanese Culture through Travel
and Tourism (2006).
Japan Anthropology Workshop Series
Series editor:
Joy Hendry, Oxford Brookes University
Editorial Board:
Pamela Asquith, University of Alberta
Eyal Ben Ari, Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Hirochika Nakamaki, National Museum of Ethnology, Osaka
Kirsten Refsing, University of Copenhagen
Wendy Smith, Monash University
Founder Member of the Editorial Board:
Jan van Bremen, University of Leiden
A Japanese View of Nature Dismantling the East-West Dichotomy
The World of Living Things by Kinji Essays in Honour of Jan van Bremen
Imanishi. Translated by Pamela J. Edited by Joy Hendry and Heung Wah
Asquith, Heita Kawakatsu, Shusuke Wong
Yagi and Hiroyuki Takasaki. Edited and
introduced by Pamela J. Asquith Pilgrimages and Spiritual Quests in Japan
Edited by Maria Rodriguez del Alisal,
Japan’s Changing Generations Peter Ackermann and Dolores Martinez
Are Young People Creating a New
Society? The Culture of Copying in Japan
Edited by Gordon Mathews and Critical and Historical Perspectives
Bruce White Edited by Rupert Cox
The Care of the Elderly in Japan Primary School in Japan
Yongmei Wu Self, Individuality and Learning in
Elementary Education
Community Volunteers in Japan Peter Cave
Everyday Stories of Social Change
Lynne Y. Nakano Globalisation and Japanese
Organisational Culture
Nature, Ritual and Society in Japan’s An Ethnography of a Japanese
Ryukyu Islands Corporation in France
Arne Røkkum Mitchell W. Sedgwick
Psychotherapy and Religion in Japan Japanese Tourism and Travel Culture
The Japanese Introspection Practice of Edited by Sylvie Guichard-Anguis and
Naikan Okpyo Moon
Chikako Ozawa-de Silva
Japanese Tourism and
Travel Culture
Edited by Sylvie Guichard-Anguis
and Okpyo Moon
First published 2009 by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada
by Routledge
270 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group,
an informa business
This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2008.
“To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s
collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk.”
© 2009 Editorial selection and matter, Sylvie Guichard-Anguis and
Okpyo Moon; individual chapters, the contributors
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or
reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic,
mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter
invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any
information storage or retrieval system, without permission in
writing from the publishers.
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Japanese tourism and travel culture / edited by Sylvie
Guichard-Anguis and Okpyo Moon.
p. cm.—(Japan anthropology workshop series)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
1. Travelers—Japan. 2. Tourism—Japan. 3. National
characteristics, Japanese. I. Guichard-Anguis, Sylvie, 1951–
II. Moon, Okpyo, 1950–
G330.J35 2008
306.4′819089956—dc22 2008023494
ISBN 0-203-88667-4 Master e-book ISBN
ISBN13: 978–0–415–47001–8 (hbk)
ISBN13: 978–0–203–88667–0 (ebk)
ISBN10: 0–415–47001–3 (hbk)
ISBN10: 0–203–88667–4 (ebk)
Contents
List of figures vii
List of tables ix
Notes on contributors x
Preface xiv
Introduction: The culture of travel (tabi no bunka) and
Japanese tourism 1
SYLVIE GUICHARD-ANGUIS
PART I
Travelling history in the present 19
1 The past and the other in the present: Kokunai kokusaika
kanko – domestic international tourism 21
NELSON GRABURN
2 The heroic Edo-ic: Travelling the History Highway in
today’s Tokugawa Japan 37
MILLIE CREIGHTON
3 Japanese inns (ryokan) as producers of Japanese identity 76
SYLVIE GUICHARD-ANGUIS
PART II
Travel in tradition, time and fantasy 103
4 Meanings of tradition in contemporary Japanese
domestic tourism 105
MARKUS OEDEWALD
vi Contents
5 Fantasy travel in time and space: A new
Japanese phenomenon? 129
JOY HENDRY
PART III
Travelling the familiar overseas 145
6 Japanese tourists in Korea: Colonial and
post-colonial encounters 147
OKPYO MOON
7 The Japanese encounter with the South: Japanese tourists
in Palau 172
SHINJI YAMASHITA
8 The search for the real thing: Japanese tourism to Britain 193
BRONWEN SURMAN
9 All roads lead to home: Japanese culinary tourism in Italy 203
MERRY I. WHITE
Index 215
Figures
I.1 The post town of Narai (Nagano prefecture) 9
I.2 Kumano Hongu¯ Taisha (Wakayama prefecture) 10
I.3 Kinosaki hot spring (Hyo¯go prefecture) 11
1.1 English-language tourist map of Miyama 24
1.2 Four hundred years of friendship memorial next to
noborigama (climbing kiln) 26
1.3 Brochure of Western Shosoin and Kudara
Palace Pavilion 27
1.4 The past is a foreign country: the ‘Road of Legend’ map
showing Udo Jingu, Saitobaru, Nango Son and Takachiho 31
2.1 A Rekishi Kaido ‘stamp point’ in Kyoto shows the seal and
logo of the Rekishi Kaido travel campaign. The stamp image
depicts a child or youth in front of Nijo¯ Castle 49
2.2 In an Osaka shopping street, the Edo era castle theme is
shown by the metalwork image of Osaka-jo¯ (Osaka Castle) on
Osaka’s sewage covers 54
2.3 Although Hikone has more remaining Edo era buildings
than any other part of Japan, it has also constructed a new city
street area designated the ‘Old New Town’ of modern-made
buildings intentionally designed to look like those from the
Edo era 56
2.4 Some of the famous white walls and remaining samurai
areas of Hagi 58
3.1 The post town of Unno juku (Nagano prefecture) 84
3.2 The honjin in Koriyama (Osaka prefecture) 86
3.3 Tokaikan in Ito (Shizuoka prefecture): details of the inside 90
3.4 Higashiya ryokan (Yamagata prefecture) 91
5.1 Anne of Green Gables and her friends Gilbert and Diana,
portrayed at Canadian World in Hokkaido 133
5.2 A street in the Campo section of Spain Village on the
Ise peninsula 134
5.3 One of the early depictions of a Japanese historical link at
Holland Village in Kyushu 135
viii Figures
5.4 An imagined reproduction of the marital bed of William
Shakespeare and his wife at the Shakespeare Park in
Maruyama, Chiba prefecture 137
5.5 Entrance to the Sentosa Asian Village, Singapore 142
6.1 An advertisement for a Korean tour 150
6.2 A tourist poster of the 1970s 154
6.3 A magazine cover advertising shopping in Seoul 159
6.4 New trends in esute tours 161
6.5 A hallyu tour package poster 166
7.1 Palau, the paradise 178
7.2 Memorial tourism at Peleliu 179
7.3 Storyboard in the style of Baris 184
7.4 Palau on T-shirts 187
Tables
4.1 Size of groups during domestic trips 114
4.2 The aims of school excursions of senior high schools 117
4.3 The purposes of school excursions of junior high schools 118
4.4 The purposes of school excursions of elementary schools 119
6.1 The number of Japanese tourists to Korea by age group 157
7.1 Visitor arrivals in Palau, 1980–2006 173
7.2 Visitor arrivals in Palau, 1992–2006, by major
countries of residence 174