Jakarta Pitfalls: Time-Saving Solutions for Struts, Ant, JUnit, and Cactus (Java Open Source Library Series)

309 Pages·2003·2.42 MB·English

by  Bill Dudney

449156 FM.qxd 6/24/03 10:12 AM Page i
Jakarta Pitfalls
Time-Saving Solutions
for Struts, Ant, JUnit, and Cactus
Bill Dudney
Jonathan Lehr
449156 FM.qxd 6/24/03 10:12 AM Page ii
Executive Publisher: Robert Ipsen
Vice President and Publisher: Joe Wikert
Executive Editor: Robert Elliott
Assistant Development Editor: Eileen Bien Calabro
Editorial Manager: Kathryn A. Malm
Senior Production Editor: Angela Smith
Text Design & Composition: Wiley Composition Services
This book is printed on acid-free paper. ∞
Copyright © 2003 by Bill Dudney and Jonathan Lehr. All rights reserved.
Published by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana
Published simultaneously in Canada
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted
in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or
otherwise, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright
Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through
payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rose-
wood Drive, Danvers, MA01923, [phone], fax [phone]. Requests to the Pub-
lisher for permission should be addressed to the Legal Department, Wiley Publishing, Inc.,
10475 Crosspoint Blvd., Indianapolis, IN 46256, [phone], fax [phone], E-mail:
[email protected].
Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and author have used their
best efforts in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with respect
to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any
implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may
be created or extended by sales representatives or written sales materials. The advice and
strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation. You should consult with
a professional where appropriate. Neither the publisher nor author shall be liable for any
loss of profit or any other commercial damages, including but not limited to special, inci-
dental, consequential, or other damages.
For general information on our other products and services please contact our Customer
Care Department within the United States at [phone], outside the United States at
[phone] or fax [phone].
Trademarks: Wiley, the Wiley Publishing logo and related trade dress are trademarks or
registered trademarks of Wiley Publishing, Inc., in the United States and other countries,
and may not be used without written permission. All other trademarks are the property of
their respective owners. Wiley Publishing, Inc., is not associated with any product or ven-
dor mentioned in this book.
Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears
in print may not be available in electronic books.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data:
ISBN: 0-471-44915-6
Printed in the United States of America
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
449156 FM.qxd 6/24/03 10:12 AM Page iii
For Sarah
—BD
For my wife, Kathryn
—JL
449156 FM.qxd 6/24/03 10:12 AM Page iv
449156 FM.qxd 6/24/03 10:12 AM Page v
Contents
Acknowledgments ix
About the Authors xi
Introduction xiii
Chapter1 Testing: Cactus and JUnit 1
Pitfall 1.1: No Assert 4
Example 6
Solving Pitfall 1.1: Assert the Intent 9
Step-by-Step 9
Example 10
Example 2: Cactus 15
Pitfall 1.2: Unreasonable Assert 20
Example 21
Solving Pitfall 1.2: Assert the Intent 23
Pitfall 1.3: Console-Based Testing 24
Example 25
Solving Pitfall 1.3: System.out Becomes Assert 28
Step-by-Step 29
Example 29
Example 2: Cactus 31
Pitfall 1.4 Unfocused Test Method 34
Example 35
Solving Pitfall 1.4: Keep It Simple 38
Step-by-Step 38
Example 39
v
449156 FM.qxd 6/24/03 10:12 AM Page vi
vi Contents
Pitfall 1.5: Failure to Isolate Each Test 45
Example 46
Solving Pitfall 1.5: Use setUp and tearDown and
Introduce Test Decorators 50
Step-by-Step 51
Example 52
Example 2: Introduce Test Decorators 55
Pitfall 1.6: Failure to Isolate Subject 58
Example 59
Solving Pitfall 1.6: Introduce Mock Objects 62
Step-by-Step 62
Example 62
Chapter2 Struts ActionForms 67
Pitfall 2.1: Copy/Paste Formatting 70
Example 72
Solving Pitfall 2.1: Consolidate and Generalize
Formatting Code 74
Step-by-Step 75
Example 76
Pitfall 2.2: Copy/Paste Conversion 96
Example 98
Solving Pitfall 2.2: Consolidate and Generalize Bean
Population Code 101
Step-by-Step 101
Example 102
Pitfall 2.3: Copy/Paste Validation 119
Example 121
Solving Pitfall 2.3: Consolidate and
Generalize Validation Code 123
Step-by-Step 126
Example 127
Chapter3 Struts Actions 147
Pitfall 3.1: Business-Tier Code in Actions 149
Example 151
Solving Pitfall 3.1: Move Business-Tier
Code to BusinessDelegate 157
Step-by-Step 158
Example 159
Pitfall 3.2: Copy/Paste Code in Actions 172
Example 172
Solving Pitfall 3.2: Move Common Code to Base Class 173
Step-by-Step 174
Example 174
449156 FM.qxd 6/24/03 10:12 AM Page vii
Contents vii
Pitfall 3.3: Accessing ActionForms in the Session 182
Example 183
Solving Pitfall 3.3: Add ActionForm
Locator Method to Base Class 187
Step-by-Step 188
Example 188
Pitfall 3.4: Overloaded ActionMappings 192
Example 192
Solving Pitfall 3.4: Create Separate ActionMappings
for Navigation and Form Submission 195
Step-by-Step 195
Example 195
Chapter4 Struts TagLibs and JSPs 197
Pitfall 4.1: Hard-Coded Strings in JSPs 199
Example 200
Solving Pitfall 4.1: Move Common Strings to
Resource Bundles 201
Step-by-Step 201
Example 201
Pitfall 4.2 Hard-Coded Keys in JSPs 203
Example 203
Solving Pitfall 4.2:Replace Hard-Coded Keys with Constants 204
Step-by-Step 205
Example 205
Pitfall 4.3: Not Using Struts Tags for Error Messaging 209
Example 210
Solving Pitfall 4.3: Replace Custom Messaging with
Struts Messaging 210
Step-by-Step 211
Example 211
Pitfall 4.4: Calculating Derived Values in JSPs 214
Example 214
Solving Pitfall 4.4: Move Calculations to Value Object 215
Step-by-Step 216
Example 216
Pitfall 4.5: Performing Business Logic in JSPs 218
Example 219
Solving Pitfall 4.5: Move Business Logic to a Helper Class 220
Step-by-Step 221
Example 221
Pitfall 4.6: Hard-Coded Options in HTMLSelect Lists 224
Example 224
Solving Pitfall 4.6: Move Options Values to a Helper Class 225
Step-by-Step 225
Example 226
449156 FM.qxd 6/24/03 10:12 AM Page viii
viii Contents
Pitfall 4.7: Not Checking for Duplicate Form Submissions 229
Example 229
Solving Pitfall 4.7: Add Tokens to Generated JSP 230
Step-by-Step 230
Example 230
Chapter5 Ant 233
Pitfall 5.1: Copy-and-Paste Reuse 235
Example 235
Solving Pitfall 5.1: Introduce Antcall 237
Step-by-Step 237
Example 238
Pitfall 5.2: No Distinction between Different Types of Builds 243
Example 244
Solving Pitfall 5.2: Introduce Properties File 245
Step-by-Step 245
Example 246
Pitfall 5.3: Building Subprojects 249
Example 249
Solving Pitfall 5.3: Centralize the Build 251
Step-by-Step 252
Example 253
Pitfall 5.4: No Logging from Custom Tasks 257
Example 257
Solving Pitfall 5.4: Add Logging 259
Step-by-Step 259
Example 260
Appendix A Pitfall Catalog 263
AppendixB References 273
AppendixC What’s on the Web Site 277
Index 279