Table Of ContentIUTAM Symposium on Creep in Structures
SOLID MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
Volume 86
Series Editor: G.M.L. GLADWELL
DepartmentofCivilEngineering
University ofWaterloo
Waterloo.Ontario.Canada N2L 3GI
AimsandScope ofthe Series
The fundamental questionsarising in mechanics are: Why?,How?,and How much?
The aim of this series is to provide lucid accounts written bij authoritative researchers
giving vision andinsight inanswering thesequestions onthesubject of mechanics asit
relates to solids.
The scope of the series covers the entire spectrum of solid mechanics. Thus it includes
the foundation of mechanics; variational formulations; computational mechanics;
statics, kinematics and dynamics of rigid and elastic bodies: vibrations of solids and
structures; dynamical systems and chaos; the theories of elasticity, plasticity and
viscoelasticity; composite materials; rods, beams, shells and membranes; structural
control and stability; soils, rocks and geomechanics; fracture; tribology; experimental
mechanics; biomechanics and machine design.
The median levelofpresentation isthefirstyeargraduate student.Sometextsaremono
graphs defining the current state of the field; others are accessible to final year under
graduates; butessentially theemphasis isonreadability andclarity.
Foralist ofrelatedmechanicstitles. seefinal pages.
IUTAM Symposium on
Creep in Structures
Proceedings of the IUTAM Symposium
heldin Nagoya, Japan,
3-7 April 2000
Edited by
s.
MURAKAMI
Nagoya University,
Nagoya,Japan
and
N.OHNO
Nagoya University,
Nagoya, Japan
Springer-Science+Business Media, B.V.
A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.
ISBN 978-90-481-5623-8 ISBN 978-94-015-9628-2 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-94-015-9628-2
Printed on acid-free paper
All Rights Reserved
© 2001 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 2001.
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 2001
No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or
utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,
including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and
retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner.
SCIENTIFIC COMMITIEE
S.Murakami, Co-Chair(NagoyaUniversity, Japan)
N. Ohno, Co-Chair(NagoyaUniversity, Japan)
A. Bertram(Otto-von-Goricke-UniversitatMagdeburg, Germany)
F.Ellyin (UniversityofAlberta,Canada)
E.van der Giessen(Delft UniversityofTechnology,TheNetherlands)
D. R.Hayhurst(UniversityofManchesterInstituteofScienceand Technology, UK)
F. Leckie(UniversityofCalifornia,Santa Barbara,USA)
J.Lemaitre(UniversiteParis 6,France)
B. Storakers(Royal InstituteofTechnology,Sweden)
M.Zyczkowski(CracowUniversityofTechnology,Poland)
RenWang (PekingUniversity, P.R.China)
LOCAL ORGANIZING COMMITIEE
S. Murakami, Co-Chair(NagoyaUniversity, Japan)
N.Ohno, Co-Chair(NagoyaUniversity, Japan)
Y.Asada(UniversityofTokyo, Japan)
T.Inoue (Kyoto University, Japan)
H.Ishikawa(Hokkaido University,Japan)
S. Kubo (OsakaUniversity,Japan)
K.Ohji (RyukokuUniversity,Japan)
R.Ohtani(Kyoto University, Japan)
M.Sakane(RitsumeikanUniversity, Japan)
Y.Takahashi (CentralResearch Institute ofElectricPowerIndustry, Japan)
S.Biwa (Nagoya University, Japan)
M.Mizuno (Nagoya University, Japan)
SPONSORS
InternationalUnion ofTheoretical and Applied Mechanics
United NationsEducational,Scientificand Cultural Organization
Nagoya UniversityFoundation
AmadaFoundationfor Metal Work Technology
The Asahi Glass Foundation
Casio SciencePromotionFoundation
CommemorativeAssociationfor theJapanWorld Exposition(1970)
Daiko Foundation
The Iwatani Naoji Foundation
The Mikiya ScienceandTechnologyFoundation
Research Foundationfor theElectrotechnologyofChubu
Suzuki Foundation
Yoshida Foundationfor Scienceand Technology
(in alphabeticalorder)
PREFACE
The advent of steam turbines and the sudden rise of steam temperature at the
beginning of the20th century gave agreat impetus tothe start ofscientificresearch on
metal creep and high-temperature strength. Then aeronautical and aerospace
exploitation in the 1940's and 1950's enlarged the scope of creep research. In this
context, the first IUTAM Symposium on "Creep in Structures" was held at Stanford
University in July 1960, and about 60 participants from seven countries around the
worlddiscussedtheirrecentresultsonthisproblem.
Subsequent innovation in science and technology, as in nuclear and new energy
technology, new materials, large scale integration of semiconductors etc., has claimed
solutions to new and challenging problems in this fundamental field of applied
mechanics. In order to discuss the new topics in this discipline, the IUTAM Symposia
"Creep inStructures"thereafterhavebeen held every ten years;i.e.the second in 1970
at Gothenburg, Sweden, the third in 1980 at Leicester, U.K. and the fourth in 1990 at
Cracow,Poland.
The First (1960) and Second Symposium (1970) were concerned mainly with the
phenomenological law of creep and creep analysis of structural elements, whereas the
issues of the Third Symposium (1980) shifted toward the problems of creep damage,
creepcrackgrowth,practical andeffectivedesignmethods,etc.
Besides thesetopics, theFourth Symposium (1990)highlightedproblems related to
the internal structural change of materials, e.g., elaboration of constitutive equations
for complicated loading conditions, initiation and growth of creep cavities, strain
localization in creep fracture, and phase transformation during creep. The materials
concerned, furthermore, have been extended to single crystals, composite materials,
polymericmaterials,ceramics,geological materials,etc.
The research on creep in structures has made great progress also after the Fourth
IUTAMSymposium, both in its fundamental aspects and from the application point of
view. Research in this field is now expected to make important contributions to the
development of the fundamental technology of the 21st century, e.g., environmental
and energy engineering, electronic engineering, aeronautical and aerospace
engineering. In view of the importance of consolidating the development of creep
research since 1990, and providing a forum to discuss the new horizons in this
fundamental field of applied mechanics in the coming century, the Fifth IUTAM
Symposium on Creep inStructureswas proposed to theGeneral Assembly of IUTAM,
andwasapproved tobeheldatNagoyainApril 2000.
After the final decision at the General Assembly, according to the Rule and
Guidelines of IUTAMsymposia, the Scientific Committee ofthe Symposium carefully
selected the candidates for participation in the Symposium, and sent out invitation
letters to about 80 of the worlds' best and most active scientists and engineers in
relevantfields.
As a result of this invitation, the Fifth IUTAMSymposium on Creep in Structures
finally had 91participants from 15countries,and50 innovative papers were presented
viii PREFACE
among which 8 were nominated as General Lectures. Presentation of these papers was
divided into 16 Sessions, and 45 and 25 minutes were devoted to each of the general
and the ordinary lectures, respectively. The present Proceedings contains the papers
presented at the Symposium, together with the Final Program, List and Address of
Participants.Webelieve that this volume has summarizedthe creep research inthe last
decade ofthe20thcentury.
Finally, itisourpleasure toexpress our heartfelt gratitude to allthe members ofthe
Scientific Committee and to all the members of the Local Organizing Committee of
the Symposium for their generous cooperation, crucial advice and cordial
encouragement throughout the planning and preparation. The encouraging support and
precious advice of the organizers of the preceding IUTAM Symposia on Creep in
Structures, especially from Professor J. Hult (Second Symposium), Professor D. R.
Hayhurst(Third Symposium) and ProfessorM.Zyczkowski (Fourth Symposium) were
sincerely appreciated.
The generous support by anumber oforganizations and foundations in connection
with organizing and conducting this Symposium is very gratefully acknowledged.
Without their financial support, smooth and successful arrangements of the
Symposium would have been virtually impossible. Our special thanks are extended to
our colleagues Dr. M. Mizuno, Dr. S. Biwa, Dr. M. Kobayashi and Dr. Y.Sugita for
their unfailing cooperation throughout the preparations. We are grateful to our
secretaries, Ms. F. Kajiura and Ms. J. Nakatsuka, for performing their considerable
secretarial tasks involved inthe Symposium. Wewould like to express our thanks also
to the editorial staff of the Kluwer Academic Publishers for their cooperation in
publishing thisvolume.
SumioMurakami
Nobutada Ohno
July2000
LISTOFPARTICIPANTS
AINSWORTH, R.A. British Energy Generation Ltd., Barnett way, Barnwood,
GloucesterGlA 3RS, UK
ALTENBACH,H. FB Ingenieurwissenschaften, Martin-Luther-Universitat
Halle-Wittenberg,D-06099 Halle,GERMANY
BARRETTE, P.D. Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial
University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NF AlB 3X5,
CANADA
BENALLAL,A. LMT, ENS de Cachan/CNRSlUniversite Paris 6, 61
AvenueduPresidentWilson,94235 Cachan,FRANCE
BIWA,S. Department of Micro System Engineering, Nagoya
University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603,
JAPAN
BOYLE,J.T. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of
Strathclyde, James Weir Bldg., Montrose St., Glasgow,
Scotland, G1 DO,UK
BUSSO,E. P. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College,
ExhibitionRoad,LondonSW72BX, UK
CHOW,C.L. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of
Michigan-Dearborn, 4901 Evergreen Road, Dearborn, MI
48128, USA
CHRZANOWSKI, M. Politechnika Krakowska, ul.Warszawska 24, PL31 155
Krakow,POLAND
DANGVAN,K. Laboratoire de Mecanique des Solides, Ecole
Polytechnique,F-91128Palaiseau,FRANCE
DUNNE,F. P. Department of Engineering Science, Oxford University,
ParksRoad,Oxford OXI3PJ,UK
DYSON,B. F. Imperial College, (Home) Granta Lodge, St. George's
Road;WeybridgeSorrey KTl 3EP,UK
FUJIKURA, M. Japan Ultra-High Temperature Materials Research Center,
3-1-8,Higashi-machi,Tajimi-city,Gifu507-0801, JAPAN
GANCZARSKI,A. W. Institute of Mechanics and Machine Design, Cracow
University of Technology, Jana Pawla II 37, 31-864
Krakow,POLAND
Description:The advent of steam turbines and the sudden rise of steam temperature at the beginning of the 20th century gave a great impetus to the start of scientific research on metal creep and high-temperature strength. Then aeronautical and aerospace exploitation in the 1940's and 1950's enlarged the scope o
