Table Of ContentIUSTINI MARTYRIS
APOLOGIAE PRO CHRISTIANIS
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WALTER DE GRUYTER · BERLIN · NEW YORK
IUSTINI MARTY RI S
APOLOGIAE PRO CHRISTIANIS
EDITED BY
MIROSLAV MARCOVICH
WALTER DE GRUYTER • BERLIN · NEW YORK
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HENRICO CHADWICK
DDD
PREFACE
"Justin Martyr is a figure of perennial fascination in the history of
emergent Christianity," wrote Henry Chadwick in 1965. Certainly, Justin's
erudite and passionate defense of Christianity is rich in content, important
and influential. But his train of thought is disorganized, repetitious and
occasionally rambling; and his expression is often inarticulate and obscure.
Evidently, during his odyssey from Nablus to Rome Justin came under
different intellectual influences — from the Biblical exegesis of the Rabbinic
midrash (W. A. Shotwell) and the Judaeo-Christian Schriftbeweistraktate (W.
Bousset, J. Daniélou, O. Skarsaune) to the Middle Platonism (C. Andresen,
N. Hyldahl, S. Lilla), so fashionable in his time. As a consequence, in his
Apologies Justin is building a mosaic consisting of countless particolored
pieces of different origin. Sometimes he so quickly jumps from one locus
communis to another that the reader is at a loss to follow the argument;
and sometimes he only summarily hints at such a locus communis, leaving it
to the reader to guess.
On top of that, Justin's opus is preserved in a single and relatively late
manuscript, the Parisinusgr. 450 (= A), dated 11 September 6872 = 1363.
Unfortunately, A is full of textual gaps, corruptions and scribal errors, in
addition to frequent intrusive marginal glosses (for Justin's Apologies were
a popular reading). Back in 1882, Adolf Harnack estimated that A con-
tained some 200 — 300 errors in the text of the Apologies alone, as compared
to a tenth-century manuscript (such as is the codex Arethae Parisinus gr.
451, copied in A.D. 913 — 914). But, apparently, no editor heeded Har-
nack's warning. The result is that we still do not have a critical edition of
Justin.
The present editor picks up where Harnack had left off. The edition is
based on a careful study of A and the nature of errors its scribe makes;
of the secondary tradition (notably, Eusebius); of Justin's Dialogue with
Trypho; finally, of Justin's probable sources. Of course, many corruptions
remain, but I am confident that the text offered is, under the circumstances,
reasonably reliable.
The preparation of this volume was made possible in part by a generous
grant from the National Endowment for the Humanities (an independent
federal agency) in Washington for 1990, as well as by a fellowship from
the Arnold O. Beckman Research Endowment at the University of Illinois
at Urbana-Champaign for 1991. I am deeply grateful both to N.E.H. and
to the Beckman Institute.
Vili Preface
I am equally indebted to Miss DANICA LÉCO, Conservateur de la Salle
des manuscrits of the Bibliothèque Nationale in Paris, for kindly placing
the precious A at my disposal for months; to the Apostolic Vatican
Library, and to the Bodleian Library at Oxford, where the bulk of work
was done; last but not least, to the late Professor KURT ALAND for his
constant encouragement and unwavering support.
The edition is dedicated to Sir HENRY CHADWICK, F.B.Α., as a small
token of my admiration for his great scholarly achievements and in sincere
gratitude for a longstanding friendship.
Urbana, Summer 1994 Μ. M.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Preface VII
Abbreviations X
Introduction 1
Apologia Maior 31
Apologia Minor 135
Appendix I 161
Appendix II 165
Indices 169
Index locorum 171
Index nominum 175
Index verborum 178
ABBREVIATIONS
SIGLA
A Parisinus gr. 450, a.D. 1363 exaratus, fol. 193' -241'
a Musei Britannici Loan 36 [olim Claromontanus 82], a.D. 1541 exaratus, codicis
A apographon
O Ottobonianus gr. 274, saec. XVI, fol. 1'—2' (continet 1 Apol. cc. 65—67)
Eus. Eusebii Historia ecclesiastica, ed. E. Schwartz (G.CS. Eus. II.1 — 3, Lipsiae
1903; 1908; 1909)
Dam. Excerpta ex Ioannis Damasceni Sacri: paralleli!, Nrr. 94—101, ed. C. Holl
(T.U. XX. 2, Lipsiae 1899)
BREVIATA
* textus periit: lacuna in A
lacunam in textu coniecere viri docti
taßyf vox corrupta
[αβγ] vox delenda
<αβγ> vox addenda
EDITIONUM ABBREVIATIONES
Steph. [lustini Opera omnia]. Ex Bibliotheca Regia. Lutetiae, ex officina Roberti
Stephani typographi Regii, Regiis typis. M.D.LI. (1 Apol., pp. 135—63; 2
Apol., pp. 129—34; Appendix, pp. 163-65; Adnotationes, p. 313s.). [Ex cod.
A]
Sylburg lustini ... Opera ..., opera Friderici Sylburgii Veter. [Heidelbergae.] Ex Ty-
pographeio Hieronymi Commelini, a. Chr. MDXCIII. (1 Apol., pp. 41—80;
2 Apol., pp. 32-41; Annotationes, pp. 403-09; 435-38 et 490). Cum Latina
Ioannis Langi versione passim emendata
Grabe lustini ... Apologia prima pro Christianis ad Antoninum Pium ..., edita a Ioanne
Ernesto Grabe. Oxoniae, e theatro Sheldoniano, a.D. MDCC
Hutchin lustini ... Apologia secunda pro Christianis ..., edita ab H. Hutchin. Oxoniae, e
theatro Sheldoniano, MDCIII, pp. 1—37
Thirlby Iustini ... Apologiae duae et Dialogus cum Tryphone Iudaeo. Cum notis et emen-
dationibus Styani Thirlbii. Londini: Impensis Richardi Sare ..., MDCCXXII.
(1 Apol., pp. 1-105; 2 Apol., pp. 106-35; Addenda, p. 444)
Maran Iustini ... Opera quae exstant omnia ... Opera et studio unius ex monachis
Congregationis S. Mauri [i.e. Prudentii Marani], Parisiis, sumptibus Caroli
Osmont, via San-Iacobaea, M.DCC.XLII = P.C. VI (Parisiis, 1857 = 1884),
coli. 327—470. [Usus est codd. A et a; Apologias in capita divisit]
