Table Of ContentFOREWORD.
Sucwho rds" caosl o"ufra,v"o ur," ""lhaobnoo"uusrra,,v""i o"usrp,l"e n
dour",v"a pou"rv,i"g oaunrd,s "uc oht hleirkw eor dass" unfavou,r"a ble
etca.r,pe r inatset dh ewye rsep elblyet dh aeu thmoorr teh afinf tyye ars
sincweh,es nu cshp ellwienrgpesr oper.
Supposief, onet hcaattnh ,ei mmortwaorlk osf S hakespheaadr e
remainuendp ubliusnhteitdlo -day-twhoorskets o w hicEhn glish
literoawteussro em uch-thwoosrek wsh icohp ened thoef m esnouls
whicdhi sdo m uchf ocri vilitzhartoiutoghnhg e e nioufts h igsre darta ma
tiasntd hisatsos rhioawinnnh is expoofst ihtcehi aorna actnedpr a ssions
ofh umanity.
Ourg reaatp osctulel tivaantoetdhfi eerl ad n,e wa nda lmossatc red
fieldi notfe lleencdteuaavlo r.
Hek newa,sw elalsd idM axM tilltehratt,h ePr oto-Araynadtn hse
Indo-Arwyearnoesu rp hysilcailn,g uiansdtp ihci losopahnictceoasrls ;
andh ek newt hatth em onotheiIsrtainco -Arwyearonesu rr eligious,
religio-phialnodss poiprhiiatcnuacalel s ;ta onrdsv .·hiitsth r aennsdcent
geniusp lahcebe esf ooruer mevnitsailto hne habmiitgarta,ta inodn s
earplrye -hihsitsotrooifrct y h eosuear n cestors.
Hem ade ohwinse nvirotn,sm ternuggilnai nni gs olaltieftdeh ,o ugh
fillweidt thh eh ighdeistg nitthyao,tf e nnoblgienngi huasp,p iyn t he
thougthhtah te w oulgdi vues so methibnygw hicwhe m ighbtem ade
muchh appierb eatntmdee rn a,n dt hahte m ighlti vien omuerm ories
fowrh ahte h adb eetnou s afnodur s .
Thespea gessh ohwi fsa miliwairtiht wyto hroekf :A nquedtuiePlr ron,
BenfeByl,e e(ctkr ansloafSt piioelng) Be,o ppB,u nseBnu,rn ouf, Haug,
MuirM, t illNeerri,o s,eP nagnhintih,eR awlinbsroont h(eSrisHr e nry
andM r.G eoer)g, RSoptihee,lgW ,e stergaWahridt,n aenyd W indisch
mann.
He,wh oh adw ritptoeenm osn t hgeo dosf G recimaynt holboegfyo re
hew ast wenyteya rosfa gew,h icpho emwse raec corhdiegdph r aiisne
Blackw'osMo adgaziannedw, h ow ast horoufgahmliylw iiattrhh weo rks
ofP lataon dP hiliont hoer igiGnraele wkh,o w ast horoufgahmliyl iar
witthh e woorftk hseC hurcFha thearnsdw itthh osoeft heC hristian
andP agahni stormiaayn s,w ebelr le garadsef da milwiiatrch l assical
Greewkh;o htarda nsltahtPeea dn deocftJ su stiannidat nh Mea ximosf
thReo maLna wm,i ghwte lbler egaradsef da milwiiatLrha tiwnh;oh ad,
morteh an yfiefatraysg ow,r itat etnr ansloafta inodCn o mmentoanr y
•
thHee breKwa balaha, H eabsr eswc hloawrh;o ster ansloafat nidoC no m-
mentaornyt hVee diHcy mnsi,nt wenltayr vgoel umweosn,f ohri mf ame
aso ne ofg rtehaetS easnts,k trs ic holoafhr isps e ri;wo hdosLee ctuorne s
thAer yaisne igghoto ldyv olum(efso ounrt hIer ano-Aarnydaf nosuo rn
theI ndo-Araynadno st)h ewro rklsi kteh per eseonnte s hotwh ahte had
.
welela rntehdt ei tgliev ehni mf oryteya rs assi" ntchee grelaitveisntg
Orielnitsat."
Thet aswkh ichhe haasds ighniemds ienlt fh iwso rk twoas se arocuht
altlh ee videwnhciec hhi psh enomenwaelllly- smtionraednd d h iwse ll
schooploewde orfsd iscrimiannaatliycvsoeiu slb dr intgob eaurp otnh is
greparto bloefrm e ligpihoiulso swohpihcysh,of ascineavteertsyh oughtful
persoHna.v inbege an ChieJfu stoifca e S upreCmoeu rhte,h adb een
schootlowe edi gehv idence.
Theq uotatfiroontmsh eB iblwer,i tbteefno trhepe ublicoatfti hoen
RevisVeedr osni,a ree videnftrleeyqn utlfyr otmh eH ebreowr G reek
editiooftn hseB ookosft hBei bloerf, r otmh Veu lgate.
Shoutlhde arre ias qeu estoifot nh er enderoifpn ags saignea s m ore
orl esfsr agmenmtaanrnyew rr,i ttinea nl anguoafgw eh icthh ewraes n o
dictioinnea xriys tetnhcere e,a dsehro uclodn sitdheerr e nderoifn gt he
Pentatweruicthbt eefno trhede a yosf M asoreptoiicnw thse,en v ehni ghly
skilHleebdr eswc holcaorusln do ta greet oap sa ssages.
Thiissn oatb ootko b er eacdu rsorily.
Iti sn otd ifficutlort e altihzaeit ns ucah c ombinaotfqi uoont ations,
extrapcatrsa,p hraansdce osm mentwarriy,t treanp idwliyt,qh u ipleln s
ofh iosw nm akei,n a smaclulr,s ihvaen dt,h et ranscmraiybh earv e
occasiofnaailltleoygd i vdeu ec reidtf oar uthorsThhiopsw.eh ok new
theGe neraanldh ilsi terhaarbyik tnso,wh owf oreaingdnd etesttaob le
himw asp lagiarism.
Thew ritwehro, has atttote rmapntsecdfr aiibteh tfhuiglsrl eyWa otr k,
fillweidt rhe verefnoctreh mee moroyfi tgsi ftaeudt hdoers,i trheast all
sinisnt hicsa tegionrt yh iwosr bke a scritboe d
M.W . Wooo,
Transcriber.
Septemb1er9,2 4.
PREFATORY.
Ia ppendteotd h eW orko nT heF aitahn dW orshoifpt hAer yanas ,
chaptueprot nh Zee ndCiocm posictoinotnasi innte hdec ollecktnioownn
ast he" Zend-Av"e tshtema o,rer ececnotr rneactm ef orw hicihst he
"Avestnad-.ZT"eh es liegxhatm inawthiiocInht h emna doef t hemsoes t
ancieemnbto dimoefnAt rsy atnh ougshoti t,ne resmtee da tsop ersuade
met oa morcea reafnudle xtenodnede ; anrde shualistnt e hdia st tempt
partitaodl ilsyc otvheermi era ning.
n
Iti s bteoa book chiceofnljye cotafud r seusg gieosntsI. m ake
nop retentsoia onnycs r itkincoawll eodftg heZe e nodr B actrliaanng t,�age�
andh ave fomro spttah reht a da,sa ids to aitnitooennr,lpt yrhe Eetn glish
texftu,r nibsyhB elde e(cfkr oSmp iegaenldb) y D rH.a ugw,i tthh neo tes
accompantyhientigrr a nslatTihoernesf.Io k rneo wo,fc ourtshea,t this
.
worcka nb eo f gnroe vaatl uaen;d coannlh yo pteh aittm a yb ef ountdo
·
contrisboumteet htionwga rds icnotrerrepcrte otfta hteiosolend maundt i-
latemdo numenotfst heA ryarna ceI. d arestahya mty conjectures
wiblelo ftfeonu ntdo obvee ro-lbdb,u t I will notth aawtph,oe lroeg ize for
conjectsuoor fet tehnfe o rcreeds oufno:;iren terpretation.
is
Fewn ameosf a ntiquairteoy f tenmeern tiotnheadtn h aotf Z oro
astefre;wa ncieOnrtd eorfsP rieosrtM se nt hatnh eM agia;n de very
mano fm oderaatceq uainwtianttchhe ea nciernetl ighiaosrn esa odf
Ormuzadn dA hrimatnh,er ivparli nciopfgl oeosad nde villi,g ahntd
darkn;e stoshfce r eatwiovredH onovearn,dt heA mshaspaDnedvss,,
Izedasn dF erouearnsdo, f Z eruaAnkeh eretnhee,p rimTailm eo,f
MithtrhaSe u n-GaonddS, o siotshceh Satvoic ooumre .
TheP ersiansc owneqruee brye adn dr eceitvheedr ierl igfiroonm
thMee dewsh,o w erAer yaenm igrafnrtoBsma ctrTihae.e arlaicescto unt
of the orfe litMghaiego in givaeG nr ebcyiw arni tiesr tbhyHa etr oodtus,
in Bo1o,Ck h apt1er3s1 -H2e.s ays:
Ik notwh.a tt heP ersioabnsse rtvhee csues tomIsti. sn octo mmoanm ong
thetmo h avied omlasd et,e mpblueisal ntd,a ltaerrse cttehdea;yc cuosffe o lly
thowseh od os o.I c ana ccofuontrth at, froontmlh ye niorbt elietvhiantg the
Godasr lei kmee na,s t heH ellednoe.s Theayc caursett oomb erdisa ncgr ifices
toZ euosn t hseu mmiotfms o untatihnescy;a ll whtohlceei r[chleem ispherical
vaulZte!u sT.h eyb risancgr ifitcoet sh es unm,o one,a rtfihr,ew ,a tearn,d
windtsh,e osrei gibneailtnlhgye oonbljyeo cfwt osr shbiuptt; h ey acfcreopmt ed
thAes syrainadAn rsa btsh weo rsohfiA pp hrodtihtQeeu ,e eonf Heawvheonm,
thAes syrciaaMlnylsl ettthae, Arabs PAelristitMaain,ts r tah.e
TheP ersibarnisnsa gc rifitcote hsea foregsoadisdt hiefn o llomwainnnge r:
Thenye itehreerac ltt naorksri ndfilreew sh etnh ey aabroeut otb rgi·an sa crifice.
Thenye ituhseleri batnioorfln su,t enso,rw reatnhosrba, r lebyu;tw heann y one
desitroeb sr ians ga crihfiec et chaernr tihesaesc rifibceiaastlt o pau rsep oatn,d
afthearv itnwgi nreodu nd tuhribasan g reat mwarneya tohfms y rtilnep ,r efer
ence antyo otlheeahfre, i nvoktehseD e itTy.h esa crifiocuegrh nto tt op ray
onlfyo hri's opwrno srpie;ty hmues atl sop rafyo trh wee lfoafra elt lh Pee rsians,
andf otr heK ingb,e cauhseei si ncluadmeodn tgh emW.h enh eh asc utt he
animianlt poi ecehse,t hebno iiltss flsepsrhe,at dhsse o ftgesrta shsec ang e·t ,
especiparlelfye rcrlionvagen rdp, l actehspe i eceosffl esohn i t.Af thearv imnagd e
thiasr rangeomneeon ftt ,hM ea gwih oi spr esseinntag t sh eogonayst, h ecya ltlh e
incantaWtiitohno.ou nteo ft heM agnio sa crificcaenb e brhotu.Ag ftweari t
inag s hotrti mteh,sae c rifitcaekroe sfft hpei eceflse soahfn, d utsehse ams h e
likes.
(Thciuss tom imsa isnttialiblny te hd ePa rseTchse.o fferiinsfig r scto n
secratbeydt hPer iestth,e lne fftoa rs hotritm nee atrh fier ea,n dfi naltlayk en
offb yt hsaec rifictoebe r u,s ebdy h im.I ti sn evterh rowinn ttoh fier e. Haug.J
Hea lsso� ytsh atth ebye lieFvierdte o b ea Godw,h erefCoarme
bysecso mmitat gerde astii nn b urnitnhgec o rposfe tKhien Agm asis.
Lyinwga sr egarbdyet dh eams t hmeo sdti scredtihtianabgnl,den extto
itt hei ncurorfid negb cth,i effloyrt her eastohna tth ede btiosro f ten
compeltlote edll ile Tsh.e yw oulndo t sipnitotorw asthh ehiarn disn
ar ivneroa,rl laonwy oenlest eod o sfoot;rh ey aph aiigdrh e veretnoc e
n. vers.
Iti su selteosq su otweh aitss aibdy o thGerre ewkr itoerrb syt hose
ofA rmenoirat hMeo hammed'ainrnse, g atrodt htee neotfts h eP ersian
faistihn;tc hee hsaed g reatly chatnhgete idm eoasffZ taerra thuasntdr a
hidsi sciapnlde si mmesduicactees sTohresyw. i lblef ounqdu otbeyd
DrH.a ugi,nC haptIe,or fh i"sH istoorfy tRhees earicnhtetsoh e Sacred
WritianngdRs e ligoifto hnP ea rsewehsi."cf ho rmtsh efi rst opfah rits
Essaoynst hSea crLeadn guaWgrei,t ianngdsR eligoifto hnPe a rsepeusb,
lishaetd Bomibna1 y8 62W.e m usats cerwthaaittnh oer igitneanleo tfs
three ligoifto hneI rano-Arwyearnefs r otmh Zee nd-Avietssteaaln fd,
frotmh oel decsotm posiotfit ohnacsto llection.
Dr.H aug ditvhielda ensg uaogfe sP ecrosmiam,o nclayl lIerda nian,
inttow od ivisions:
1.I ranliaanng uaignte hsse t ricsteensset.
2. Affiliattoendg ues.
Thefi rsdti viscioomnp ritsheaesn cient, miadnddml oed earlgnae n guages
ofI rain.,oe f.P ,er sMiead,i a Baancdt roira ,c hoifet flhyo CseO !Jntwrhiiecashr e
stylientd h Zee nd-AvteshtAear yacno unt(rAieisr Dyadnoh awW)e. m ayc lass
them follows:
a.s
(a)T heE asItr aann oirB actrbiraann cehx,t aonntl iyn t het wod ialects
inw hicthh esc anftrya gmeonftt hse P arseSec ripatruerw er ittTehne.m ore
ancientth eommfa yb ec alltehdeG dlhdai alebecctau,se t hela rgaensdtm ost
importpainetcp ersese rveidnt hpiesc uliidairao rmte h seo -caGlllHehdoli rss ongs;
n
thyeo ugeri,nw hicmho sotf t hbeo oks wnhoiwcm ha keu pt heZ end-Avesta
..
II
arwe rittmeany, callaendc iBeanctt rian, Zenlda nguawghei,c h
be ort hec lassical
wasf orm anyc enturtihes es pokenan dw rittleann guoafgB ea ctria.. . . .
TheB acrtialna nguasegeemts o h aveb eedny inogu tin th et hircde ntuBry.C, . ,
dugte beenl eft.
no a h ro ft hemh aving
ZendD,r .H augs ayesl sewhiesrq eu,i at ep urAer yadni aletchte,
eldseirs toefSr a nstk,br iutn ot tohfeS anskorfit th eV eda.H es ays
further:
(b)T he WestI ranilana nguaogre s,t hoofseM ediaa ndP ersiTah.ey
arek nowtno u sd urintgh et hrepeeriod s, antqiuity,m iddalge'e asn dm odern
times;o nbluiytn odniea levcitz,. : whtihcaahtte verpye riseordv ed the
as
writtleann guatghreuo,g houtt heI raniapnr ovincoesf theP ersiaEnm
pir.e . . . Of. t hea nciePnetr siaa fne,w d ocumenatrse n owe xtanitn
thec uneifoirnmsc ripotfit ohneksin g so ft heA ch.emendiyanna sttoyb ,ef ound
int hreu ionfsP e rsepolitsh,re oc k BehisnteaurnH ,a madaann,dso m eo ther
on of
e stanndesa retsot twoB actrdiiaanl ects
plasc ofP ersiTah.i sl anguage the of
theZ end-Avesbtuats, h owhso,w evesorm,e p eculiar.i t..i . e Ist.i su n
doubtedly moderPne rsni;ba ut differebnectewse tehnte w o
the motohfte rh e the
aren everthgerleaetas;ns d t or eaadn du nderstancdu neiform
the inscriptior:ts,
writtienn anentP ersitahneS, a nskrit areo nly
the ci and Zenadl,t houtghhe y
sisthearvspe,r ovteod mboer uese futlh aintd sa ughttehrme,o d erPensr ian.
TheP ehletvhia,fto romf t heP ersitaonn gcuuer riennPt e rsdiuar
ingt heSa ssanriual(ne2 35-6A4.D0 .,) a,nd i ntwoh icthh ec hipeafr ts
oft heZ end-Av(eYsat�an Vai,s pearendd Vendidasdo)m em ainndo r
piecweesr ter ansliast eltdah,ne g uoafgt eh Beu ndehaensdoh t hbeoro ks,
andw,i tvha riatoifom nansy,c oiannsd i nscriptIitio san msi.x tuorfe
SemiatnidcI raneilaenm tesnt,h See miptairc t baeliwnaigyd se ntwiictahl
Chaldfeoer masn dw ordasn,dt hIer anwiiatnPh e rs.i aTnhen ona-nIiran
elemeinsct a llbeytd hPea rsPerei �Hsutzsv,o roesrhH uzvareAsbho.u t
700,A .D .t,h ePe hlecevais teodb ea livilnagn guagteh,re e bsyt oration
ofp urIer aniwoarnd s, thaeen xdt erminoaftt hiefo onr eiHgunz voresh
words.,w riintc ionmgm entaries osnu brjeelcTithgseri. eso tuosr leadn
guagseo,p urifiweadsc, a llPebde ndT.h iwsa su sefdr o7m00 toI IOO,
A.D .w,h emno derPne rstioanoi kt psl acaev ,a sntu mbeorfA rabwiocr ds
beinign corpowriatttheh de P�ozreP nadr steoen gwueh,i csht iflolram n
insepapraarbotlft e h lea nguage.
Iti sa lstoo b en otetdh atth eS emitiincfl uecnacues etdh eZ end
tob ew rittleinkH,ee brefwr,o rmi gthotl efwth,i tlhee Sanisswk rriittt en
frolme ft to right.
Dr. Htahuign tkhsa t:
thec hierfea sono ft heg rammatdiecfaeloc ft st phree setnetx otfts h Zee ndv-eAs ta
iso wintgo t hewa nto f grammatcials tudaimeosn tgh ea nciePnetr siaannds
BactriTahnseZ. e nidsa h ighdleyv eloipeddi ormi,ci hni nflexiiont nhsve,e rbs
andn ounsI.nt hefo r er,w herteh reneu mberasn de ighcta sesc anbe distin-
m
...
Ill
guisheidta, g reaesl moscto mpletweiltyth h eV ediSca nskraintd;i nt hel attietr
exhibitgsr eatae vra rieotfyf ormt hant hec lassSiacnaslk riBte.s idheessa ,y s,
we find. am ultituofdc eo mpounwdo rdosf variousa nkdit nhdeses n,t encaerse
joinetdo gethienar n e aswya y,w hicihs a ptt oc ontribluatreg etloyw aradq su ick
understanodfi ntggh een erseanlse ofp assagesI.ti sa genuisnies toefSr a nskrit,
GreekLa,t ina ndG othibcu;t w e findh ern ol ongienrt hep rimoef l ifseh;e i s
.
presentteodu sr atheinrh erd eclinaigneg.
Therei se verrye ason[ het hinksto) ,b elietvhea tt heg rammaro f the
Bactrilaann guawgaes n evefirx eidna nyw ayb y ruleass,t heS anskrwiats ;so
thatc orruptiaonndas b breviatoifof nosr mwse reu navoidaabnldea ,l mosatl l
knowledogfet ·h ee xacmte aninogft het erminatdiioneosdu tw,h ent hea ncient
Iranilaann guaguensd erwetnhte c hangfer omi nflectetdo uninflecotneeds .
Aftetrh att,h eP riesitgsn,o raonfgt r ammar, mereloyu tct ohpeZi aerda thustrian
bookmsec hanicalolrwy r,o tteh emo utf romm emoryo,f c oursef ulolf b lunders
andm istakfeosrw; h icrhe asotnh ec opineosw i nu se arei nt he modsetp lorable
conditaisor ne gargdrsa mmar.
Int hter anslabty Biloenesfc rko,tm h Gee rmaonfP rofesSspoire gel,
oft hAev esta-tZhedeni dff, erpeonrtt iaornens o ta rranagcecdo irndtgo
theiagre .F ircsotm etsh eV endid(�vdi -Daevo-wdhaatites gm i.v en
againDsate va,si )n2 2F argarodrs ,c hapwtheircishsf; o llobwyet dh e
Vispe(rseadbi ydS pietgoem le a"na lLlo rdosr"t" oa lLlo rdisn,v"o cations
beinugn derstHoaoudgs. a yisti sVt �pr2a tavmoe,a ni"naglh le ad)sa,"
collecoftp iroany ecrosm,p osoef2d 3 c haptaecrcsoi rndtgo H auga,n do f
27a ccoirndtgo SpieTgheelfn.o lltohwyeso ungYear!; nian, c2h7a pters;
andt hesne veGn� th(�hs ymnsso,n gosro, d esn)u,m beraescd h aptoefr s
thYea �nfar oxmx vitioli v.. T heya ret hGea thAahsu nav(aYiatr;2i.8
to3 4;)H aptanh(a3it5to i 4U1s)t;v a(i4tt2io 4 5){;;p �nMtaaiy nO ( 4t6o
49)V;o hu-Khsh(asto5h,r1 a)V ;a hist(o5i2sat)ni;d t heA iryalnsah yo
(5t3o ss).
Thenf olltohwe{; rosYha sh(t5 6a)n,dY a!;n(a5 7t o7 1)L.a sits
thKeh udaAhv esctoan,t aianmionngog t hepri ectewse,n Ytays h(tys esti,
"worshbiypp r ayearnsds acrificaedsd"r)e,st soae nd dl audivnagr ious
Deitainedsc o,n taimnainnyg Arlyeagnes n.d
Buto fa ltlh esteh,eG atM'iarse v ermyu cht heo ldesAtn.q uetil's
translaDtriH.oa nu,gs aymsa,y ,i nt hVee ndidaanddo thbeoro ksse,r ve
asa guidfeo ars certatihnegie nnge rsaeln; sb euti nt hGea thahsei, s
utteirnlsyu fficaisae g nuti edvee n tfhoart" .T hceh ireefsa onh,e"s ays,
"itsh pee culioaftr hiitsy paosrt toli aonng uaangdie d eaTsh.e cyo ntain
nod escriopftc ieorne moannideo sb servaansct ehsVe,e ndiddaode nso,r
anye numeraotfit ohneg l oriouso fa fnegaetalssst ,h eYa shdtos, b ut
philosoapnhdai bcsatlr tahcotu gahntdst ,h edyi ffweird eflryo aml olt her
piecceosn taiinnte hdZe e nd-AveAsstt ah.e y havuen ibneteenl tloi gible
thPea rsperei efsotsrse vetrhaolu syae.cnd1. rwsec, a nneoxtp eAcntq uetil
toh avgei vaen f aianptp roxismtaattee moeftn hte giern ercaoln tents."
•
IV
We shasleleh ereatftheaDrtr .H aug hwahso ladl iyff ergeennte ral
ideoaf t hecsoem posiftrioomn s thParto foefsS spoire gaenldt, h atth e
rendeorifan lgm oesvte rvye rbsyeo nei swi dedliyff erfernottm h aotf the
otheWrh.e thtehre cyo ntain phialnodsa obpshtirtcahacoltu ghatnsd ,
arec orcrteluyn derstbyoe oidt hterra nslaantdoi rfs, o b,y w hicwhe,
musetn deavtoodu irs cover.
MeanwhiIl mea,ys ayh erte,h aIt a m satisffireodim,n terenvail
dencaem plfyu rnibsyh edtH hyem ntsh emselasvI eu sn,d erstthaenmd,
thaDtr .Ha uigs c orriencs ta yianngdr epaetiantgp age3s9 1, 151,3 a8n d
21o8f h iEss sayts,h a"tt hGe� thc�osn tatihneu n doubtteeadc hoifn g
Zarathuhsitmrsaea lshf e,i mparittetd oh idsi scipalnedts h;at"th fiev e
G�th�Ash,u navaUisttiv,a <;i;tpi�,nM taai nyus, Vohu-Kahnsdh athrem
Vahistoriesatlailsscy ,a, n nboetd oubtceodn,t atihsnea yianngdst each
ingosf t heg reafto undoefr tPhaer sreeel igZiaorna,t hu<;s;tpriat ama
himself.
"Whitlhee optahretrs ,s"a yhse,
aren owhesaried bet ot hweo rokf Z arath<;upsittraahm iam sehleif s,i, n the
<;rosYha shdti stianncdtel xyp remsesnltyi oanste hdea uthooftr h easen cient
ands acrseodn gWsh.e reiants h e owtohrekorsf tZheen d-AvZeasrtaat,h ustra
iss pokoefin n t hteh ipredr soann,de veonc casiionnvaolklaeysad d ivibneei ng,
int hGell thhlless peaokfhs i mseilnft hfier spte rsoann,da cttsh rougahsao ut
manw hoi sc ommissbiyoG noedtd o p erform a gWreefi antdh itmpa lsakc.e d
amonmge ns,u rroubnyd ehfdir si eKnadvs�,- Vi�jtllam��psaapn,adF rashaostra,
preachingc outnot rhyaim nsee nwa ndm orpeu rree ligeixohno,r tthientmgo
leave iadnodtl oaw torrys thhilepi vGiondgo nly.
Andw e shafilnld I, t hintkh,a tth esGea th�asr er ealplayt riotic
effusiionntse,n tdoea dr ouasnedu nittheAe r yapno pulaatgiaointn hset
Infidferlostm h Neo rtwhh oh adi nvadaendd conqtuhecero eudn torray
larpgae rt itof; anrde vtohlietn eddi geTnuoruasn iwahnohs a da llied
themsewlivtehhsi mt,h aZta rathussuctcreae idnie nds piwriitcnhog u rage
andt hef ervourre loifg zieoautlsh el ukewaarnmdd ishearotfet nheed
oppresAsreyda nwsa,sh imsae blrfa vseo ldainedsr k illlefaudlae nrdn, o t
a Prieasntdfi, n alalcyh,i evcionmpgl veitcet obreyc,a mteh e Koiftn hge
MothCeoru ntarnydi tCso lonies.
TheY a�nHaa ptariwhhaiicSthpi i,e gienlc luadmeosn tgh eG athas,
ast hteh iirsdt ,ob ed istinguHiasuhtgeh di,nf krso,tm h Gea thatsh,o ugh
writtienn tGhaet hd�i aleacntdu, n doubtedloyl dvT.eh reyri esn o
sufficeiveindte hnect eh,i ntkots r,a icte Ztaor athuhsitmrsaeI ltfi. sn ot
praiasmeodn tgh Ge� thiasnF, a rgaxridxo .f tVheen didaanddi, nY a�na
lxx".a,lfi lv eG �th�osn"la yr sep okoefn. A ndb,e sidZeasr,a thunsottr a
onldyo enso ts peaikn biuttM, a zda and Zaarrapetr hauissitenrid at
together.
v
Haugpo inotustt hepr incdiipffaelr ebnectewse tehneG �thd�i alect
andt hcel assZiecnadal,n dc onclutdheaistt s gramfmoartmeisvc iadle ntly
represae mnotr ep rimisttiavotefe t hBea ctrliaanng uangeea,rt eori ts
·
Aryasno ur;ca endt haotthefaret ur"eisn diac maotreae n cisetnatog fe
languiang etG h�eth� dtihaalwnee cc ta nd iscoivnte hrce o mmoZne nd."
Butt htew oh,et hin"krse,p reosneean ntdt hsea mlea nguwaigtesh,u ch
changaesms i ghbteb rougahbto uwti thtihnse p acoefo ne towroc en
turiewshe;r"e fhoert eh,i ntkhse G�dtihaalt eocb teo nly one hundred
ora tt he uttmwoohs utn dryeeda rtsh oel der.
TheG athaasr em etripciaelc tesh,a t wseurnega ;n dt he metres
useidnt heamr oef tshaemn ea tuarste h otseh aatr ef ounidnt hVee dic
hymnsT.h eraer en or hymeasn,d t he sylalraemb elreeslc yo unted,
withomuutc ha ttenbteiionnpg a itdo t heqiura ntiEtayc.oh ft he five
Gatheaxsh ibai dtisff ermeenttr vee,r soefst hes amem etrbee inpgu t
togetihrerre,s peocftt hievcieor n tenTthsefi. r sGta thc�o ntavienrss es,
eacohfw hiccho nsiosft ss4y 8l la;ib nlte hse setchomene dt,ri es ofi n5 5;
the tohfi4 r4d,e, t c. nTuhmeb eorfs yllaibsl enasol wta sytsr iocbtly
serv;et dherbee inngo wa ndt heonn,e l esosro nem oreI.n t hefi rst
Gatheaa,c vhe rcsoen siosft st hlrieneeea sc,lh i nceo mprissiixntgse yeln
lableIsnt. h es eocndt,h earree fi vel inienes a csht anezaac,oh f eleven
sylleasbi;ln t het hirfdo,ue ra,c ohf e levseynl laibnlt ehsfe;o urstihx,,
eacohfs ev;ean ndi nt hfief tthh erev aarriemo eutsr es.
TheY ac;nHaa ptanhoari' t'iB,o okS evoefCn h apt"e irssn ,exitn
antiqtuoit thye Gatanhdaa sp,p eaDrrs.H,a usga y"st,bo e t hweo rokf
oneo ft hee arliseusctc esosfot rhseP rophceatl,l ienda ncietnitm es
'Zarath[uwshtirhcaeh'i nsiissat dsy nasotrif ca minlaym el,i k'eP ha
raohb,o'r nbey hissu ccesasso rwsae slh li mseal 'fZ]a,r athustr8tema,'
whod,e viastoimnegw hfarto tmh hei gahn dp urmeo f\othepirsitnicci ple
of� pitammaad,e scoomnec esstioto hnaesd hereonft sta hnet e-Zoroas
triraenl igbiyao dnd,r esspirnagy etroos t hbeeri ntghsa Anh urMaa zda."
Thel anguiangw eh icthh esbeo oks warriet tiesen r roneocuaslllye d
"Zen.d"I tpsr opnearm ies I rani"aZna.n odr"" Zenwda"sa translation
or commeonntt ahrey Avaensdit na ,tP ehhel tervain sloaftt hiYeoa nc; na,
thsec ripitsui,rfm e e ntioanlewda,dy esn otbeyd" A vesta,-'Zse'hn odwing
thatth Zee nwda sr egarbdyet dh et ranslaastp oarrostf t hes cripture.
"Zendn"e vewra sa nameo ft hep eopolre tlhaen guaTghee.p roper
namoe ft hpee opilned,e weads", A ry,a" tahsao tft hpee opolfte h Peu n
jauwba s.I tw ast hen ameo f trhaec; ea ndI s tytlheet wob ranches
"Indo-Ar"ya annd" rIano-A.r"ya n
We daresa y [DrH.a ugr emarktsh]a,tZ enda sw elasl Avestias p reserved
toa certaeixnt enatn,d t obe founidn ttheex twsh ichn owg o by then ame
• ••
Zend-Aves.t a.. .T he.A vestiast obe found chiineY flay� na( oSzre shne),
.
Vl
•
