iPhone 3D Programming: Developing Graphical Applications with OpenGL ES

440 Pages·2010·6.668 MB·English

by  Philip Rideout

iPhone 3D Programming

iPhone 3D Programming
Developing Graphical Applications
with OpenGL ES
Philip Rideout
foreword by Serban Porumbescu
Beijing • Cambridge • Farnham • Köln • Sebastopol • Taipei • Tokyo
iPhone 3D Programming
by Philip Rideout
Copyright © 2010 Philip Rideout. All rights reserved.
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ISBN: 978-0-596-80482-4
[M]
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Frank and Doris Rideout
1916–1998 and 1919–2007

Table of Contents
Foreword .................................................................. xiii
Preface ..................................................................... xv
1. Quick-Start Guide ....................................................... 1
Transitioning to Apple Technology 3
Objective-C 3
A Brief History of OpenGL ES 4
Choosing the Appropriate Version of OpenGL ES 4
Getting Started 5
Installing the iPhone SDK 6
Building the OpenGL Template Application with Xcode 6
Deploying to Your Real iPhone 8
HelloArrow with Fixed Function 9
Layering Your 3D Application 9
Starting from Scratch 11
Linking in the OpenGL and Quartz Libraries 12
Subclassing UIView 13
Hooking Up the Application Delegate 19
Setting Up the Icons and Launch Image 21
Dealing with the Status Bar 22
Defining and Consuming the Rendering Engine Interface 22
Implementing the Rendering Engine 26
Handling Device Orientation 30
Animating the Rotation 31
HelloArrow with Shaders 34
Shaders 34
Frameworks 36
GLView 36
RenderingEngine Implementation 37
Wrapping Up 42
vii
2. Math and Metaphors ................................................... 43
The Assembly Line Metaphor 43
Assembling Primitives from Vertices 44
Associating Properties with Vertices 47
The Life of a Vertex 49
The Photography Metaphor 51
Setting the Model Matrix 55
Setting the View Transform 58
Setting the Projection Transform 59
Saving and Restoring Transforms with Matrix Stacks 62
Animation 64
Interpolation Techniques 64
Animating Rotation with Quaternions 65
Vector Beautification with C++ 66
HelloCone with Fixed Function 69
RenderingEngine Declaration 69
OpenGL Initialization and Cone Tessellation 71
Smooth Rotation in Three Dimensions 75
Render Method 77
HelloCone with Shaders 78
Wrapping Up 81
3. Vertices and Touch Points ............................................... 83
Reading the Touchscreen 83
Saving Memory with Vertex Indexing 89
Boosting Performance with Vertex Buffer Objects 94
Creating a Wireframe Viewer 98
Parametric Surfaces for Fun 100
Designing the Interfaces 104
Handling Trackball Rotation 106
Implementing the Rendering Engine 108
Poor Man’s Tab Bar 111
Animating the Transition 115
Wrapping Up 117
4. Adding Depth and Realism ............................................. 119
Examining the Depth Buffer 119
Beware the Scourge of Depth Artifacts 121
Creating and Using the Depth Buffer 123
Filling the Wireframe with Triangles 125
Surface Normals 128
Feeding OpenGL with Normals 128
The Math Behind Normals 129
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