IoT based Remote Patient Health Monitoring System By Narasimha Rao Jasti Madhu BE, DR AIT ...

67 Pages·2017·2.1 MB·English

IoT based Remote Patient Health Monitoring System

By

Narasimha Rao Jasti Madhu

B.E., DR AIT, India, 2010

A Report

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree

MASTER OF SCIENCE

Department of Computer Science
College of Engineering

KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY
Manhattan, Kansas

2017

Approved by:

Major Professor
Dr. Daniel Andresen
Copyright
© Narasimha Rao Jasti Madhu 2017.
Abstract
With an improvement in technology and miniaturization of sensors, there have been attempts to
utilize the new technology in various areas to improve the quality of human life. One main area of
research that has seen an adoption of the technology is the healthcare sector. The people in need
of healthcare services find it very expensive this is particularly true in developing countries.
As a result, this project is an attempt to solve a healthcare problem currently society is facing. The
main objective of the project was to design a remote healthcare system. It’s comprised of three
main parts. The first part being, detection of patient’s vitals using sensors, second for sending data
to cloud storage and the last part was providing the detected data for remote viewing. Remote
viewing of the data enables a doctor or guardian to monitor a patient’s health progress away from
hospital premises.
The Internet of Things (IoT) concepts have been widely used to interconnect the available medical
resources and offer smart, reliable, and effective healthcare service to the patients. Health
monitoring for active and assisted living is one of the paradigms that can use the IoT advantages
to improve the patient’s lifestyle. In this project, I have presented an IoT architecture customized
for healthcare applications. The aim of the project was to come up with a Remote Health
Monitoring System that can be made with locally available sensors with a view to making it
affordable if it were to be mass produced.
Hence the proposed architecture collects the sensor data through Arduino microcontroller and
relays it to the cloud where it is processed and analyzed for remote viewing. Feedback actions
based on the analyzed data can be sent back to the doctor or guardian through Email and/or SMS
alerts in case of any emergencies.
Table of Contents
List of Figures ............................................................................................................................... vii
List of Tables ............................................................................................................................... viii
Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................................ ix
Chapter 1 - Project Description ....................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Background of the study ....................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Statement of the problem ...................................................................................................... 3
1.3 Purpose of the study .............................................................................................................. 4
1.4 Objective of the study ........................................................................................................... 4
1.5 Limitation of the study .......................................................................................................... 6
Chapter 2 - Literature Study ........................................................................................................... 7
2.1 Development and Clinical Evaluation of a Home Healthcare System Measuring in Toilet,
Bathtub and Bed without Attachment of Any Biological Sensors ............................................. 7
2.2 Intelligent wireless mobile patient monitoring system ......................................................... 8
2.3 The real-time monitoring system for in-patient based on ZigBee ........................................ 9
Chapter 3 - Existing System ......................................................................................................... 10
3.1 Existing System .................................................................................................................. 10
Chapter 4 - Proposed System ........................................................................................................ 12
4.1 Block Diagram .................................................................................................................... 13
Chapter 5 - Sensors and Modules ................................................................................................. 14
5.1 Arduino Micro controller .................................................................................................... 14
5.2 ECG .................................................................................................................................... 16
5.3 GSM/GPRS ......................................................................................................................... 17
5.4 Temperature Sensor ............................................................................................................ 19
5.5 Pressure Sensor ................................................................................................................... 20
5.6 Body Movement Sensor ...................................................................................................... 21
5.7 Humidity Sensor ................................................................................................................. 22
5.8 Toxic Gas Sensor ................................................................................................................ 23
5.9 Air Quality Sensor .............................................................................................................. 24
5.10 Heartbeat Sensor ............................................................................................................... 25
iv
Chapter 6 - Requirement Analysis ................................................................................................ 26
6.1 Functional Requirements .................................................................................................... 26
6.2 Non-Functional Requirements ............................................................................................ 27
6.3 Software Specifications ...................................................................................................... 27
6.4 Hardware Specifications ..................................................................................................... 27
Chapter 7 - System Design ........................................................................................................... 28
7.1 Use Case Diagram .............................................................................................................. 28
7.2 Sequence Diagram .............................................................................................................. 30
Chapter 8 - Database Design......................................................................................................... 31
Chapter 9 - Implementation .......................................................................................................... 32
9.1 Arduino Micro controller Init ............................................................................................. 33
9.2 Location Tracking ............................................................................................................... 34
9.3 Sending data to MySQL database server ............................................................................ 36
9.4 Sending SMS alert .............................................................................................................. 36
9.5 Sending Email alert ............................................................................................................. 37
Chapter 10 - Graphical User Interface .......................................................................................... 38
10.1 Web Page Login ................................................................................................................ 38
10.2 Patient’s Vital Monitoring Page ....................................................................................... 39
10.3 Track Patient Location ...................................................................................................... 41
10.4 Show History of Patient data ............................................................................................ 42
10.5 System Setup ..................................................................................................................... 43
10.6 Results ............................................................................................................................... 44
Chapter 11 - Testing...................................................................................................................... 45
11.1 Testing Levels ................................................................................................................... 45
11.2 System Test Cases ............................................................................................................ 46
Chapter 12 - Performance Testing ................................................................................................ 48
12.1 Performance Testing Challenges in IoT ........................................................................... 48
12.2 Performance Test Cases .................................................................................................... 50
12.3 Fault Tolerance ................................................................................................................. 53
Chapter 13 - Summary of the Study, Conclusion and Recommendations .................................... 54
13.1 Summary of the Study ...................................................................................................... 54
v
13.2 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................ 54
13.3 Recommendations on Future Work .................................................................................. 55
References ..................................................................................................................................... 57

vi
List of Figures

Figure 1: Existing system ............................................................................................................ 11
Figure 2: Flow Chart of Existing system ..................................................................................... 12
Figure 3: Block Diagram of the proposed system ....................................................................... 13
Figure 4: Arduino Board .............................................................................................................. 15
Figure 5: ECG Sensor .................................................................................................................. 17
Figure 6: GSM/GPRS Module ..................................................................................................... 18
Figure 7: Temperature Sensor...................................................................................................... 19
Figure 8: Pressure Sensor ............................................................................................................ 20
Figure 9: Body Movement Sensor ............................................................................................... 21
Figure 10: Humidity Sensor ......................................................................................................... 22
Figure 11: Toxic Gas Sensor ....................................................................................................... 23
Figure 12: Air Quality Sensor ...................................................................................................... 24
Figure 13: Heartbeat Sensor ........................................................................................................ 25
Figure 14: Use Case Diagram ...................................................................................................... 29
Figure 15: Sequence Diagram ...................................................................................................... 30
Figure 16: Webpage Login .......................................................................................................... 38
Figure 17: Patient’s Vital Monitoring Page ................................................................................. 40
Figure 18: Patient Location Tracking maps Page ........................................................................ 41
Figure 19: Patient Vitals History Page ........................................................................................ 42
Figure 20: System Setup .............................................................................................................. 43

vii
List of Tables
Table 1: Test case for navigation from Login page ..................................................................... 46
Table 2: Test case for navigation from Monitoring page to Google maps page .......................... 46
Table 3: Test case for navigation from Google maps page to Monitoring page .......................... 47
Table 4: Test case for system sending SMS alert ........................................................................ 47
Table 5: Test case for system sending email alert ....................................................................... 48
Table 6: Perfomance test on IoT framework ............................................................................... 49
Table 7: Test case checking time taken to send data to cloud ..................................................... 50
Table 8: Test case for checking time taken to initialize GSM ..................................................... 51
Table 9: Test case for checking time taken to initialize GPRS .................................................... 51
Table 10: Test case for checking time taken to fetch data from cloud and relay on web ............ 52
Table 11: Test case for checking time taken to fetch data from sensor to Micro controller ........ 52
Table 12: Test case for checking time taken to send SMS alert .................................................. 53
Table 13: Test case for checking time taken to send Email alert ................................................. 53
Table 14: Test case for checking time taken to display patient history ....................................... 53

viii
Acknowledgements
I would like to extend my sincere thanks to my academic advisor, Dr. Daniel Andresen, who
encouraged and motivated me in developing this project and constant guidance throughout the
development of this project. I take immense pleasure in expressing my sincere gratitude to my
committee members, Dr. Mitchell Neilsen and Dr. William Hsu, who despite their busy schedule
made time to serve on my committee and for providing their valuable feedback on the project.
I would like to extend my sincere gratitude for the academic and technical staff of the Computer
Science at K-State for their support throughout my graduate studies by providing the required
resources.
This would be incomplete without acknowledging the love and support of my parents and
Friends who always stood by me at every point of life.

ix
Chapter 1 - Project Description
1.1 Background of the study
What is a Remote Health Monitoring System?
A Remote health monitoring system is an extension of a hospital medical system where a
patient’s vital body state can be monitored remotely. Traditionally the detection systems were only
found in hospitals and were characterized by huge and complex circuitry which required high
power consumption. Continuous advances in the semiconductor technology industry have led to
sensors and microcontrollers that are smaller in size, faster in operation, low in power consumption
and affordable in cost.
This has further seen development in the remote monitoring of vital life signs of patients especially
the elderly. The remote health monitoring system can be applied in the following scenarios:
1. A patient is known to have a medical condition with unstable regulatory body system. This is in
cases where a new drug is being introduced to a patient.
2. A patient is prone to heart attacks or may have suffered one before. The vitals may be monitored
to predict and alert in advance any indication of the body status.
3. Critical body organ situation
4. The situation leading to the development of a risky life-threatening condition. This is for people
at an advanced age and maybe having failing health conditions.
5. Athletes during training. To know which training regimes will produce better results.
In recent times, several systems have come up to address the issue of remote health
monitoring. The systems have a wireless detection system that sends the sensor information
wirelessly to a remote server. Some even adopted a service model that requires one to pay a
subscription fee. In developing countries, this is a hindrance as some people cannot use them due
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