Introduction to Veterinary Science

418 Pages·2016·41.914 MB·English

by  MeeCee Baker, James Lawhead

Third Edition
Introduction to
VE TERINARY
SCIENCE
James B. Lawhead • meecee Baker
Copyright 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. WCN 02-200-203
This is an electronic version of the print textbook. Due to electronic rights restrictions,
some third party content may be suppressed. Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed
content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. The publisher reserves the right
to remove content from this title at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. For
valuable information on pricing, previous editions, changes to current editions, and alternate
formats, please visit www.cengage.com/highered to search by ISBN, author, title, or keyword for
materials in your areas of interest.

Important notice: Media content referenced within the product description or the product
text may not be available in the eBook version.

Copyright 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. WCN 02-200-203
Introduction to
VeterInary ScIence
Copyright 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. WCN 02-200-203
Copyright 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. WCN 02-200-203
Introduction to
VETERINARY
SCIENCE
Third Edition
JAMES B. LAWHEAD, V.M.D.
MEECEE BAKER, PH.D.
Australia • Brazil • Mexico • Singapore • United Kingdom • United States
Copyright 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. WCN 02-200-203
Introduction to Veterinary Science, © 2017, 2009 Cengage Learning
Third Edition
WCN: 01-100-101
James B. Lawhead
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright
MeeCee Baker
herein may be reproduced, transmitted, stored, or used in any form
or by any means graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including but not
SVP, GM Skills & Global Product
limited to photocopying, recording, scanning, digitizing, taping, Web
Management: Dawn Gerrain
distribution, information networks, or information storage and retrieval
Product Director: Matthew Seeley
systems, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976
Product Manager: Nicole Sgueglia United States Copyright Act, without the prior written permission of the
Senior Director, Development: publisher.
Marah Bellegarde
Senior Product Development Manager: For product information and technology assistance, contact us at
Larry Main Cengage Learning Customer & Sales Support, 1-800-354-9706
Content Developer: Mary Clyne For permission to use material from this text or product,
Product Assistant: Maria Garguilo submit all requests online at www.cengage.com/permissions.
Further permissions questions can be e-mailed to
Vice President, Marketing Services:
[email protected]
Jennifer Ann Baker
Marketing Director: Michele McTighe
Library of Congress Control Number: 2015943888
Senior Production Director: Wendy Troeger
ISBN: 978-1-1115-4279-5
Production Director: Andrew Crouth
Senior Content Project Manager:
Betsy Hough
Cengage Learning
Art Director: Benjamin Gleeksman 20 Channel Center Street
Cover and Interior Design Credits: Cat Boston, MA 02210
Ultrasound: ©Ermolaev Alexander/ USA
Shutterstock; Test Tubes: ©nimon/
Shutterstock; Cells: ©olgaru79/
Cengage Learning is a leading provider of customized learning solutions
Shutterstock; Dog: ©Ermolaev Alexander/
with employees residing in nearly 40 different countries and sales in more
Shutterstock; Cow: ©phodo/Shutterstock
than 125 countries around the world. Find your local representative at
www.cengage.com.
Cengage Learning products are represented in Canada by Nelson
Education, Ltd.
To learn more about Cengage Learning, visit www.cengage.com
Purchase any of our products at your local college store or at our
preferred online store www.cengagebrain.com
Notice to the Reader
Publisher does not warrant or guarantee any of the products described
herein or perform any independent analysis in connection with any of the
product information contained herein. Publisher does not assume, and ex-
pressly disclaims, any obligation to obtain and include information other
than that provided to it by the manufacturer. The reader is expressly
warned to consider and adopt all safety precautions that might be indicated
by the activities described herein and to avoid all potential hazards. By fol-
lowing the instructions contained herein, the reader willingly assumes all
risks in connection with such instructions. The publisher makes no repres-
entations or warranties of any kind, including but not limited to, the war-
ranties of fitness for particular purpose or merchantability, nor are any such
representations implied with respect to the material set forth herein, and
the publisher takes no responsibility with respect to such material. The
publisher shall not be liable for any special, consequential, or exemplary
damages resulting, in whole or part, from the readers’ use of, or reliance
upon, this material.

Copyright 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. WCN 02-200-203
Dr. Baker dedicates her efforts in producing this text
to her daughter, Elizabeth “Libby” Baker-Mikesell.
Copyright 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. WCN 02-200-203
Copyright 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. WCN 02-200-203
CONTENTS
Preface ix
About the Authors xv
Acknowledgments xvii
Unit I Comparative Anatomy and Physiology
(cid:31)
CHAPTER 1 Basic Cell Biology 2 CHAPTER 5 The Respiratory System 78
Cell Makeup.....................................................3 The Respiratory TTTrraacctt......................................79
Cell Structure...................................................6 Mechanisms of Breathing...............................83
Cell Function....................................................8 Clinical Practice..............................................84
Protein Synthesis............................................10
CHAPTER 6 The Renal System 89
Mitosis and Cancer.........................................11
Renal System Structures................................91
Mammalian Reproduction..............................12
Renal System Functions.................................94
Clinical Practice..............................................13
Kidney Structures and Urine Formation and
CHAPTER 2 Tissue Types and Functions 18 Regulation......................................................95
Epithelial Tissues............................................20 Urine and Blood Evaluation............................98
Connective Tissues.........................................24 Clinical Practice............................................102
Muscle Tissues...............................................25 CHAPTER 7 The Digestive System 107
Nerve Tissues.................................................28 Digestive System Structures.........................109
Clinical Practice..............................................29 Monogastric Digestion..................................116
CHAPTER 3 The Musculoskeletal System 33 Species Variation..........................................120
Musculoskeletal System Functions.................34 Clinical Practice............................................123
Bone Structure...............................................35 CHAPTER 8 The Reproductive System 130
Joint TTTyyppeess aanndd MMoovveemmeennttss............................36 Male Anatomy and Hormonal Function.........132
Axial and Appendicular Skeletons...................37 Female Anatomy and Hormonal Function.....134
Bone Growth and Remodeling........................45 Pregnancy and Parturition.............................138
Relation of Bones, Muscles, Clinical Practice............................................143
and Movement...............................................46
CHAPTER 9 The Nervous System 151
Clinical Practice..............................................48
Neuron Function...........................................153
CHAPTER 4 The Circulatory System 54
Brain Structure and Function........................156
Blood Components and Functions..................56
Anatomy and Function of the
Mammalian Heart Structures..........................60 Spinal Cord..................................................158
Blood Vessels and Blood Flow........................61 Sensory Somatic and Autonomic Nervous
Electrocardiograms, Heart Sounds, and Systems.......................................................159
Blood Pressure...............................................66 Clinical Practice............................................164
Clinical Practice..............................................72
vvviiiiii
Copyright 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. WCN 02-200-203
viii Contents
CHAPTER 10 The Endocrine System 169 CHAPTER 11 The Immune System 184
Endocrine System.........................................171 Antigens and Immunity.................................186
Endocrine Glands.........................................172 Immunity and Immune Response.................190
Clinical Practice............................................179 Clinical Practice............................................194
Unit II Nutrition
(cid:31)
CHAPTER 12 Basic Nutrients 202 Pet Food Labels............................................221
Nutrients......................................................204 Equine Nutrition and Fiber Digestion............225
Clinical Practice............................................214 Ruminant Nutrition and Fiber Digestion........228
Clinical Practice............................................231
CHAPTER 13 Species Comparison 218
Animal Nutrition...........................................220
Unit III Diseases
(cid:31)
CHAPTER 14 Principles of Infectious Disease 236 CHAPTER 16 Classification of Diseases 273
Koch’s Postulates.........................................238 Disease in Clinical Practice..........................275
Disease Agents.............................................239 CHAPTER 17 Zoonoses 289
Clinical Practice............................................255
Zoonotic Diseases........................................291
CHAPTER 15 Disease Prevention 263 Clinical Practice............................................298
Disease Prevention.......................................265 CHAPTER 18 Diagnosis of Disease 301
Vaccines.......................................................267
Disease Diagnosis........................................302
Clinical Practice............................................269
Clinical Practice............................................313
Unit IV Surgery
(cid:31)
CHAPTER 19 Principles of Surgery 320 Laceration Healing........................................326
Principles of Surgery.....................................323 Surgical Considerations................................333
Unit V Professionalism and Careers
(cid:31)
CHAPTER 20 Safety 342 Educational Requirements for
Veterinary Careers......................................355
Safety Regulations and OSHA.......................343
Decision Making in Veterinary Practice..........356
Safety in Veterinary Practice.........................344
CHAPTER 21 Careers and Decision Making
in Veterinary Science 351
Career Profiles .............................................353
Glossary 363
Bibliography 370
Index 375
Copyright 2017 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. WCN 02-200-203