Introduction to Space Sciences and Spacecraft Applications

254 Pages·1996·5.567 MB·English

by  Bruce A. Campbell, Samuel Walter McCandless Jr.

INTRODUCTION
TO
SPACES CIENCES
AND SPACECRAFT APPLICATIONS

INTRODUCTION
TO
SPACES CIENCES
APPLICATIONS
AND SPACECRAFT
BRUCEA . CAMPBELL AND SAMUEL WALTER MCCANDLESJSR,.
Gulf Publishing Company
Houston, Texas
Introduction to Space Sciences and
Spacecraft Applications
Copyright 0 1996 by Gulf Publishing Company, Houston, Texas. All
rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This book, or
parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form without permission of
the publisher.
Gulf Publishing Company
Book Division
P.O. Box 2608 Houston, Texas 77252-2608
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Campbell, Bruce A., 1955-
Introduction to space sciences and spacecraft applications / Bruce
A. Campbell, Samuel Walter McCandless, Jr.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-88415-411-4
1. Astronautics. 2. Space vehicles. I. McCandless, Samuel Wal-
ter. 11. Title.
TL791.C36 1996
629.4-dc20 96- 14936
CIP
Printed on acid-free paper (=)
iv
Contents
Acknowledgments viii
About the Authors viii
Preface ix
CHAPTER 1
Introduction and History 1
Uses of Space, 1. History of Spaceflight, 3. ReferencedAdditional
Reading, 23. Exercises, 23.
PART 1
SPACE SCIENCES
CHAPTER 2
Orbital Principles 26
Orbital Principles, 28. Orbital Elements, 38. Orbital Properties, 39.
Useful Orbits, 44. Orbit Establishment and Orbital Maneuvers, 47.
ReferencedAdditional Reading, 5 1. Exercises, 5 1.
CHAPTER 3
Propulsion 53
First Principles, 54. Orbit Establishment and Orbital Maneuvers, 63.
ReferencedAdditional Reading, 74. Exercises, 74.
CHAPTER 4
Spacecraft Environment 76
The Sun, 76. The Earth, 87. Spacecraft Effects, 97.
ReferencedAdditional Reading, 101. Exercises, 101.
V
PART 2
SPACECRAFT APPLICATIONS
CHAPTER 5
Communications 10 4
Communications Theory, 104. Modulation, 115 . Digital
Communications, 118 . Communications Systems, 128.
ReferencedAdditional Reading, 129. Exercises, 129.
CHAPTER 6
Remote Sensing 132
Remote Sensing Principles, 135. Measurement Dimensions of Remote
Sensors, 146. Remote Sensing Satellites, 149. ReferencedAdditional
Reading, 150. Exercises, 151 .
CHAPTER 7
Satellite Navigation 154
Position Determination Using Doppler Techniques, 154. Pulse Ranging
and Phase Difference Positioning, 159. ReferencedAdditional Reading,
164. Exercises, 164.
PART 3
SPACECRAFT SYSTEMS AND DESIGN
CHAPTER 8
Spacecraft Systems 166
Satellite Design, 166. Ground Support Systems, 192. Space System
Evolution, 195. ReferencedAdditional Reading, 196. Exercises, 197.
CHAPTER 9
Spacecraft Design 198
The Systems Approach, 198. Spacecraft Systems, 209.
ReferencedAdditional Reading, 210. Exercises, 2 10.
vi
APPENDIX A
Manned Spaceflight Summary 21 1
APPENDIX B
United States and Foreign Spacecraft
Inventories and Spacecraft Descriptions 21 7
Index 230
vii