Intrinsically Conducting Polymers: An Emerging Technology

233 Pages·1993·10.8 MB·English

by  Dr Herbert Naarmann (auth.)

Intrinsically Conducting Polymers:
An Emerging Technology
NATO ASI Series
Advanced Science Institutes Series
A Series presenting the results of activities sponsored by the NATO Science Committee,
which aims at the dissemination of advanced scientific and technological knowledge,
with a view to strengthening links between scientific communities.
The Series is published by an international board of publishers in conjunction with the
NATO Scientific Affairs Division
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B Physics London and New York
C Mathematical Kluwer Academic Publishers
and Physical Sciences Dordrecht, Boston and London
D Behavioural and Social Sciences
E Applied Sciences
F Computer and Systems Sciences Springer-Verlag
G Ecological Sciences Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, London,
H Cell Biology Paris and Tokyo
I Global Environmental Change
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Series E: Applied Sciences -Vol. 246
Intrinsically Conducting Polymers:
An Emerging Technology
edited by
M. Aldissi
Champlain Cable Corporation,
Colchester, Vermont, U.S.A.
Springer-Science+Business Media, B.V.
Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on
Applications of Intrinsically Conducting Polymers
Burlington, Vermont, U.S.A.
October 12-15, 1992
A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.
ISBN 978-90-481-4316-0 ISBN 978-94-017-1952-0 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-94-017-1952-0
All Rights Reserved
© 1993 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 1993
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1993
No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or
utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photo
copying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written
permission from the copyright owner.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Preface vii
List of Participants ix
List of Contributors xiii
Synthesis, properties and applications of perconjugated 1
systems
H. Naarmann
Functionalizations of conducting polymers by mesoscopically 13
structural control and by molecular combination of reactive
moiety
T. Shimidzu, T. Iyoda, H. Segawa and M. Fujitsuka
Characterization and application of polypyrrole-coated 25
textiles
H. H. Kuhn
Potential applications of conducting polymer colloids 35
S. P. Armes
Processing of polyanilines 45
V. G. Kulkarni
Inclusion of conducting polymers in inorganic hosts: towards 51
conducting nanostructures
T. Bein and P. Enzel
The separation of gases using conducting polymer films 61
B. R. Mattes, M. R. Anderson, H. Reiss and R. B. Kaner
Intrinsically conducting polymers: from fundamental to 75
applied research
E. M. Genies
Conjugated polymer light-emitting diodes 87
A. R. Brown, N. C. Greenham, R. W. Gymer, K. Pichler, D. D.
C. Bradley, R. H. Friend, P. L. Burn, A. Kraft and A. B.
Holmes
Molecular engineering of organic semiconductors 107
F. Garnier, F. Deloffre, A. Yassar, G. Horowitz and R.
Hajlaoui
Blue electroluminescence with polyconjugated materials 117
G. Leising
Organic multilayer-dye electroluminescent diodes: is there 123
any difference with polymer LED?
T. Tsutsui and S. Saito
The chemical and electronic structure of metal/conjugated 135
polymer interfaces: a joint theoretical and experimental
study
R. Lazzaroni, C. Fredriksson, A. Calderone, J.-L. Bredas, P.
Dannetun, M. Boman, S. Stafstrom andY. R. Salaneck
Application of conducting polyanilines in computer 147
manufacturing
M. Angelopoulos
Conducting polymers for molecular electronics 157
S. Roth, J. Anders and H. J. Byrne
Polyanilines: recent advances in processing and applications 165
to welding of plastics
A. J. Epstein, J. Joo, C.-Y. Yu, A. Benatar, C. F. Faisst,
Jr., J. Zegarski, and A. G. MacDiarmid
Electrochemomechanical and electrochemopositioning devices: 179
artificial muscles
T. F. Otero and J. Rodr{guez
A highly thermostable aluminum solid electrolytic capacitor 191
with an electroconducting polymer electrolyte
Y. Kudoh, M. Fukuyama, T. Kojima, N. Nanai and S. Yoshimura
Polymer based xerographic photoreceptors 209
M. A. Abkowitz
Subject index 223
PREFACE
This book contains the majority of the papers presented at the NATO Ad
vanced Research Workshop (ARW) held in Burlington, Vermont, USA on
October 12-15, 1992. This ARW was the first of its kind to address the
subject of intrinsically conducting polymers with an emphasis on
processing and technological applications. The NATO ARW format was
followed in that the subjects addressed here were limited in number but
discussed in detail with the attendance being limited to a small number
of selected scientists.
The ARW brought together lecturers who are leaders in their respective
fields from a wide range of NATO and non-NATO countries (a total of 11
countries) with the support of the NATO Scientific Affairs Division and
some support from Champlain Cable Corporation. The total number of par
ticipants was 33 and the number of presentations was 24. The speakers
were chosen based on the topics selected for this workshop and repre
sented industry, universities and government laboratories.
The field of conducting polymers has grown rapidly during the past few
years with important developments in materials processing and fabrica
tion that brought about active research programs focusing on the use of
these polymers as "smart" materials in technological applications and
devices in academic and industrial research laboratories.
The nature of NATO sponsored workshops is such that all aspects of the
subject are discussed. Therefore, basic materials science of conducting
polymers is treated, thus giving a solid basis for the treatment of the
main subject which consists of present and future applications. The
topics discussed consisted of important aspects of materials chemistry
and processing, electronic structure and applications including photolu
minescence, elctroluminescence, artificial muscles, plastics
joining/welding, gas separation, microwave properties, capacitors,
microlithography, electrophotography and immunodiagnostics. The work
shop closed with a stimulating round-table discussion to summarize what
was discussed and what role conducting polymers could play in future
technology as intelligent materials or structures and as intrinsically
adaptive materials.
I would like to thank all contributors and participants for their help
in promoting an exciting meeting. Also, I would like to thank the orga
nizing committee for their help throughout the preparation for the work
shop in suggesting speakers and topics. Members of the committee are
Dr. R. H. Friend (Cambridge University, U.K.) , Dr. F. Garnier (CNRS,
France), Dr. A. G. MacDiarmid (University of Pennsylvania, USA), and Dr.
S. Roth (Max-Planck, Germany).
M. Aldissi
vii
LIST OF PARTICIPANTS
M. Abkowitz H. Bleier
Xerox Corp. Ciba Geigy AG
800 Phillips Road Materials research
Webster, NY 14580 CH-4002 Basel
USA Switzerland
M. Aldissi F. X. Bronold
Champlain Cable Corp. Los Alamos National Laboratory
12 Hercules Drive P. 0. Box 1663, MS B262
Colchester, VT 05446 Los Alamos, NM 87545
USA USA
M. Angelopoulos I. Campbell
IBM Los Alamos National Laboratory
P.O.Box 218 P. 0. Box 1663, MEE-11, MS D429
Yorktown Heights, NY 10598 Los Alamos, NM 87545
USA USA
H. Antoniadis S. Coca
Xerox Corp. Chemical Research Institute
800 Phillips Road Spl. Independentei 202
Webster, NY 14580 Bucharest 77208
USA Romania
A. P. Armes N. Colaneri
School of Chemistry Uniax Corp.
University of Sussex 5375 Overpass Road
Brighton BNl 9QJ Santa Barbara, CA 93111
England USA
R. Baughman P. G. da Costa
Allied-Signal Center for Photoinduced Charge
Materials Research Center Transfer
Columbia Road and Park Avenue University of Rochester
Morristown, NJ 07960 Rochester, NY 14627
USA USA
T. Bein M. A. da Silva
Chemistry Department Universidade de Coimbra
Purdue University Chemistry Department
West Lafayette, IN 47907 P-3049 Coimbra Codex
USA Portugal
IX
X
A. J. Epstein R. Lazzaroni
Department of Physics Depart. des Materiaux et Procedes
Ohio State University Universite de l'Etat a Mons
174 West 18th Avenue Avenue Maistriau, 21
Columbus, OH 43210 B-7000 Mons
USA Belgium
R. H. Friend
Cavendish Laboratory G. Leising
Cambridge University Institut fur Festkorperphysik
Madingley Road Technische Universitat Graz
Cambridge CB3 OHE Petergrasse 16
England A-8010 Graz
Austria
F. Garnier
CNRS A. G. MacDiarmid
2 Rue Henry Dunant Department of Chemistry
94320 Thiais 34th & Spruce Streets
France University of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323
E. M. Genies USA
Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires
DRFMC/SESM/EM 85X H. Naarmann
38041 Grenoble BASF
France Plastics Research Laboratory
R. B. Kaner D-6700 Ludwigshafen
Department of Chemistry Germany
University of California
Los Angeles, CA 90024-1569 T. F. Otero
USA Dpto. de Ciencia y technologia
de Polimeros, Fac. de Quimicas
Y. Kudoh P. 0. Box 1072
Matsushita Research Inst. Tokyo, 20080 San Sebastian
Inc. Spain
Higashimita,Tama-ku
Kawasaki 214 S. Roth
Japan Max-Planck Institute
Heisenbergstr. 1
H. H. Kuhn Postfach 80 06 65
Milliken Research Corp. 7000 Stuttgart 80
P. 0. Box 1927 Germany
Mail Stop M 405
Spartanburg, SC 29304 T. Shimidzu
USA Division of Molecular Engineering
Graduate School of Engineering
V. G. Kulkarni Kyoto University
Americhem, Inc. Kyoto 606
723 Commerce Drive Japan
Concord, NC 28025
USA