Intra-system Interference Mitigation Techniques for Hybrid Terrestrial-Satellite Backhauling

158 Pages·2017·4.5 MB·English

by  Dimitrios K. Ntaikos

SANSA-645047
D3.5

D3.5
Intra-system interference mitigation techniques
for hybrid terrestrial-satellite backhauling
Grant Agreement nº: 645047
Project Acronym: SANSA
Project Title: Shared Access Terrestrial-Satellite Backhaul
Network enabled by Smart Antennas
Contractual delivery 30/04/2017
date:
Actual delivery date: 15/05/2017
Contributing WP WP3
Dissemination level: Public
Editors: Centre Tecnològic de les Telecommunicacions
de Catalunya (CTTC) and Athens Information
Technology (AIT).
Contributors: CTTC, AIT, ULUX and FHH.
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Abstract:
D3.5 presents the intra-system interference mitigation techniques studied in T3.1, evaluates
them in terms of the achieved system-wide spectral efficiency (SE), and compares them based
on their performance, computational complexity, and implementation cost. These methods
include various beamforming and precoding schemes applied at point-to-point (PTP), point-to-
multi-point (PTMP), and multi-point-to-multi-point (MPTMP) setups, in order to enable the
sharing of the spectrum across a hybrid terrestrial-satellite backhaul system. The aim of these
interference relievers is to allow the coexistence of multiple backhaul nodes (BN) and satellite
terminals (ST) in the Ka band resulting in an extremely increase of the SE. The comparative
performance evaluation considers the requirements of next generation backhaul networks
defined in WP2. Numerical simulations consist of the evaluation of the conceived techniques in
both a real backhaul deployment and random topologies based on rate demand forecasts.
Insights about the characteristics and performance of the techniques under study are obtained
for PTP, PTMP and MPTMP. Additionally, we discuss about the cost and complexity of the
described techniques.

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Document History
Version Date Editor Modification
v0 05/10/2015 ULUX Initial ToC.
v0.1 06/10/2015 AIT Significant restructure of ToC to avoid overlapping
with D3.3.
v0.2 16/10/2015 AIT Restructure of ToC, assign partners to sections.
v0.3 10/01/2016 AIT Addition of channel modelling.
v0.4 13/09/2016 AIT Updates on the channel modelling.
v0.5 20/09/2016 AIT Updates on the interference mitigation.
v0.6 20/10/2016 CTTC Update ToC and preliminary evaluation.
v0.7 25/10/2016 CTTC Inputs in sections 3.2.2, 3.2.3.
v0.8 27/01/2017 CTTC Update from CTTC.
v0.9 22/03/2017 AIT Update from CTTC and AIT.
v0.91 27/03/2017 AIT Update from ULUX and AIT.
V0.92 27/03/2017 FRA Update from FRA
v0.99 30/03/2017 AIT Update from AIT.
v1.0 31/03/2017 AIT Inputs integration.
v1.2 07/04/2017 AIT Inputs integration.
v1.3 10/04/2017 AIT Re-organization of the document taking in order to
reduce the number of pages.
V1.4 24/04/2017 CTTC Editorial changes including the writing of
summaries, coherence of the document, etc.
V 1.5 28/04/2017 CTTC, ULUX, Updates for increasing the coherence of the
FHH document.
V1.6 03/05/2017 CTTC Document ready for Q&A.
V1.7 09/05/2017 CTTC, ULUX Q&A comments.

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List of contributors

Name Company Contributions
Dimitrios Ntaikos AIT Section 2 and Appendix A
Kostantinos Voulgaris AIT Section 2 and Appendix A
Kostantinos Ntougias AIT Chapter 4, section 4.4.
Chapter 5, section 5.3.
Chapter 6, sections 6.3 and
6.4.
Bobby Gizas AIT Section 2 and Appendix A
George Papageorgiou AIT Section 2 and Appendix A
Maha Alodeh ULUX Section 3
Symeon Chatzinotas ULUX Section 3
Christos Tsinos ULUX Section 3
Sina Maleki ULUX QA review
Venkatesh Ramireddy Fraunhofer IIS Section 5, Section 5.1,
Section 5.2,Section 6.4 and
Appendix E
Rudolf Zetik Fraunhofer IIS Section 5, Section 5.1,
Section 5.2, Section 6.4 and
Appendix E
Marcus Grossmann Fraunhofer IIS Section 5, Section 5.1,
Section 5.2, Section 6.4 and
Appendix E
Markus Landmann Fraunhofer IIS Section 5, Section 5.1,
Section 5.2, Section 6.4 and
Appendix E
Ana I. Pérez-Neira CTTC Overall review and Sections
3.2, 4.2 and 4.3.

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Miguel Ángel Vázquez CTTC Overall review, document
editing and Sections 3.2, 4.2
and 4.3.
Joan Bas CTTC Sections 3.2, 4.2 and 4.3.
Xavier Artiga CTTC QA review, Section 3.2.

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Table of Contents
List of Figures .............................................................................................................................. 10
List of Tables ................................................................................................................................ 13
List of Acronyms .......................................................................................................................... 14
Executive Summary ..................................................................................................................... 16
1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 18
................................................................................ 18
.................................................................................................. 21
1.1 SANSA Communication Models
2 Channel Model .................................................................................................................... 22
1.2 Document Structure
3 Point – to – Point Communication ...................................................................................... 25
............................................................................................................... 25
......................................................................................... 26
3.1 Introduction
3.2.1 Analog Beamforming ........................................................................................... 26
3.2 Beamforming Techniques
3.2.2 Hybrid Analog-Digital Beamforming ................................................................... 33
....................................................................................................... 44
3.3.1 Hybrid Analog-Digital Transceiver Designs for Interference Aware Millimeter
3.3 MIMO Processing
Wave Radio Systems ........................................................................................................... 44
4 Point – to – Multipoint Communication ............................................................................. 55
............................................................................................................... 55
..................... 55
4.1 Introduction
............................ 56
4.2 Hybrid Analog-Digital Precoding with Individual SINR Constraints
4.3.1 Motivation ........................................................................................................... 56
4.3 Hybrid Analog-Digital Precoding with Phased Antenna Arrays
4.3.2 System Model and Interference Mitigation Design ............................................ 56
.................................... 57
4.4.1 Arbitrary Channel-Dependent Precoding ............................................................ 58
4.4 Hybrid Analog-Digital Precoding with Parasitic Antennas
4.4.2 System Model ...................................................................................................... 60
4.4.3 User-Level Precoding ........................................................................................... 61
4.4.4 Power Allocation ................................................................................................. 62
4.4.5 Symbol-Level ZF Precoding .................................................................................. 63
............................................................................................ 64
5 Multipoint – to – Multipoint Communication ..................................................................... 66
4.5 Symbol Level Precoding

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............................................................................................................... 66
..................................................... 67
5.1 Introduction
5.2.1 Motivation ........................................................................................................... 67
5.2 Decentralized Hybrid Analog-Digital Precoding
5.2.2 System model ...................................................................................................... 68
5.2.3 Problem statement ............................................................................................. 70
5.2.4 Precoding design ................................................................................................. 71

...................................................................................................................... 78
5.3 Centralized Hybrid Analog-Digital Precoding with Load-Controlled Parasitic
5.3.1 Coordinated MIMO ............................................................................................. 78
Antenna Arrays
5.3.2 A Low-Complexity Communication Protocol ...................................................... 78
6 Performance, cost comparison, and selection of precoding and interference mitigation
techniques for the SANSA solution ............................................................................................. 81
............................................................................................................... 81
........................................................................................................ 82
6.1 Introduction
6.2.1 Random Scenario Numerical Results .................................................................. 82
6.2 Point – to – Point
6.2.2 Helsinki Numerical Results .................................................................................. 84
6.2.3 Cost, Computational Complexity and Performance Comparison ....................... 89
............................................................................................... 90
6.3.1 Random Scenario Numerical Results .................................................................. 90
6.3 Point – to – Multipoint
6.3.2 Helsinki Numerical Results .................................................................................. 94
6.3.3 Cost, Computational Complexity and Performance Comparison ....................... 97
...................................................................................... 97
6.4.1 Random Scenario Numerical Results .................................................................. 98
6.4 Multipoint – to – Multipoint
6.4.2 Helsinki Numerical Results ................................................................................ 101
6.4.3 Cost, Computational Complexity and Performance Comparison ..................... 106
..................................................................... 109
7 Conclusion ......................................................................................................................... 112
6.5 PTP, PTMP and MPTMP comparison
A. Channel model simulator .................................................................................................. 120
............................................................................................................. 120
.................................................................. 120
A1. Introduction
............................................................................................ 121
A2. Summary of Channel Model Simulator
..................................................................................................... 122
A3. Implemented topology

A4. Line of sight path

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.................................................................................................... 124
...................................................................... 126
A5. Ground Reflection
......................................................................................................... 129
A6. Clusters and multipath components
.................................................................................................. 130
A7. Rain fade effect
................................................ 131
A8. Oxygen Absorption
......................................................................................... 135
A9. Summary of the SANSA channel model scenarios
B. Peak Power Minimization in Symbol-level Precoding for Backhaul Channels .................. 137
A10. Graphical User Interface
................................................................................................................ 137
....................................................................................... 137
B1. Motivation
.............................................. 138
B2. System and Signals model
............. 139
B3. Peak Power Minimization Symbol-level precoding
.................................................................................................... 139
B4. Special case: Symbol-level Precoding for one dimensional modulation
C. Spatiotemporal Symbol-level Precoding for Faster-than-Nyquist in the Backhaul Channel
B5. Numerical results
142
................................................................................................................ 142
....................................................................................................... 144
C1. Motivation
....................................................................... 145
C2. Precoder Design
.................................................................................................... 145
C3. Discussion on Receiver Complexity
.............................................................................................................. 148
C4. Numerical results
D. Hybrid Analog-Digital Precoding with Individual SINR Constraints ................................... 149
C5. Conclusions
.................................................................. 149
............................................................................................. 150
D1. System Model and Problem Statement
.................................................................................................... 151
D2. Problem Optimization
E. Multipoint-to-Multipoint Communication ........................................................................ 152
D3. Numerical Results
......................................................................................... 152
......................................................................................................... 153
E1. Baseband Precoder Design
E3. ..................................................................................................................... 154
E2. BD-MMSE scheme
E4. ............................................................................................................................ 154
DET-MMSE
E5. .............................................................................................................................. 156
BD-BD
. 156
BD-CI

E6. Number of antenna elements necessary for achieving the highest multiplex gain

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List of Figures
Figure 1.1 PTP scenario example. ............................................................................................... 19
Figure 1.2 PTMP scenario example. ............................................................................................ 19
Figure 1.3 MPTMP scenario example. ......................................................................................... 20
Figure 1.4 Document structure. .................................................................................................. 21
Figure 3.1 All-digital beamforming. ............................................................................................. 28
Figure 3.2 All-analog beamforming. ............................................................................................ 29
Figure 3.3 Array gain for different number of antennas and maximum interference values
considering a single interference. ............................................................................................... 32
Figure 3.4 Array gain for different number of antennas and maximum interference values
considering 2 and 3 interferences. .............................................................................................. 32
Figure 3.5 Elapsed time of non-smooth techniques and FPP-SCA versus the number of antenna
elements. ..................................................................................................................................... 33
Figure 3.6 Full connected hybrid analog-digital beamformer using a Butler matrix. ................. 35
Figure 3.7 Full connected hybrid analog-digital beamformer using phase shifters or switches. 35
Figure 3.8 Interleaved hybrid analog-digital beamformer using phase shifters or switches...... 36
Figure 3.9 Localized hybrid analog-digital beamformer using phase shifters or switches. ........ 37
Figure 3.10. Array gain example ................................................................. 42
Figure 3.11 ECDF of the achievable data rate for different N_RF and connectivity matrices with
𝟏𝟏𝐥𝐥𝐥𝟏𝟏|𝒉𝒉𝑷𝑷|𝟐
switches analog components. ..................................................................................................... 43
Figure 3.12 ECDF of the achievable data rate for different N_RF and connectivity matrices with
Butler matrix analog component. ............................................................................................... 43
Figure 3.13 TSN-ISN transceiver pairs. The TSN is equipped with N <<T and N << R RF
st s sr s
chains at the transmitter’s and receiver’s side, respectively. ..................................................... 46
Figure 3.14 TSN Hybrid Analog/Digital Transceiver. ................................................................... 46
Figure 3.15 Spectral Efficiency of the Hybrid Pre-coding Techniques vs SNR for a 64×16 MIMO
system and N = N = L ={2,4,6} .................................................................................... 52
st sr s
Figure 3.16 Spectral Efficiency of the Hybrid Pre-coding Techniques vs SNR for a 64×16 MIMO
system and L ={2,6,9}. ..................................................................................................... 53
p
Figure 3.17: Spectral Efficiency of the Hybrid Pre-coding Techniques vs SNR for a 64×16
MIMO system and I ={10,0.0001}. .................................................................................. 53
max
Figure 4.1 Equivalent circuit diagram of a single-RF LC-PAA [64]. The extension to a LC-MAMP is
trivial............................................................................................................................................ 59
Figure 4.2 Average SR throughput vs. average SNR for CI-ZFBF and ZFBF in a (2,(2,1)) setup. .. 64
Figure 5.1 Decentralized (left) and centralized (right) processing of the MPTMP channel ........ 66
Figure 5.2 A wireless hybrid backhaul network with L TBSs and K RBSs, where each TBS
communicates simultaneously with all RBSs. ............................................................................. 69
Figure 5.3 Coordinated MIMO system setup. ............................................................................. 79
Figure 5.4: Performance of the low-complexity communication protocol for the setup shown in
Figure 5.3. .................................................................................................................................... 80

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